Assessment Details
1 Initial Setup
Items in this section are advised for all systems, but may be difficult or require
extensive preparation after the initial setup of the system.
1.1 Filesystem Configuration
Directories that are used for system-wide functions can be further protected by placing
them on separate partitions. This provides protection for resource exhaustion and
enables the use of mounting options that are applicable to the directory's intended
use. Users' data can be stored on separate partitions and have stricter mount options.
A user partition is a filesystem that has been established for use by the users and
does not contain software for system operations.
The recommendations in this section are easier to perform during initial system installation.
If the system is already installed, it is recommended that a full backup be performed
before repartitioning the system.
Note:
If you are repartitioning a system that has already been installed (This may require
the system to be in single-user mode):
-
Mount the new partition to a temporary mountpoint e.g.
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
-
Copy data from the original partition to the new partition. e.g.
cp /var/tmp/* /mnt
-
Verify that all data is present on the new partition. e.g.
ls -la /mnt
-
Unmount the new partition. e.g.
umount /mnt
-
Remove the data from the original directory that was in the old partition. e.g.
rm -Rf /var/tmp/*
Otherwise it will still consume space in the old partition that will be masked when
the new filesystem is mounted.
-
Mount the new partition to the desired mountpoint. e.g.
mount /dev/sda2 /var/tmp
-
Update
/etc/fstab
with the new mountpoint. e.g.
/dev/sda2 /var/tmp xfs defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
1.1.1 Disable unused filesystems
A number of uncommon filesystem types are supported under Linux. Removing support
for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If a
filesystem type is not needed it should be disabled. Native Linux file systems are
designed to ensure that built-in security controls function as expected. Non-native
filesystems can lead to unexpected consequences to both the security and functionality
of the system and should be used with caution. Many filesystems are created for niche
use cases and are not maintained and supported as the operating systems are updated
and patched. Users of non-native filesystems should ensure that there is attention
and ongoing support for them, especially in light of frequent operating system changes.
Standard network connectivity and Internet access to cloud storage may make the use
of non-standard filesystem formats to directly attach heterogeneous devices much less
attractive.
Note
: This should not be considered a comprehensive list of filesystems. You may wish
to consider additions to those listed here for your environment. For the current available
file system modules on the system see
/usr/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/fs
Start up scripts
Kernel modules loaded directly via
insmod
will ignore what is configured in the relevant
/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf
files. If modules are still being loaded after a reboot whilst having the correctly
configured
blacklist
and install
command, check for
insmod
entries in start up scripts such as
.bashrc
.
You may also want to check
/lib/modprobe.d/
. Please note that this directory should not be used for user defined module loading.
Ensure that all such entries resides in
/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf
files.
Return values
By using
/bin/false
as the command in disabling a particular module serves two purposes; to convey the
meaning of the entry to the user and cause a non-zero return value. The latter can
be tested for in scripts. Please note that
insmod
will ignore what is configured in the relevant
/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf
files. The preferred way to load modules is with
modprobe
.
Fail1.1.1.1 Ensure mounting of cramfs filesystems is disabled
Description:
The
cramfs
filesystem type is a compressed read-only Linux filesystem embedded in small footprint
systems. A
cramfs
image can be used without having to first decompress the image.
Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of
the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.
Run the following script to disable the
cramfs
module:
If the module is available in the running kernel:
-
Create a file with
install cramfs /bin/false
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Create a file with
blacklist cramfs
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Unload
cramfs
from the kernel
If available in ANY installed kernel:
-
Create a file with
blacklist cramfs
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
If the kernel module is not available on the system or pre-compiled into the kernel:
- No remediation is necessary
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_mname="cramfs" # set module name
l_mtype="fs" # set module type
l_mpath="/lib/modules/**/kernel/$l_mtype"
l_mpname="$(tr '-' '_' <<< "$l_mname")"
l_mndir="$(tr '-' '/' <<< "$l_mname")"
module_loadable_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loadable, add "install {MODULE_NAME} /bin/false" to a
file in "/etc/modprobe.d"
l_loadable="$(modprobe -n -v "$l_mname")"
[ "$(wc -l <<< "$l_loadable")" -gt "1" ] && l_loadable="$(grep -P -- "(^\h*install|\b$l_mname)\b"
<<< "$l_loadable")"
if ! grep -Pq -- '^\h*install \/bin\/(true|false)' <<< "$l_loadable"; then
echo -e "\n - setting module: \"$l_mname\" to be not loadable"
echo -e "install $l_mname /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
module_loaded_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loaded, unload the module
if lsmod | grep "$l_mname" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo -e "\n - unloading module \"$l_mname\""
modprobe -r "$l_mname"
fi
}
module_deny_fix()
{
# If the module isn't deny listed, denylist the module
if ! modprobe --showconfig | grep -Pq -- "^\h*blacklist\h+$l_mpname\b"; then
echo -e "\n - deny listing \"$l_mname\""
echo -e "blacklist $l_mname" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
# Check if the module exists on the system
for l_mdir in $l_mpath; do
if [ -d "$l_mdir/$l_mndir" ] && [ -n "$(ls -A $l_mdir/$l_mndir)" ]; then
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" exists in \"$l_mdir\"\n - checking if disabled..."
module_deny_fix
if [ "$l_mdir" = "/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/$l_mtype" ]; then
module_loadable_fix
module_loaded_fix
fi
else
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" doesn't exist in \"$l_mdir\"\n"
fi
done
echo -e "\n - remediation of module: \"$l_mname\" complete\n"
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- -- INFO --
- - module: "cramfs" exists in:
- - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - module: "cramfs" is not deny listed
- - module: "cramfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/cramfs/cramfs.ko
"
- - Correctly set:
- - module: "cramfs" is not loaded
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.1_Ensure_mounting_of_cramfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.849-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994868_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l> - module: "cramfs" exists in:</l>
<l> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "cramfs" is not deny listed</l>
<l> - module: "cramfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/cramfs/cramfs.ko "</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "cramfs" is not loaded</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li> - module: "cramfs" exists in:</li>
<li> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "cramfs" is not deny listed</li>
<li> - module: "cramfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/cramfs/cramfs.ko "</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "cramfs" is not loaded</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.1.1.2 Ensure mounting of freevxfs filesystems is disabled
Description:
The
freevxfs
filesystem type is a free version of the Veritas type filesystem. This is the primary
filesystem type for HP-UX operating systems.
Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of
the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.
Run the following script to disable the
freevxfs
module:
If the module is available in the running kernel:
-
Create a file with
install freevxfs /bin/false
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Create a file with
blacklist freevxfs
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Unload
freevxfs
from the kernel
If available in ANY installed kernel:
-
Create a file with
blacklist freevxfs
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
If the kernel module is not available on the system or pre-compiled into the kernel:
- No remediation is necessary
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_mname="freevxfs" # set module name
l_mtype="fs" # set module type
l_mpath="/lib/modules/**/kernel/$l_mtype"
l_mpname="$(tr '-' '_' <<< "$l_mname")"
l_mndir="$(tr '-' '/' <<< "$l_mname")"
module_loadable_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loadable, add "install {MODULE_NAME} /bin/false" to a
file in "/etc/modprobe.d"
l_loadable="$(modprobe -n -v "$l_mname")"
[ "$(wc -l <<< "$l_loadable")" -gt "1" ] && l_loadable="$(grep -P -- "(^\h*install|\b$l_mname)\b"
<<< "$l_loadable")"
if ! grep -Pq -- '^\h*install \/bin\/(true|false)' <<< "$l_loadable"; then
echo -e "\n - setting module: \"$l_mname\" to be not loadable"
echo -e "install $l_mname /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
module_loaded_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loaded, unload the module
if lsmod | grep "$l_mname" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo -e "\n - unloading module \"$l_mname\""
modprobe -r "$l_mname"
fi
}
module_deny_fix()
{
# If the module isn't deny listed, denylist the module
if ! modprobe --showconfig | grep -Pq -- "^\h*blacklist\h+$l_mpname\b"; then
echo -e "\n - deny listing \"$l_mname\""
echo -e "blacklist $l_mname" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
# Check if the module exists on the system
for l_mdir in $l_mpath; do
if [ -d "$l_mdir/$l_mndir" ] && [ -n "$(ls -A $l_mdir/$l_mndir)" ]; then
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" exists in \"$l_mdir\"\n - checking if disabled..."
module_deny_fix
if [ "$l_mdir" = "/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/$l_mtype" ]; then
module_loadable_fix
module_loaded_fix
fi
else
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" doesn't exist in \"$l_mdir\"\n"
fi
done
echo -e "\n - remediation of module: \"$l_mname\" complete\n"
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- -- INFO --
- - module: "freevxfs" exists in:
- - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - module: "freevxfs" is not deny listed
- - module: "freevxfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/freevxfs/freevxfs.ko
"
- - Correctly set:
- - module: "freevxfs" is not loaded
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.2_Ensure_mounting_of_freevxfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.849-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994869_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l> - module: "freevxfs" exists in:</l>
<l> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "freevxfs" is not deny listed</l>
<l> - module: "freevxfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/freevxfs/freevxfs.ko "</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "freevxfs" is not loaded</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li> - module: "freevxfs" exists in:</li>
<li> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "freevxfs" is not deny listed</li>
<li> - module: "freevxfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/freevxfs/freevxfs.ko "</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "freevxfs" is not loaded</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.1.1.3 Ensure mounting of jffs2 filesystems is disabled
Description:
The
jffs2
(journaling flash filesystem 2) filesystem type is a log-structured filesystem used
in flash memory devices.
Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of
the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.
Run the following script to disable the
jffs2
module:
If the module is available in the running kernel:
-
Create a file with
install jffs2 /bin/false
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Create a file with
blacklist jffs2
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Unload
jffs2
from the kernel
If available in ANY installed kernel:
-
Create a file with
blacklist jffs2
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
If the kernel module is not available on the system or pre-compiled into the kernel:
- No remediation is necessary
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_mname="jffs2" # set module name
l_mtype="fs" # set module type
l_mpath="/lib/modules/**/kernel/$l_mtype"
l_mpname="$(tr '-' '_' <<< "$l_mname")"
l_mndir="$(tr '-' '/' <<< "$l_mname")"
module_loadable_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loadable, add "install {MODULE_NAME} /bin/false" to a
file in "/etc/modprobe.d"
l_loadable="$(modprobe -n -v "$l_mname")"
[ "$(wc -l <<< "$l_loadable")" -gt "1" ] && l_loadable="$(grep -P -- "(^\h*install|\b$l_mname)\b"
<<< "$l_loadable")"
if ! grep -Pq -- '^\h*install \/bin\/(true|false)' <<< "$l_loadable"; then
echo -e "\n - setting module: \"$l_mname\" to be not loadable"
echo -e "install $l_mname /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
module_loaded_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loaded, unload the module
if lsmod | grep "$l_mname" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo -e "\n - unloading module \"$l_mname\""
modprobe -r "$l_mname"
fi
}
module_deny_fix()
{
# If the module isn't deny listed, denylist the module
if ! modprobe --showconfig | grep -Pq -- "^\h*blacklist\h+$l_mpname\b"; then
echo -e "\n - deny listing \"$l_mname\""
echo -e "blacklist $l_mname" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
# Check if the module exists on the system
for l_mdir in $l_mpath; do
if [ -d "$l_mdir/$l_mndir" ] && [ -n "$(ls -A $l_mdir/$l_mndir)" ]; then
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" exists in \"$l_mdir\"\n - checking if disabled..."
module_deny_fix
if [ "$l_mdir" = "/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/$l_mtype" ]; then
module_loadable_fix
module_loaded_fix
fi
else
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" doesn't exist in \"$l_mdir\"\n"
fi
done
echo -e "\n - remediation of module: \"$l_mname\" complete\n"
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- -- INFO --
- - module: "jffs2" exists in:
- - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - module: "jffs2" is not deny listed
- - module: "jffs2" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/jffs2/jffs2.ko
"
- - Correctly set:
- - module: "jffs2" is not loaded
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.3_Ensure_mounting_of_jffs2_filesystems_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.849-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994870_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l> - module: "jffs2" exists in:</l>
<l> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "jffs2" is not deny listed</l>
<l> - module: "jffs2" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/jffs2/jffs2.ko "</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "jffs2" is not loaded</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li> - module: "jffs2" exists in:</li>
<li> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "jffs2" is not deny listed</li>
<li> - module: "jffs2" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/jffs2/jffs2.ko "</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "jffs2" is not loaded</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.1.1.4 Ensure mounting of hfs filesystems is disabled
Description:
The
hfs
filesystem type is a hierarchical filesystem that allows you to mount Mac OS filesystems.
Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of
the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.
Run the following script to disable the
hfs
module:
If the module is available in the running kernel:
-
Create a file with
install hfs /bin/false
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Create a file with
blacklist hfs
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Unload
hfs
from the kernel
If available in ANY installed kernel:
-
Create a file with
blacklist hfs
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
If the kernel module is not available on the system or pre-compiled into the kernel:
- No remediation is necessary
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_mname="hfs" # set module name
l_mtype="fs" # set module type
l_mpath="/lib/modules/**/kernel/$l_mtype"
l_mpname="$(tr '-' '_' <<< "$l_mname")"
l_mndir="$(tr '-' '/' <<< "$l_mname")"
module_loadable_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loadable, add "install {MODULE_NAME} /bin/false" to a
file in "/etc/modprobe.d"
l_loadable="$(modprobe -n -v "$l_mname")"
[ "$(wc -l <<< "$l_loadable")" -gt "1" ] && l_loadable="$(grep -P -- "(^\h*install|\b$l_mname)\b"
<<< "$l_loadable")"
if ! grep -Pq -- '^\h*install \/bin\/(true|false)' <<< "$l_loadable"; then
echo -e "\n - setting module: \"$l_mname\" to be not loadable"
echo -e "install $l_mname /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
module_loaded_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loaded, unload the module
if lsmod | grep "$l_mname" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo -e "\n - unloading module \"$l_mname\""
modprobe -r "$l_mname"
fi
}
module_deny_fix()
{
# If the module isn't deny listed, denylist the module
if ! modprobe --showconfig | grep -Pq -- "^\h*blacklist\h+$l_mpname\b"; then
echo -e "\n - deny listing \"$l_mname\""
echo -e "blacklist $l_mname" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
# Check if the module exists on the system
for l_mdir in $l_mpath; do
if [ -d "$l_mdir/$l_mndir" ] && [ -n "$(ls -A $l_mdir/$l_mndir)" ]; then
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" exists in \"$l_mdir\"\n - checking if disabled..."
module_deny_fix
if [ "$l_mdir" = "/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/$l_mtype" ]; then
module_loadable_fix
module_loaded_fix
fi
else
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" doesn't exist in \"$l_mdir\"\n"
fi
done
echo -e "\n - remediation of module: \"$l_mname\" complete\n"
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- -- INFO --
- - module: "hfs" exists in:
- - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - module: "hfs" is not deny listed
- - module: "hfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/hfs/hfs.ko
"
- - Correctly set:
- - module: "hfs" is not loaded
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.4_Ensure_mounting_of_hfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.849-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994872_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l> - module: "hfs" exists in:</l>
<l> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "hfs" is not deny listed</l>
<l> - module: "hfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/hfs/hfs.ko "</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "hfs" is not loaded</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li> - module: "hfs" exists in:</li>
<li> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "hfs" is not deny listed</li>
<li> - module: "hfs" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/hfs/hfs.ko "</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "hfs" is not loaded</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.1.1.5 Ensure mounting of hfsplus filesystems is disabled
Description:
The
hfsplus
filesystem type is a hierarchical filesystem designed to replace
hfs
that allows you to mount Mac OS filesystems.
Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of
the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.
Run the following script to disable the
hfsplus
module:
If the module is available in the running kernel:
-
Create a file with
install hfsplus /bin/false
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Create a file with
blacklist hfsplus
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Unload
hfsplus
from the kernel
If available in ANY installed kernel:
-
Create a file with
blacklist hfsplus
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
If the kernel module is not available on the system or pre-compiled into the kernel:
- No remediation is necessary
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_mname="hfsplus" # set module name
l_mtype="fs" # set module type
l_mpath="/lib/modules/**/kernel/$l_mtype"
l_mpname="$(tr '-' '_' <<< "$l_mname")"
l_mndir="$(tr '-' '/' <<< "$l_mname")"
module_loadable_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loadable, add "install {MODULE_NAME} /bin/false" to a
file in "/etc/modprobe.d"
l_loadable="$(modprobe -n -v "$l_mname")"
[ "$(wc -l <<< "$l_loadable")" -gt "1" ] && l_loadable="$(grep -P -- "(^\h*install|\b$l_mname)\b"
<<< "$l_loadable")"
if ! grep -Pq -- '^\h*install \/bin\/(true|false)' <<< "$l_loadable"; then
echo -e "\n - setting module: \"$l_mname\" to be not loadable"
echo -e "install $l_mname /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
module_loaded_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loaded, unload the module
if lsmod | grep "$l_mname" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo -e "\n - unloading module \"$l_mname\""
modprobe -r "$l_mname"
fi
}
module_deny_fix()
{
# If the module isn't deny listed, denylist the module
if ! modprobe --showconfig | grep -Pq -- "^\h*blacklist\h+$l_mpname\b"; then
echo -e "\n - deny listing \"$l_mname\""
echo -e "blacklist $l_mname" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
# Check if the module exists on the system
for l_mdir in $l_mpath; do
if [ -d "$l_mdir/$l_mndir" ] && [ -n "$(ls -A $l_mdir/$l_mndir)" ]; then
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" exists in \"$l_mdir\"\n - checking if disabled..."
module_deny_fix
if [ "$l_mdir" = "/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/$l_mtype" ]; then
module_loadable_fix
module_loaded_fix
fi
else
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" doesn't exist in \"$l_mdir\"\n"
fi
done
echo -e "\n - remediation of module: \"$l_mname\" complete\n"
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- -- INFO --
- - module: "hfsplus" exists in:
- - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - module: "hfsplus" is not deny listed
- - module: "hfsplus" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus.ko
"
- - Correctly set:
- - module: "hfsplus" is not loaded
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.5_Ensure_mounting_of_hfsplus_filesystems_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.850-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994874_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l> - module: "hfsplus" exists in:</l>
<l> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "hfsplus" is not deny listed</l>
<l> - module: "hfsplus" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus.ko "</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "hfsplus" is not loaded</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li> - module: "hfsplus" exists in:</li>
<li> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs"</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "hfsplus" is not deny listed</li>
<li> - module: "hfsplus" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus.ko "</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "hfsplus" is not loaded</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.1.2 Configure /tmp
The /tmp directory is a world-writable directory used for temporary storage by all
users and some applications.
Fail1.1.2.1 Ensure /tmp is a separate partition
Description:
The
/tmp
directory is a world-writable directory used for temporary storage by all users and
some applications.
Making
/tmp
its own file system allows an administrator to set additional mount options such as
the
noexec
option on the mount, making
/tmp
useless for an attacker to install executable code. It would also prevent an attacker
from establishing a hard link to a system
setuid
program and wait for it to be updated. Once the program was updated, the hard link
would be broken and the attacker would have his own copy of the program. If the program
happened to have a security vulnerability, the attacker could continue to exploit
the known flaw.
This can be accomplished by either mounting
tmpfs
to
/tmp
, or creating a separate partition for
/tmp
.
For specific configuration requirements of the
/tmp
mount for your environment, modify
/etc/fstab
or
tmp.mount
unit file:
Using
/etc/fstab
:
Configure
/etc/fstab
as appropriate:
Example:
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
-OR-
Using a
tmp.mount
unit file:
Run the following command to create the tmp.mount file is the correct location:
# cp -v /usr/share/systemd/tmp.mount /etc/systemd/system/
Edit
/etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount
to configure the
/tmp
mount:
Example:
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
#
# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
[Unit]
Description=Temporary Directory (/tmp)
Documentation=https://systemd.io/TEMPORARY_DIRECTORIES
Documentation=man:file-hierarchy(7)
Documentation=https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/APIFileSystems
ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=!/tmp
DefaultDependencies=no
Conflicts=umount.target
Before=local-fs.target umount.target
After=swap.target
[Mount]
What=tmpfs
Where=/tmp
Type=tmpfs
Options=mode=1777,strictatime,nosuid,nodev,noexec
[Install]
WantedBy=local-fs.target
Run the following command to reload the systemd daemon with the updated tmp.mount
unit file:
# systemctl daemon-reload
Run the following command to enable and start tmp.mount
# systemctl --now enable tmp.mount
Note:
A reboot may be required to transition to
/tmp
mounted to
tmpfs
Impact:
Since the
/tmp
directory is intended to be world-writable, there is a risk of resource exhaustion
if it is not bound to a separate partition.
Running out of
/tmp
space is a problem regardless of what kind of filesystem lies under it, but in a configuration
where
/tmp
is not a separate file system it will essentially have the whole disk available, as
the default installation only creates a single
/
partition. On the other hand, a RAM-based
/tmp
(as with
tmpfs
) will almost certainly be much smaller, which can lead to applications filling up
the filesystem much more easily. Another alternative is to create a dedicated partition
for
/tmp
from a separate volume or disk. One of the downsides of a disk-based dedicated partition
is that it will be slower than
tmpfs
which is RAM-based.
/tmp
utilizing
tmpfs
can be resized using the
size={size}
parameter in the relevant entry in
/etc/fstab
.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /tmp and all |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2.1_Ensure_tmp_is_a_separate_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.851-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/APIFileSystems/</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-fstab-generator.html</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994881"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994881">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994881"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /tmp and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/APIFileSystems/
- URL: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-fstab-generator.html
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.2.2 Ensure nodev option set on /tmp partition
Description:
The
nodev
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.
Since the
/tmp
filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users
cannot create block or character special devices in
/tmp
.
Edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nodev
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/tmp
partition.
Example:
<device> /tmp <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/tmp
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /tmp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals
'nodev' (string) |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2.2_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.851-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994883"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994883">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994883"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nodev' (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.2.3 Ensure noexec option set on /tmp partition
Description:
The
noexec
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.
Since the
/tmp
filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure
that users cannot run executable binaries from
/tmp
.
Edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
noexec
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/tmp
partition.
Example:
<device> /tmp <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/tmp
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /tmp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /tmp may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2.3_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.852-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994885"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994885">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994885"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /tmp may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.2.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /tmp partition
Description:
The
nosuid
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain
setuid
files.
Since the
/tmp
filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure
that users cannot create
setuid
files in
/tmp
.
Edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nosuid
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/tmp
partition.
Example:
<device> /tmp <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/tmp
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /tmp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals
'nosuid' (string) |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.852-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994888"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994888">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994888"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nosuid' (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.1.3 Configure /var
The /var
directory is used by daemons and other system services to temporarily store dynamic
data. Some directories created by these processes may be world-writable.
Pass1.1.3.2 Ensure nodev option set on /var partition
Description:
The
nodev
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.
Since the
/var
filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users
cannot create block or character special devices in
/var
.
IF
the
/var
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nodev
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var
partition.
Example:
<device> /var <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var may exists and all have at least one partition option equals
'nodev' (string) |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.3.2_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_var_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.853-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994892"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994892">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994892"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nodev' (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.3.3 Ensure nosuid option set on /var partition
Description:
The
nosuid
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain
setuid
files.
Since the
/var
filesystem is only intended for variable files such as logs, set this option to ensure
that users cannot create
setuid
files in
/var
.
IF
the
/var
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nosuid
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var
partition.
Example:
<device> /var <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.3.3_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_var_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.853-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994895"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994895">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994895"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.1.4 Configure /var/tmp
The /var/tmp
directory is a world-writable directory used for temporary storage by all users and
some applications. Temporary files residing in
/var/tmp
are to be preserved between reboots.
Pass1.1.4.2 Ensure nodev option set on /var/tmp partition
Description:
The
nodev
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.
Since the
/var/tmp
filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users
cannot create block or character special devices in
/var/tmp
.
IF
the
/var/tmp
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nodev
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/tmp
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/tmp <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/tmp
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/tmp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4.2_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.853-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994900"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994900">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994900"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.4.3 Ensure noexec option set on /var/tmp partition
Description:
The
noexec
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.
Since the
/var/tmp
filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure
that users cannot run executable binaries from
/var/tmp
.
IF
the
/var/tmp
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
noexec
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/tmp
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/tmp <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/tmp
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/tmp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4.3_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.853-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994902"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994902">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994902"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.4.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /var/tmp partition
Description:
The
nosuid
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain
setuid
files.
Since the
/var/tmp
filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure
that users cannot create
setuid
files in
/var/tmp
.
IF
the
/var/tmp
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nosuid
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/tmp
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/tmp <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/tmp
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/tmp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.853-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994905"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994905">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994905"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.1.5 Configure /var/log
The /var/log
directory is used by system services to store log data.
Pass1.1.5.2 Ensure nodev option set on /var/log partition
Description:
The
nodev
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.
Since the
/var/log
filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users
cannot create block or character special devices in
/var/log
.
IF
the
/var/log
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nodev
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/log
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/log <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/log
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/log
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/log may exists and all have at least one partition option
equals 'nodev' (string) |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5.2_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_varlog_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994909"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994909">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994909"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/log may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nodev' (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.5.3 Ensure noexec option set on /var/log partition
Description:
The
noexec
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.
Since the
/var/log
filesystem is only intended for log files, set this option to ensure that users cannot
run executable binaries from
/var/log
.
IF
the
/var/log
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
noexec
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/log
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/log <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/log
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/log
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/log may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5.3_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_varlog_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994912"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994912">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994912"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/log may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.5.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /var/log partition
Description:
The
nosuid
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain
setuid
files.
Since the
/var/log
filesystem is only intended for log files, set this option to ensure that users cannot
create
setuid
files in
/var/log
.
IF
the
/var/log
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nosuid
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/log
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/log <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/log
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/log
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/log may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_varlog_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994916"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994916">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994916"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/log may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.1.6 Configure /var/log/audit
The auditing daemon,
auditd
, stores log data in the
/var/log/audit
directory.
Pass1.1.6.2 Ensure nodev option set on /var/log/audit partition
Description:
The
nodev
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.
Since the
/var/log/audit
filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users
cannot create block or character special devices in
/var/log/audit
.
IF
the
/var/log/audit
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nodev
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/log/audit
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/log/audit <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime
0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/log/audit
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/log/audit
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/log/audit may exists and all have at least one partition
option equals 'nodev' (string) |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.6.2_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_varlogaudit_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994922"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994922">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994922"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/log/audit may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nodev' (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.6.3 Ensure noexec option set on /var/log/audit partition
Description:
The
noexec
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.
Since the
/var/log/audit
filesystem is only intended for audit logs, set this option to ensure that users cannot
run executable binaries from
/var/log/audit
.
IF
the
/var/log/audit
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
noexec
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/log/audit <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime
0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/log/audit
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/log/audit
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/log/audit may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.6.3_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_varlogaudit_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-11</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994925"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994925">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994925"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/log/audit may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-11
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.6.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /var/log/audit partition
Description:
The
nosuid
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain
setuid
files.
Since the
/var/log/audit
filesystem is only intended for variable files such as logs, set this option to ensure
that users cannot create
setuid
files in
/var/log/audit
.
IF
the
/var/log/audit
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nosuid
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/var/log/audit
partition.
Example:
<device> /var/log/audit <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime
0 0
Run the following command to remount
/var/log/audit
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /var/log/audit
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /var/log/audit may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.6.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_varlogaudit_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994929"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994929">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994929"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /var/log/audit may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.1.7 Configure /home
Please note that home directories could be mounted anywhere and are not necessarily
restricted to
/home
nor restricted to a single location, nor is the name restricted in any way.
Checks can be made by looking in
/etc/passwd
, looking over the mounted file systems with
mount
or querying the relevant database with
getent
.
Pass1.1.7.2 Ensure nodev option set on /home partition
Description:
The
nodev
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.
Since the
/home
filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users
cannot create block or character special devices in
/home
.
IF
the
/home
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nodev
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/home
partition.
Example:
<device> /home <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/home
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /home
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /home may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.7.2_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_home_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994935"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994935">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994935"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /home may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.7.3 Ensure nosuid option set on /home partition
Description:
The
nosuid
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain
setuid
files.
Since the
/home
filesystem is only intended for user file storage, set this option to ensure that
users cannot create
setuid
files in
/home
.
IF
the
/home
partition exists, edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nosuid
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/home
partition.
Example:
<device> /home <fstype> defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/home
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /home
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /home may exists and all have at least one partition option equals
'nosuid' (string) |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.7.3_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_home_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.854-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994939"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994939">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994939"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /home may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nosuid' (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.1.8 Configure /dev/shm
Pass1.1.8.1 Ensure nodev option set on /dev/shm partition
Description:
The
nodev
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.
Since the
/dev/shm
filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users
cannot attempt to create special devices in
/dev/shm
partitions.
Edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nodev
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/dev/shm
partition. See the
fstab(5)
manual page for more information.
Example:
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/dev/shm
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /dev/shm
NOTE
It is recommended to use
tmpfs
as the device/filesystem type as
/dev/shm
is used as shared memory space by applications.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Partition Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Mount Point |
String |
Exists |
/dev/shm |
| Device |
String |
Exists |
shm |
| Uuid |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Fs Type |
String |
Exists |
tmpfs |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
rw |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
nosuid |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
nodev |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
noexec |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
relatime |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
size=65536k |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
uid=427680 |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
gid=427680 |
| Total Space |
Int |
Exists |
16384 |
| Space Used |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Space Left |
Int |
Exists |
16384 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8.1_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.855-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994943"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994943">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994943"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Partition Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Mount Point</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/dev/shm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Device</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>shm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uuid</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fs Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>tmpfs</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>rw</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>nosuid</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>nodev</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>noexec</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>relatime</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>size=65536k</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>uid=427680</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>gid=427680</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Total Space</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>16384</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Space Used</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Space Left</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>16384</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.8.2 Ensure noexec option set on /dev/shm partition
Description:
The
noexec
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.
Setting this option on a file system prevents users from executing programs from shared
memory. This deters users from introducing potentially malicious software on the system.
Edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
noexec
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/dev/shm
partition.
Example:
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/dev/shm
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /dev/shm
Note:
It is recommended to use
tmpfs
as the device/filesystem type as
/dev/shm
is used as shared memory space by applications.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Partition Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Mount Point |
String |
Exists |
/dev/shm |
| Device |
String |
Exists |
shm |
| Uuid |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Fs Type |
String |
Exists |
tmpfs |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
rw |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
nosuid |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
nodev |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
noexec |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
relatime |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
size=65536k |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
uid=427680 |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
gid=427680 |
| Total Space |
Int |
Exists |
16384 |
| Space Used |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Space Left |
Int |
Exists |
16384 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8.2_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.855-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994946"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994946">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994946"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Partition Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Mount Point</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/dev/shm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Device</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>shm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uuid</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fs Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>tmpfs</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>rw</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>nosuid</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>nodev</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>noexec</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>relatime</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>size=65536k</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>uid=427680</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>gid=427680</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Total Space</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>16384</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Space Used</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Space Left</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>16384</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.8.3 Ensure nosuid option set on /dev/shm partition
Description:
The
nosuid
mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain
setuid
files.
Setting this option on a file system prevents users from introducing privileged programs
onto the system and allowing non-root users to execute them.
Edit the
/etc/fstab
file and add
nosuid
to the fourth field (mounting options) for the
/dev/shm
partition. See the
fstab(5)
manual page for more information.
Example:
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
Run the following command to remount
/dev/shm
with the configured options:
# mount -o remount /dev/shm
Note:
It is recommended to use
tmpfs
as the device/filesystem type as
/dev/shm
is used as shared memory space by applications.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Partition Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Mount Point |
String |
Exists |
/dev/shm |
| Device |
String |
Exists |
shm |
| Uuid |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Fs Type |
String |
Exists |
tmpfs |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
rw |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
nosuid |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
nodev |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
noexec |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
relatime |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
size=65536k |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
uid=427680 |
| Mount Options |
String |
Exists |
gid=427680 |
| Total Space |
Int |
Exists |
16384 |
| Space Used |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Space Left |
Int |
Exists |
16384 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8.3_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.855-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994949"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994949">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994949"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Partition Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Mount Point</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/dev/shm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Device</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>shm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uuid</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fs Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>tmpfs</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>rw</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>nosuid</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>nodev</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>noexec</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>relatime</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>size=65536k</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>uid=427680</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Mount Options</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>gid=427680</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Total Space</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>16384</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Space Used</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Space Left</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>16384</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.1.9 Disable Automounting
Description:
autofs
allows automatic mounting of devices, typically including CD/DVDs and USB drives.
With automounting enabled anyone with physical access could attach a USB drive or
disc and have its contents available in the filesystem even if they lacked permissions
to mount it themselves.
If there are no other packages that depends on
autofs
, remove the package with:
# apt purge autofs
-OR-
if there are dependencies on the autofs package:
Run the following commands to mask
autofs
:
# systemctl stop autofs
# systemctl mask autofs
Impact:
The use of portable hard drives is very common for workstation users. If your organization
allows the use of portable storage or media on workstations and physical access controls
to workstations are considered adequate there is little value add in turning off automounting.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'autofs.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal 'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
autofs.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'autofs' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.9_Disable_Automounting"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.855-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/10/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-3, MP-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994953"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994953_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994953"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994953">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994953"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'autofs.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>autofs.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994956"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994956">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994956"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'autofs' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-3, MP-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points
in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating
of defense, data gathering, and corrective action. |
| Subcontrol: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Configure Devices Not To Auto-Run Content |
| Description: |
Configure devices to not auto-run content from removable media. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 10: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Prevent or control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious applications,
code, or scripts on enterprise assets. |
| Safeguard: |
10.3 |
| Label: |
Disable Autorun and Autoplay for Removable Media |
| Description: |
Disable autorun and autoplay auto-execute functionality for removable media. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.1.10 Disable USB Storage
Description:
USB storage provides a means to transfer and store files insuring persistence and
availability of the files independent of network connection status. Its popularity
and utility has led to USB-based malware being a simple and common means for network
infiltration and a first step to establishing a persistent threat within a networked
environment.
Restricting USB access on the system will decrease the physical attack surface for
a device and diminish the possible vectors to introduce malware.
Run the following script to disable the
cramfs
module:
If the module is available in the running kernel:
-
Create a file with
install usb-storage /bin/false
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Create a file with
blacklist usb-storage
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
-
Unload
usb-storage
from the kernel
If available in ANY installed kernel:
-
Create a file with
blacklist usb-storage
in the
/etc/modprobe.d/
directory
If the kernel module is not available on the system:
- No remediation is necessary
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_mname="usb-storage" # set module name
l_mtype="drivers" # set module type
l_mpath="/lib/modules/**/kernel/$l_mtype"
l_mpname="$(tr '-' '_' <<< "$l_mname")"
l_mndir="$(tr '-' '/' <<< "$l_mname")"
module_loadable_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loadable, add "install {MODULE_NAME} /bin/false" to a
file in "/etc/modprobe.d"
l_loadable="$(modprobe -n -v "$l_mname")"
[ "$(wc -l <<< "$l_loadable")" -gt "1" ] && l_loadable="$(grep -P -- "(^\h*install|\b$l_mname)\b"
<<< "$l_loadable")"
if ! grep -Pq -- '^\h*install \/bin\/(true|false)' <<< "$l_loadable"; then
echo -e "\n - setting module: \"$l_mname\" to be not loadable"
echo -e "install $l_mname /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
module_loaded_fix()
{
# If the module is currently loaded, unload the module
if lsmod | grep "$l_mname" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo -e "\n - unloading module \"$l_mname\""
modprobe -r "$l_mname"
fi
}
module_deny_fix()
{
# If the module isn't deny listed, denylist the module
if ! modprobe --showconfig | grep -Pq -- "^\h*blacklist\h+$l_mpname\b"; then
echo -e "\n - deny listing \"$l_mname\""
echo -e "blacklist $l_mname" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mpname".conf
fi
}
# Check if the module exists on the system
for l_mdir in $l_mpath; do
if [ -d "$l_mdir/$l_mndir" ] && [ -n "$(ls -A $l_mdir/$l_mndir)" ]; then
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" exists in \"$l_mdir\"\n - checking if disabled..."
module_deny_fix
if [ "$l_mdir" = "/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel/$l_mtype" ]; then
module_loadable_fix
module_loaded_fix
fi
else
echo -e "\n - module: \"$l_mname\" doesn't exist in \"$l_mdir\"\n"
fi
done
echo -e "\n - remediation of module: \"$l_mname\" complete\n"
}
Impact:
Disabling the
usb-storage
module will disable any usage of USB storage devices.
If requirements and local site policy allow the use of such devices, other solutions
should be configured accordingly instead. One example of a commonly used solution
is
USBGuard
.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- -- INFO --
- - module: "usb-storage" exists in:
- - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/drivers"
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - module: "usb-storage" is not deny listed
- - module: "usb-storage" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko
"
- - Correctly set:
- - module: "usb-storage" is not loaded
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.10_Disable_USB_Storage"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.855-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/10/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/13/subcontrol/7"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994958_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l> - module: "usb-storage" exists in:</l>
<l> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/drivers"</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "usb-storage" is not deny listed</l>
<l> - module: "usb-storage" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko "</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - module: "usb-storage" is not loaded</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_module_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li> - module: "usb-storage" exists in:</li>
<li> - "/lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/drivers"</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "usb-storage" is not deny listed</li>
<li> - module: "usb-storage" is loadable: "insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1106-gcp/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko "</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - module: "usb-storage" is not loaded</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-3
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points
in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating
of defense, data gathering, and corrective action. |
| Subcontrol: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Configure Devices Not To Auto-Run Content |
| Description: |
Configure devices to not auto-run content from removable media. |
- Control 13: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to prevent data exfiltration, mitigate the effects of
exfiltrated data, and ensure the privacy and integrity of sensitive information. |
| Subcontrol: |
13.7 |
| Label: |
Manage USB Devices |
| Description: |
If USB storage devices are required, enterprise software should be used that can configure
systems to allow the use of specific devices. An inventory of such devices should
be maintained. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 10: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Prevent or control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious applications,
code, or scripts on enterprise assets. |
| Safeguard: |
10.3 |
| Label: |
Disable Autorun and Autoplay for Removable Media |
| Description: |
Disable autorun and autoplay auto-execute functionality for removable media. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.2 Filesystem Integrity Checking
AIDE is a file integrity checking tool, similar in nature to Tripwire. While it cannot
prevent intrusions, it can detect unauthorized changes to configuration files by alerting
when the files are changed. When setting up AIDE, decide internally what the site
policy will be concerning integrity checking. Review the AIDE quick start guide and
AIDE documentation before proceeding.
Fail1.2.1 Ensure AIDE is installed
Description:
AIDE takes a snapshot of filesystem state including modification times, permissions,
and file hashes which can then be used to compare against the current state of the
filesystem to detect modifications to the system.
By monitoring the filesystem state compromised files can be detected to prevent or
limit the exposure of accidental or malicious misconfigurations or modified binaries.
Install AIDE using the appropriate package manager or manual installation:
# apt install aide aide-common
Configure AIDE as appropriate for your environment. Consult the AIDE documentation
for options.
Run the following commands to initialize AIDE:
# aideinit
# mv /var/lib/aide/aide.db.new /var/lib/aide/aide.db
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'aide' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'aide-common' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.1_Ensure_AIDE_is_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.855-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/9"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/14"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994962"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994962">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994962"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'aide' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994964"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994964">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994964"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'aide-common' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.9 |
| Label: |
Enforce Detail Logging for Access or Changes to Sensitive Data |
| Description: |
Enforce detailed audit logging for access to sensitive data or changes to sensitive
data (utilizing tools such as File Integrity Monitoring or Security Information and
Event Monitoring). |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.14 |
| Label: |
Log Sensitive Data Access |
| Description: |
Log sensitive data access, including modification and disposal. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-3 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Fail1.2.2 Ensure filesystem integrity is regularly checked
Description:
Periodic checking of the filesystem integrity is needed to detect changes to the filesystem.
Periodic file checking allows the system administrator to determine on a regular basis
if critical files have been changed in an unauthorized fashion.
If cron will be used to schedule and run aide check:
Run the following command:
# crontab -u root -e
Add the following line to the crontab:
0 5 * * * /usr/bin/aide.wrapper --config /etc/aide/aide.conf --check
OR
If aidecheck.service and aidecheck.timer will be used to schedule and run aide check:
Create or edit the file
/etc/systemd/system/aidecheck.service
and add the following lines:
[Unit]
Description=Aide Check
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/bin/aide.wrapper --config /etc/aide/aide.conf --check
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Create or edit the file
/etc/systemd/system/aidecheck.timer
and add the following lines:
[Unit]
Description=Aide check every day at 5AM
[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-* 05:00:00
Unit=aidecheck.service
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Run the following commands:
# chown root:root /etc/systemd/system/aidecheck.*
# chmod 0644 /etc/systemd/system/aidecheck.*
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable aidecheck.service
# systemctl --now enable aidecheck.timer
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /var/spool/cron/ exists and matches pattern
^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.d exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.hourly exists and matches pattern
^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.daily exists and matches pattern
^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.weekly exists and matches pattern
^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.monthly exists and matches pattern
^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.daily/ exists and matches pattern
^([^#\n\r]+\h+)?(\/usr\/s?bin\/|^\h*)aide(\.wrapper)?\h+(--check|([^#\n\r]+\h+)?\$AIDEARGS)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'aidecheck.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals enabled |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
aidecheck.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'aidecheck.timer' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals enabled |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
aidecheck.timer |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'aidecheck.timer' unit 'Unit' property equals 'aidecheck.service' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
aidecheck.timer |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
Unit |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named aidecheck.service in /etc/systemd/system/ exists
and matches pattern ^\s*ExecStart=([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.2_Ensure_filesystem_integrity_is_regularly_checked"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.856-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/9"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/config/aidecheck.service</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/config/aidecheck.timer</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994966"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994966">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994966"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /var/spool/cron/ exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994970"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994970">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994970"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994973"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994973">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994973"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.d exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994975"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994975">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994975"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.hourly exists and matches pattern ^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994978"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994978">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994978"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.daily exists and matches pattern ^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994981"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994981">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994981"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.weekly exists and matches pattern ^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994984"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994984">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994984"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.monthly exists and matches pattern ^\s*([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995001"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995001">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995001"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.daily/ exists and matches pattern ^([^#\n\r]+\h+)?(\/usr\/s?bin\/|^\h*)aide(\.wrapper)?\h+(--check|([^#\n\r]+\h+)?\$AIDEARGS)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994987"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994987_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994987"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994987">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994987"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'aidecheck.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals enabled</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>aidecheck.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994991"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994991_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994991"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994991">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994991"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'aidecheck.timer' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals enabled</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>aidecheck.timer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994994"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994994_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994994"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994994">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994994"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'aidecheck.timer' unit 'Unit' property equals 'aidecheck.service'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>aidecheck.timer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>Unit</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994997"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994997">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994997"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named aidecheck.service in /etc/systemd/system/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*ExecStart=([^#]+\s+)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\b.*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/config/aidecheck.service
- URL: https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/config/aidecheck.timer
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.9 |
| Label: |
Enforce Detail Logging for Access or Changes to Sensitive Data |
| Description: |
Enforce detailed audit logging for access to sensitive data or changes to sensitive
data (utilizing tools such as File Integrity Monitoring or Security Information and
Event Monitoring). |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Collect Detailed Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Configure detailed audit logging for enterprise assets containing sensitive data.
Include event source, date, username, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses,
and other useful elements that could assist in a forensic investigation. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
1.3 Configure Software and Patch Management
Outdated software is vulnerable to cyber criminals and hackers. Software updates
help reduce the risk to your organization. The release of software update notes often
reveal the patched exploitable entry points to the public. Public knowledge of these
exploits cans your organization more vulnerable to malicious actors attempting to
gain entry to your system's data.
Software updates often offer new and improved features and speed enhancements
Manual1.3.1 Ensure updates, patches, and additional security software are installed
Description:
Periodically patches are released for included software either due to security flaws
or to include additional functionality.
Newer patches may contain security enhancements that would not be available through
the latest full update. As a result, it is recommended that the latest software patches
be used to take advantage of the latest functionality. As with any software installation,
organizations need to determine if a given update meets their requirements and verify
the compatibility and supportability of any additional software against the update
revision that is selected.
Run the following command to update all packages following local site policy guidance
on applying updates and patches:
# apt upgrade
OR
# apt dist-upgrade
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.1_Ensure_updates_patches_and_additional_security_software_are_installed"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.856-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/7/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-2</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify
vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
3.4 |
| Label: |
Deploy Automated Operating System Patch Management Tools |
| Description: |
Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that the operating systems
are running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor. |
- Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify
vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
3.5 |
| Label: |
Deploy Automated Software Patch Management Tools |
| Description: |
Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that third-party software
on all systems is running the most recent security updates provided by the software
vendor. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 7: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop a plan to continuously assess and track vulnerabilities on all enterprise
assets within the enterprise's infrastructure, in order to remediate, and minimize,
the window of opportunity for attackers. Monitor public and private industry sources
for new threat and vulnerability information. |
| Safeguard: |
7.3 |
| Label: |
Perform Automated Operating System Patch Management |
| Description: |
Perform operating system updates on enterprise assets through automated patch management
on a monthly, or more frequent, basis. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual1.3.2 Ensure package manager repositories are configured
Description:
Systems need to have package manager repositories configured to ensure they receive
the latest patches and updates.
If a system's package repositories are misconfigured important patches may not be
identified or a rogue repository could introduce compromised software.
Configure your package manager repositories according to site policy.
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.2_Ensure_package_manager_repositories_are_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.856-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/7/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-2</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify
vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
3.4 |
| Label: |
Deploy Automated Operating System Patch Management Tools |
| Description: |
Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that the operating systems
are running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor. |
- Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify
vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
3.5 |
| Label: |
Deploy Automated Software Patch Management Tools |
| Description: |
Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that third-party software
on all systems is running the most recent security updates provided by the software
vendor. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 7: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop a plan to continuously assess and track vulnerabilities on all enterprise
assets within the enterprise's infrastructure, in order to remediate, and minimize,
the window of opportunity for attackers. Monitor public and private industry sources
for new threat and vulnerability information. |
| Safeguard: |
7.3 |
| Label: |
Perform Automated Operating System Patch Management |
| Description: |
Perform operating system updates on enterprise assets through automated patch management
on a monthly, or more frequent, basis. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual1.3.3 Ensure GPG keys are configured
Description:
Most packages managers implement GPG key signing to verify package integrity during
installation.
It is important to ensure that updates are obtained from a valid source to protect
against spoofing that could lead to the inadvertent installation of malware on the
system.
Update your package manager GPG keys in accordance with site policy.
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.3_Ensure_GPG_keys_are_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.856-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/7/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-2</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify
vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
3.4 |
| Label: |
Deploy Automated Operating System Patch Management Tools |
| Description: |
Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that the operating systems
are running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor. |
- Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify
vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
3.5 |
| Label: |
Deploy Automated Software Patch Management Tools |
| Description: |
Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that third-party software
on all systems is running the most recent security updates provided by the software
vendor. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 7: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop a plan to continuously assess and track vulnerabilities on all enterprise
assets within the enterprise's infrastructure, in order to remediate, and minimize,
the window of opportunity for attackers. Monitor public and private industry sources
for new threat and vulnerability information. |
| Safeguard: |
7.3 |
| Label: |
Perform Automated Operating System Patch Management |
| Description: |
Perform operating system updates on enterprise assets through automated patch management
on a monthly, or more frequent, basis. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.4 Secure Boot Settings
The recommendations in this section focus on securing the bootloader and settings
involved in the boot process directly.
Fail1.4.1 Ensure bootloader password is set
Description:
Setting the boot loader password will require that anyone rebooting the system must
enter a password before being able to set command line boot parameters
Requiring a boot password upon execution of the boot loader will prevent an unauthorized
user from entering boot parameters or changing the boot partition. This prevents users
from weakening security (e.g. turning off AppArmor at boot time).
Create an encrypted password with
grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2
:
# grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2
Enter password: <password>
Reenter password: <password>
PBKDF2 hash of your password is <encrypted-password>
Add the following into a custom
/etc/grub.d
configuration file:
cat <<EOF
set superusers="<username>"
password_pbkdf2 <username> <encrypted-password>
EOF
The superuser/user information and password should not be contained in the
/etc/grub.d/00_header
file as this file could be overwritten in a package update.
If there is a requirement to be able to boot/reboot without entering the password,
edit
/etc/grub.d/10_linux
and add
--unrestricted
to the line
CLASS=
Example:
CLASS="--class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted"
Run the following command to update the
grub2
configuration:
# update-grub
Impact:
If password protection is enabled, only the designated superuser can edit a GRUB 2
menu item by pressing "e" or access the GRUB 2 command line by pressing "c"
If GRUB 2 is set up to boot automatically to a password-protected menu entry the user
has no option to back out of the password prompt to select another menu entry. Holding
the SHIFT key will not display the menu in this case. The user must enter the correct
username and password. If unable to do so, the configuration files will have to be
edited via a LiveCD or other means to fix the problem
You can add
--unrestricted
to the menu entries to allow the system to boot without entering a password. A password
will still be required to edit menu items.
More Information:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Passwords
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*set\s+superusers\s*=\s*"[^"]*"\s*(\s+#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*password_pbkdf2\s+\S+\s+\S+\s*(\s+#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.1_Ensure_bootloader_password_is_set"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.856-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995006"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995006">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995006"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*set\s+superusers\s*=\s*"[^"]*"\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995010"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995010">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995010"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*password_pbkdf2\s+\S+\s+\S+\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.4.2 Ensure permissions on bootloader config are configured
Description:
The grub configuration file contains information on boot settings and passwords for
unlocking boot options.
Setting the permissions to read and write for root only prevents non-root users from
seeing the boot parameters or changing them. Non-root users who read the boot parameters
may be able to identify weaknesses in security upon boot and be able to exploit them.
Run the following commands to set permissions on your grub configuration:
# chown root:root /boot/grub/grub.cfg
# chmod u-x,go-rwx /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and is owned by 0:0 and
does not have permissions --xrwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.2_Ensure_permissions_on_bootloader_config_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.857-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:4080492"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:4080492">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:4080492"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.4.3 Ensure authentication required for single user mode
Description:
Single user mode is used for recovery when the system detects an issue during boot
or by manual selection from the bootloader.
Requiring authentication in single user mode prevents an unauthorized user from rebooting
the system into single user to gain root privileges without credentials.
Run the following command and follow the prompts to set a password for the
root
user:
# passwd root
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure usernames equals root have shadow parameter password Pattern Match ^\$(y|[56]|g)
(string) |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Shadow Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Username |
String |
Exists |
root |
| Password |
String |
Exists |
$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Chg Lst |
Int |
Exists |
19753 |
| Chg Allow |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Chg Req |
Int |
Exists |
99999 |
| Exp Warn |
Int |
Exists |
7 |
| Exp Inact |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Exp Date |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Flag |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Encrypt Method |
String |
Exists |
SHA-512 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.3_Ensure_authentication_required_for_single_user_mode"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.857-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995019"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995019_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995019"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995019">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995019"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure usernames equals root have shadow parameter password Pattern Match ^\$(y|[56]|g) (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Shadow Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Username</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Password</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Lst</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>19753</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Allow</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Req</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>99999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Warn</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Inact</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Date</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flag</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encrypt Method</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>SHA-512</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.5 Additional Process Hardening
Pass1.5.1 Ensure prelink is not installed
Description:
prelink
is a program that modifies ELF shared libraries and ELF dynamically linked binaries
in such a way that the time needed for the dynamic linker to perform relocations at
startup significantly decreases.
The prelinking feature can interfere with the operation of AIDE, because it changes
binaries. Prelinking can also increase the vulnerability of the system if a malicious
user is able to compromise a common library such as libc.
Run the following command to restore binaries to normal:
# prelink -ua
Uninstall
prelink
using the appropriate package manager or manual installation:
# apt purge prelink
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'prelink' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.1_Ensure_prelink_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.857-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/9"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/14"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-1, CM-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995023"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995023">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995023"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'prelink' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-1, CM-3
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.9 |
| Label: |
Enforce Detail Logging for Access or Changes to Sensitive Data |
| Description: |
Enforce detailed audit logging for access to sensitive data or changes to sensitive
data (utilizing tools such as File Integrity Monitoring or Security Information and
Event Monitoring). |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.14 |
| Label: |
Log Sensitive Data Access |
| Description: |
Log sensitive data access, including modification and disposal. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-3 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Fail1.5.2 Ensure address space layout randomization (ASLR) is enabled
Description:
Address space layout randomization (ASLR) is an exploit mitigation technique which
randomly arranges the address space of key data areas of a process.
Randomly placing virtual memory regions will make it difficult to write memory page
exploits as the memory placement will be consistently shifting.
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- kernel.randomize_va_space = 2
Example:
# printf "
kernel.randomize_va_space = 2
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-kernel_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameter:
# sysctl -w kernel.randomize_va_space=2
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "kernel.randomize_va_space" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "kernel.randomize_va_space" May be set in a file that's ignored by load
procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "kernel.randomize_va_space" is correctly set to "2" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.2_Ensure_address_space_layout_randomization_ASLR_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.857-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/10/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/man5/sysctl.d.5.html</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">CCI-000366: The organization implements the security configuration settings</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995027_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "kernel.randomize_va_space" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "kernel.randomize_va_space" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "kernel.randomize_va_space" is correctly set to "2" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "kernel.randomize_va_space" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "kernel.randomize_va_space" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "kernel.randomize_va_space" is correctly set to "2" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/man5/sysctl.d.5.html
- URL: CCI-000366: The organization implements the security configuration settings
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points
in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating
of defense, data gathering, and corrective action. |
| Subcontrol: |
8.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Operating System Anti-Exploitation Features/ Deploy Anti-Exploit Technologies |
| Description: |
Enable anti-exploitation features such as Data Execution Prevention (DEP) or Address
Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) that are available in an operating system or deploy
appropriate toolkits that can be configured to apply protection to a broader set of
applications and executables. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 10: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Prevent or control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious applications,
code, or scripts on enterprise assets. |
| Safeguard: |
10.5 |
| Label: |
Enable Anti-Exploitation Features |
| Description: |
Enable anti-exploitation features on enterprise assets and software, where possible,
such as Microsoft® Data Execution Prevention (DEP), Windows® Defender Exploit Guard
(WDEG), or Apple® System Integrity Protection (SIP) and Gatekeeper™. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.5.3 Ensure ptrace_scope is restricted
Description:
The ptrace()
system call provides a means by which one process (the "tracer") may observe and control
the execution of another process (the "tracee"), and examine and change the tracee's
memory and registers.
If one application is compromised, it would be possible for an attacker to attach
to other running processes (e.g. Bash, Firefox, SSH sessions, GPG agent, etc) to extract
additional credentials and continue to expand the scope of their attack.
Enabling restricted mode will limit the ability of a compromised process to PTRACE_ATTACH
on other processes running under the same user. With restricted mode, ptrace will
continue to work with root user.
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- kernel.yama.ptrace_scope = 1
Example:
# printf "
kernel.yama.ptrace_scope = 1
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-kernel_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameter:
# sysctl -w kernel.yama.ptrace_scope=1
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration
- - "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" is correctly set to "1" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-ptrace.conf"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.3_Ensure_ptrace_scope_is_restricted"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.857-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/security/Yama.txt</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://github.com/raj3shp/termspy</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995030_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l/>
<l> - "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</l>
<l> - "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" is correctly set to "1" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-ptrace.conf"</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li/>
<li> - "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</li>
<li> - "kernel.yama.ptrace_scope" is correctly set to "1" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-ptrace.conf"</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/security/Yama.txt
- URL: https://github.com/raj3shp/termspy
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.5.4 Ensure Automatic Error Reporting is not enabled
Description:
The Apport Error Reporting Service automatically generates crash reports for debugging
Apport collects potentially sensitive data, such as core dumps, stack traces, and
log files. They can contain passwords, credit card numbers, serial numbers, and other
private material.
Edit
/etc/default/apport
and add or edit the enabled parameter to equal
0
:
enabled=0
Run the following commands to stop and disable the apport service
# systemctl stop apport.service
# systemctl --now disable apport.service
-- OR --
Run the following command to remove the apport package:
# apt purge apport
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/default/apport exists and matches pattern ^\h*enabled\h*=\h*0\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'apport.service' unit 'ActiveState' property not equal 'active' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
apport.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'apport' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.4_Ensure_Automatic_Error_Reporting_is_not_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.857-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995034"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995034">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995034"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/default/apport exists and matches pattern ^\h*enabled\h*=\h*0\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995038"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995038_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995038"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995038">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995038"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'apport.service' unit 'ActiveState' property not equal 'active'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>apport.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995042"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995042">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995042"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'apport' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.5.5 Ensure core dumps are restricted
Description:
A core dump is the memory of an executable program. It is generally used to determine
why a program aborted. It can also be used to glean confidential information from
a core file. The system provides the ability to set a soft limit for core dumps, but
this can be overridden by the user.
Setting a hard limit on core dumps prevents users from overriding the soft variable.
If core dumps are required, consider setting limits for user groups (see
limits.conf(5)
). In addition, setting the
fs.suid_dumpable
variable to 0 will prevent setuid programs from dumping core.
Add the following line to
/etc/security/limits.conf
or a
/etc/security/limits.d/*
file:
* hard core 0
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
Example:
# printf "
fs.suid_dumpable = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-fs_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameter:
# sysctl -w fs.suid_dumpable=0
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
-IF-
systemd-coredump is installed:
edit
/etc/systemd/coredump.conf
and add/modify the following lines:
Storage=none
ProcessSizeMax=0
Run the command:
systemctl daemon-reload
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/limits.conf exists and matches pattern
^\h*\*\h+hard\h+core\h+0\b(\h*#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/security/limits.d exists and matches
pattern ^\h*\*\h+hard\h+core\h+0\b(\h*#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "fs.suid_dumpable" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration and should
have a value of: "0"
- - "fs.suid_dumpable" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "fs.suid_dumpable" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure
**
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.5_Ensure_core_dumps_are_restricted"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.857-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995046"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995046">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995046"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/limits.conf exists and matches pattern ^\h*\*\h+hard\h+core\h+0\b(\h*#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995049"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995049">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995049"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/security/limits.d exists and matches pattern ^\h*\*\h+hard\h+core\h+0\b(\h*#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995053_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "fs.suid_dumpable" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "fs.suid_dumpable" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "fs.suid_dumpable" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "fs.suid_dumpable" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "fs.suid_dumpable" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "fs.suid_dumpable" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
1.6 Mandatory Access Control
Mandatory Access Control (MAC) provides an additional layer of access restrictions
to processes on top of the base Discretionary Access Controls. By restricting how
processes can access files and resources on a system the potential impact from vulnerabilities
in the processes can be reduced.
Impact:
Mandatory Access Control limits the capabilities of applications and daemons on a
system, while this can prevent unauthorized access the configuration of MAC can be
complex and difficult to implement correctly preventing legitimate access from occurring.
Note:
- Apparmor is the default MAC provided with Debian-based systems.
- Additional Mandatory Access Control systems to include SELinux exist. If a different
Mandatory Access Control systems is used, please follow it's vendors guidance for
proper implementation in place of the guidance provided in this section
1.6.1 Configure AppArmor
AppArmor provides a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) system that greatly augments the
default Discretionary Access Control (DAC) model. Under AppArmor MAC rules are applied
by file paths instead of by security contexts as in other MAC systems. As such it
does not require support in the filesystem and can be applied to network mounted filesystems
for example. AppArmor security policies define what system resources applications
can access and what privileges they can do so with. This automatically limits the
damage that the software can do to files accessible by the calling user. The user
does not need to take any action to gain this benefit. For an action to occur, both
the traditional DAC permissions must be satisfied as well as the AppArmor MAC rules.
The action will not be allowed if either one of these models does not permit the action.
In this way, AppArmor rules can only make a system's permissions more restrictive
and secure.
References:
-
AppArmor Documentation:
http://wiki.apparmor.net/index.php/Documentation
-
Ubuntu AppArmor Documentation:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AppArmor
-
SUSE AppArmor Documentation:
https://www.suse.com/documentation/apparmor/
Fail1.6.1.1 Ensure AppArmor is installed
Description:
AppArmor provides Mandatory Access Controls.
Without a Mandatory Access Control system installed only the default Discretionary
Access Control system will be available.
Install AppArmor.
# apt install apparmor apparmor-utils
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'apparmor' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'apparmor-utils' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1.1_Ensure_AppArmor_is_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995058"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995058">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995058"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'apparmor' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995061"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995061">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995061"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'apparmor-utils' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.6.1.2 Ensure AppArmor is enabled in the bootloader configuration
Description:
Configure AppArmor to be enabled at boot time and verify that it has not been overwritten
by the bootloader boot parameters.
Note: This recommendation is designed around the grub bootloader, if LILO or another
bootloader is in use in your environment enact equivalent settings.
AppArmor must be enabled at boot time in your bootloader configuration to ensure that
the controls it provides are not overridden.
Edit
/etc/default/grub
and add the
apparmor=1
and
security=apparmor
parameters to the
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=
line
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="apparmor=1 security=apparmor"
Run the following command to update the
grub2
configuration:
# update-grub
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match apparmor=1 (string) |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match security=apparmor (string) |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1.2_Ensure_AppArmor_is_enabled_in_the_bootloader_configuration"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995064"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_39950641_var"/>
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:39950642"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_39950642_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995064"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995064">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995064"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match apparmor=1 (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995069"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_39950691_var"/>
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:39950692"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_39950692_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995069"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995069">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995069"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match security=apparmor (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail1.6.1.3 Ensure all AppArmor Profiles are in enforce or complain mode
Description:
AppArmor profiles define what resources applications are able to access.
Security configuration requirements vary from site to site. Some sites may mandate
a policy that is stricter than the default policy, which is perfectly acceptable.
This item is intended to ensure that any policies that exist on the system are activated.
Run the following command to set all profiles to enforce mode:
# aa-enforce /etc/apparmor.d/*
OR
Run the following command to set all profiles to complain mode:
# aa-complain /etc/apparmor.d/*
Note: Any unconfined processes may need to have a profile created or activated for
them and then be restarted
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_apparmor_profiles_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - Command "apparmor_status" doesn't exist.
- - Confirm AppArmor is installed
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1.3_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_in_enforce_or_complain_mode"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995072_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_apparmor_profiles_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_apparmor_profiles_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_apparmor_profiles_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - Command "apparmor_status" doesn't exist.</l>
<l> - Confirm AppArmor is installed</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_apparmor_profiles_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - Command "apparmor_status" doesn't exist.</li>
<li> - Confirm AppArmor is installed</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.7 Command Line Warning Banners
Presenting a warning message prior to the normal user login may assist in the prosecution
of trespassers on the computer system. Changing some of these login banners also has
the side effect of hiding OS version information and other detailed system information
from attackers attempting to target specific exploits at a system. The
/etc/motd
, /etc/issue
, and /etc/issue.net
files govern warning banners for standard command line logins for both local and remote
users.
Guidelines published by the US Department of Defense require that warning messages
include at least the name of the organization that owns the system, the fact that
the system is subject to monitoring and that such monitoring is in compliance with
local statutes, and that use of the system implies consent to such monitoring. It
is important that the organization's legal counsel review the content of all messages
before any system modifications are made, as these warning messages are inherently
site-specific. More information (including citations of relevant case law) can be
found at http://www.justice.gov/criminal/cybercrime/
Note: The text provided in the remediation actions for these items is intended as
an example only. Please edit to include the specific text for your organization as
approved by your legal department
Pass1.7.1 Ensure message of the day is configured properly
Description:
The contents of the
/etc/motd
file are displayed to users after login and function as a message of the day for authenticated
users.
Unix-based systems have typically displayed information about the OS release and patch
level upon logging in to the system. This information can be useful to developers
who are developing software for a particular OS platform. If
mingetty(8)
supports the following options, they display operating system information:
\m
- machine architecture
\r
- operating system release
\s
- operating system name
\v
- operating system version
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal
status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns
the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. Displaying OS and patch
level information in login banners also has the side effect of providing detailed
system information to attackers attempting to target specific exploits of a system.
Authorized users can easily get this information by running the "
uname -a
" command once they have logged in.
Edit the
/etc/motd
file with the appropriate contents according to your site policy, remove any instances
of
\m
,
\r
,
\s
,
\v
or references to the
OS platform
. Add or update the message text to follow local site policy.
Example Text:
# echo "Authorized use only. All activity may be monitored and reported." > /etc/issue.net
--
OR
--
If the motd is not used, this file can be removed.
Run the following command to remove the motd file:
# rm /etc/motd
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/wbmotd.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- Warning Banner "/etc/motd" passed
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1_Ensure_message_of_the_day_is_configured_properly"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/wbmotd.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/wbmotd.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/wbmotd.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l>Warning Banner "/etc/motd" passed</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/wbmotd.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Warning Banner "/etc/motd" passed</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-3
Fail1.7.2 Ensure local login warning banner is configured properly
Description:
The contents of the
/etc/issue
file are displayed to users prior to login for local terminals.
Unix-based systems have typically displayed information about the OS release and patch
level upon logging in to the system. This information can be useful to developers
who are developing software for a particular OS platform. If
mingetty(8)
supports the following options, they display operating system information:
\m
- machine architecture
\r
- operating system release
\s
- operating system name
\v
- operating system version - or the operating system's name
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal
status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns
the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. Displaying OS and patch
level information in login banners also has the side effect of providing detailed
system information to attackers attempting to target specific exploits of a system.
Authorized users can easily get this information by running the "
uname -a
" command once they have logged in.
Edit the
/etc/issue
file with the appropriate contents according to your site policy, remove any instances
of
\m
,
\r
,
\s
,
\v
or references to the
OS platform
. Add or update the message text to follow local site policy.
Example Text:
# echo "Authorized use only. All activity may be monitored and reported." > /etc/issue.net
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/wbissue.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.2_Ensure_local_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/wbissue.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/wbissue.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/wbissue.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Warning Banner contains: </l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/wbissue.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Warning Banner contains: </li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
Fail1.7.3 Ensure remote login warning banner is configured properly
Description:
The contents of the
/etc/issue.net
file are displayed to users prior to login for remote connections from configured
services.
Unix-based systems have typically displayed information about the OS release and patch
level upon logging in to the system. This information can be useful to developers
who are developing software for a particular OS platform. If
mingetty(8)
supports the following options, they display operating system information:
\m
- machine architecture
\r
- operating system release
\s
- operating system name
\v
- operating system version
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal
status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns
the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. Displaying OS and patch
level information in login banners also has the side effect of providing detailed
system information to attackers attempting to target specific exploits of a system.
Authorized users can easily get this information by running the "
uname -a
" command once they have logged in.
Edit the
/etc/issue.net
file with the appropriate contents according to your site policy, remove any instances
of
\m
,
\r
,
\s
,
\v
or references to the
OS platform
. Add or update the message text to follow local site policy.
Example Text:
# echo "Authorized use only. All activity may be monitored and reported." > /etc/issue.net
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/wbissue.net.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.3_Ensure_remote_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/wbissue.net.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/wbissue.net.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/wbissue.net.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Warning Banner contains: </l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/wbissue.net.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Warning Banner contains: </li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
Pass1.7.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/motd are configured
Description:
The contents of the
/etc/motd
file are displayed to users after login and function as a message of the day for authenticated
users.
If the
/etc/motd
file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users
with incorrect or misleading information.
Run the following commands to set permissions on
/etc/motd
:
# chown root:root $(readlink -e /etc/motd)
# chmod u-x,go-wx $(readlink -e /etc/motd)
--
OR
--
Run the following command to remove the
/etc/motd
file:
# rm /etc/motd
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/motd exists and unknown test |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcmotd_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995096_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>FAILED!</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>FAILED!</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995099"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995099">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995099"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/motd exists and unknown test</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.7.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue are configured
Description:
The contents of the
/etc/issue
file are displayed to users prior to login for local terminals.
If the
/etc/issue
file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users
with incorrect or misleading information.
Run the following commands to set permissions on
/etc/issue
:
# chown root:root $(readlink -e /etc/issue)
# chmod u-x,go-wx $(readlink -e /etc/issue)
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995104_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l>PASSED!</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>PASSED!</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.7.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue.net are configured
Description:
The contents of the
/etc/issue.net
file are displayed to users prior to login for remote connections from configured
services.
If the
/etc/issue.net
file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users
with incorrect or misleading information.
Run the following commands to set permissions on
/etc/issue.net
:
# chown root:root $(readlink -e /etc/issue.net)
# chmod u-x,go-wx $(readlink -e /etc/issue.net)
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue.net_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995109_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l>PASSED!</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_symlink_file_perm644_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>PASSED!</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
1.8 GNOME Display Manager
The GNOME Display Manager (GDM) is a program that manages graphical display servers
and handles graphical user logins.
Note:
If GDM is not installed on the system, this section can be skipped
Pass1.8.2 Ensure GDM login banner is configured
Description:
GDM is the GNOME Display Manager which handles graphical login for GNOME based systems.
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal
status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns
the system and any monitoring policies that are in place.
Run the following script to verify that the banner message is enabled and set:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_pkgoutput=""
if command -v dpkg-query > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="dpkg-query -W"
elif command -v rpm > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="rpm -q"
fi
l_pcl="gdm gdm3" # Space seporated list of packages to check
for l_pn in $l_pcl; do
$l_pq "$l_pn" > /dev/null 2>&1 && l_pkgoutput="$l_pkgoutput\n - Package: \"$l_pn\"
exists on the system\n - checking configuration"
done
if [ -n "$l_pkgoutput" ]; then
l_gdmprofile="gdm" # Set this to desired profile name IaW Local site policy
l_bmessage="'Authorized uses only. All activity may be monitored and reported'" #
Set to desired banner message
if [ ! -f "/etc/dconf/profile/$l_gdmprofile" ]; then
echo "Creating profile \"$l_gdmprofile\""
echo -e "user-db:user\nsystem-db:$l_gdmprofile\nfile-db:/usr/share/$l_gdmprofile/greeter-dconf-defaults"
> /etc/dconf/profile/$l_gdmprofile
fi
if [ ! -d "/etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/" ]; then
echo "Creating dconf database directory \"/etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/\""
mkdir /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/
fi
if ! grep -Piq '^\h*banner-message-enable\h*=\h*true\b' /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/*;
then
echo "creating gdm keyfile for machine-wide settings"
if ! grep -Piq -- '^\h*banner-message-enable\h*=\h*' /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/*;
then
l_kfile="/etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/01-banner-message"
echo -e "\n[org/gnome/login-screen]\nbanner-message-enable=true" >> "$l_kfile"
else
l_kfile="$(grep -Pil -- '^\h*banner-message-enable\h*=\h*' /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/*)"
! grep -Pq '^\h*\[org\/gnome\/login-screen\]' "$l_kfile" && sed -ri '/^\s*banner-message-enable/
i\[org/gnome/login-screen]' "$l_kfile"
! grep -Pq '^\h*banner-message-enable\h*=\h*true\b' "$l_kfile" && sed -ri 's/^\s*(banner-message-enable\s*=\s*)(\S+)(\s*.*$)/\1true
\3//' "$l_kfile"
# sed -ri '/^\s*\[org\/gnome\/login-screen\]/ a\\nbanner-message-enable=true'
"$l_kfile"
fi
fi
if ! grep -Piq "^\h*banner-message-text=[\'\"]+\S+" "$l_kfile"; then
sed -ri "/^\s*banner-message-enable/ a\banner-message-text=$l_bmessage" "$l_kfile"
fi
dconf update
else
echo -e "\n\n - GNOME Desktop Manager isn't installed\n - Recommendation is Not Applicable\n
- No remediation required\n"
fi
}
Note:
Run the following command to remove the gdm3 package:
# apt purge gdm3
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_login_banner_configured_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - The "banner-message-enable" option isn't configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.2_Ensure_GDM_login_banner_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/login-banner.html.en</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995128"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995128">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995128"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995133"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995133">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995133"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_login_banner_configured_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_login_banner_configured_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_login_banner_configured_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - The "banner-message-enable" option isn't configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_login_banner_configured_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - The "banner-message-enable" option isn't configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/login-banner.html.en
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass1.8.3 Ensure GDM disable-user-list option is enabled
Description:
GDM is the GNOME Display Manager which handles graphical login for GNOME based systems.
The disable-user-list
option controls if a list of users is displayed on the login screen
Displaying the user list eliminates half of the Userid/Password equation that an unauthorized
person would need to log on.
Run the following script to enable the
disable-user-list
option:
Note:
the
l_gdm_profile
variable in the script can be changed if a different profile name is desired in accordance
with local site policy.
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_gdmprofile="gdm"
if [ ! -f "/etc/dconf/profile/$l_gdmprofile" ]; then
echo "Creating profile \"$l_gdmprofile\""
echo -e "user-db:user\nsystem-db:$l_gdmprofile\nfile-db:/usr/share/$l_gdmprofile/greeter-dconf-defaults"
> /etc/dconf/profile/$l_gdmprofile
fi
if [ ! -d "/etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/" ]; then
echo "Creating dconf database directory \"/etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/\""
mkdir /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/
fi
if ! grep -Piq '^\h*disable-user-list\h*=\h*true\b' /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/*;
then
echo "creating gdm keyfile for machine-wide settings"
if ! grep -Piq -- '^\h*\[org\/gnome\/login-screen\]' /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/*;
then
echo -e "\n[org/gnome/login-screen]\n# Do not show the user list\ndisable-user-list=true"
>> /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/00-login-screen
else
sed -ri '/^\s*\[org\/gnome\/login-screen\]/ a\# Do not show the user list\ndisable-user-list=true'
$(grep -Pil -- '^\h*\[org\/gnome\/login-screen\]' /etc/dconf/db/$l_gdmprofile.d/*)
fi
fi
dconf update
}
Note:
When the user profile is created or changed, the user will need to log out and log
in again before the changes will be applied.
OR
Run the following command to remove the GNOME package:
# apt purge gdm3
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_disable_user_list_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- *** FAIL: ***
- - The "disable-user-list" option is not enabled
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.3_Ensure_GDM_disable-user-list_option_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/login-userlist-disable.html.en</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995142"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995142">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995142"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995147"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995147">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995147"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_disable_user_list_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_disable_user_list_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_disable_user_list_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> *** FAIL: ***</l>
<l/>
<l> - The "disable-user-list" option is not enabled</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_disable_user_list_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> *** FAIL: ***</li>
<li/>
<li> - The "disable-user-list" option is not enabled</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/login-userlist-disable.html.en
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass1.8.4 Ensure GDM screen locks when the user is idle
Description:
GNOME Desktop Manager can make the screen lock automatically whenever the user is
idle for some amount of time.
- idle-delay=uint32 {n}
- Number of seconds of inactivity before the screen goes blank
- lock-delay=uint32 {n}
- Number of seconds after the screen is blank before locking the screen
Example key file:
# Specify the dconf path
[org/gnome/desktop/session]
# Number of seconds of inactivity before the screen goes blank
# Set to 0 seconds if you want to deactivate the screensaver.
idle-delay=uint32 900
# Specify the dconf path
[org/gnome/desktop/screensaver]
# Number of seconds after the screen is blank before locking the screen
lock-delay=uint32 5
Setting a lock-out value reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized user access
to another user's session that has been left unattended.
Create or edit a file in the
/etc/dconf/profile/
and verify it includes the following:
user-db:user
system-db:{NAME_OF_DCONF_DATABASE}
Note:local
is the name of a dconf database used in the examples.
Example:
# echo -e '\nuser-db:user\nsystem-db:local' >> /etc/dconf/profile/user
Create the directory
/etc/dconf/db/{NAME_OF_DCONF_DATABASE}.d/
if it doesn't already exist:
Example:
# mkdir /etc/dconf/db/local.d
Create the key file `/etc/dconf/db/{NAME_OF_DCONF_DATABASE}.d/{FILE_NAME} to provide
information for the {NAME_OF_DCONF_DATABASE} database:
Example script:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_key_file="/etc/dconf/db/local.d/00-screensaver"
l_idmv="900" # Set max value for idle-delay in seconds (between 1 and 900)
l_ldmv="5" # Set max value for lock-delay in seconds (between 0 and 5)
{
echo '# Specify the dconf path'
echo '[org/gnome/desktop/session]'
echo ''
echo '# Number of seconds of inactivity before the screen goes blank'
echo '# Set to 0 seconds if you want to deactivate the screensaver.'
echo "idle-delay=uint32 $l_idmv"
echo ''
echo '# Specify the dconf path'
echo '[org/gnome/desktop/screensaver]'
echo ''
echo '# Number of seconds after the screen is blank before locking the screen'
echo "lock-delay=uint32 $l_ldmv"
} > "$l_key_file"
}
Note:
You must include the uint32 along with the integer key values as shown.
Run the following command to update the system databases:
# dconf update
Note:
Users must log out and back in again before the system-wide settings take effect.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - The "idle-delay" option doesn't exist, remaining tests skipped
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.4_Ensure_GDM_screen_locks_when_the_user_is_idle"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.858-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/11"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/desktop-lockscreen.html.en</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995158"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995158">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995158"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995161"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995161">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995161"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995154_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - The "idle-delay" option doesn't exist, remaining tests skipped</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - The "idle-delay" option doesn't exist, remaining tests skipped</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/desktop-lockscreen.html.en
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.11 |
| Label: |
Lock Workstation Sessions After Inactivity |
| Description: |
Automatically lock workstation sessions after a standard period of inactivity. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Automatic Session Locking on Enterprise Assets |
| Description: |
Configure automatic session locking on enterprise assets after a defined period of
inactivity. For general purpose operating systems, the period must not exceed 15 minutes.
For mobile end-user devices, the period must not exceed 2 minutes. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.8.5 Ensure GDM screen locks cannot be overridden
Description:
GNOME Desktop Manager can make the screen lock automatically whenever the user is
idle for some amount of time.
By using the lockdown mode in dconf, you can prevent users from changing specific
settings.
To lock down a dconf key or subpath, create a locks subdirectory in the keyfile directory.
The files inside this directory contain a list of keys or subpaths to lock. Just as
with the keyfiles, you may add any number of files to this directory.
Example Lock File:
# Lock desktop screensaver settings
/org/gnome/desktop/session/idle-delay
/org/gnome/desktop/screensaver/lock-delay
Setting a lock-out value reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized user access
to another user's session that has been left unattended.
Without locking down the system settings, user settings take precedence over the system
settings.
Run the following script to ensure screen locks can not be overridden:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
# Check if GNMOE Desktop Manager is installed. If package isn't installed, recommendation
is Not Applicable\n
# determine system's package manager
l_pkgoutput=""
if command -v dpkg-query > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="dpkg-query -W"
elif command -v rpm > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="rpm -q"
fi
# Check if GDM is installed
l_pcl="gdm gdm3" # Space seporated list of packages to check
for l_pn in $l_pcl; do
$l_pq "$l_pn" > /dev/null 2>&1 && l_pkgoutput="y" && echo -e "\n - Package: \"$l_pn\"
exists on the system\n - remediating configuration if needed"
done
# Check configuration (If applicable)
if [ -n "$l_pkgoutput" ]; then
# Look for idle-delay to determine profile in use, needed for remaining tests
l_kfd="/etc/dconf/db/$(grep -Psril '^\h*idle-delay\h*=\h*uint32\h+\d+\b' /etc/dconf/db/*/
| awk -F'/' '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}').d" #set directory of key file to
be locked
# Look for lock-delay to determine profile in use, needed for remaining tests
l_kfd2="/etc/dconf/db/$(grep -Psril '^\h*lock-delay\h*=\h*uint32\h+\d+\b' /etc/dconf/db/*/
| awk -F'/' '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}').d" #set directory of key file to
be locked
if [ -d "$l_kfd" ]; then # If key file directory doesn't exist, options can't be locked
if grep -Prilq '^\h*\/org\/gnome\/desktop\/session\/idle-delay\b' "$l_kfd"; then
echo " - \"idle-delay\" is locked in \"$(grep -Pril '^\h*\/org\/gnome\/desktop\/session\/idle-delay\b'
"$l_kfd")\""
else
echo "creating entry to lock \"idle-delay\""
[ ! -d "$l_kfd"/locks ] && echo "creating directory $l_kfd/locks" && mkdir "$l_kfd"/locks
{
echo -e '\n# Lock desktop screensaver idle-delay setting'
echo '/org/gnome/desktop/session/idle-delay'
} >> "$l_kfd"/locks/00-screensaver
fi
else
echo -e " - \"idle-delay\" is not set so it can not be locked\n - Please follow Recommendation
\"Ensure GDM screen locks when the user is idle\" and follow this Recommendation again"
fi
if [ -d "$l_kfd2" ]; then # If key file directory doesn't exist, options can't be
locked
if grep -Prilq '^\h*\/org\/gnome\/desktop\/screensaver\/lock-delay\b' "$l_kfd2"; then
echo " - \"lock-delay\" is locked in \"$(grep -Pril '^\h*\/org\/gnome\/desktop\/screensaver\/lock-delay\b'
"$l_kfd2")\""
else
echo "creating entry to lock \"lock-delay\""
[ ! -d "$l_kfd2"/locks ] && echo "creating directory $l_kfd2/locks" && mkdir "$l_kfd2"/locks
{
echo -e '\n# Lock desktop screensaver lock-delay setting'
echo '/org/gnome/desktop/screensaver/lock-delay'
} >> "$l_kfd2"/locks/00-screensaver
fi
else
echo -e " - \"lock-delay\" is not set so it can not be locked\n - Please follow Recommendation
\"Ensure GDM screen locks when the user is idle\" and follow this Recommendation again"
fi
else
echo -e " - GNOME Desktop Manager package is not installed on the system\n - Recommendation
is not applicable"
fi
}
Run the following command to update the system databases:
# dconf update
Note:
Users must log out and back in again before the system-wide settings take effect.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_override_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "idle-delay" is not set so it can not be locked
- - "lock-delay" is not set so it can not be locked
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.5_Ensure_GDM_screen_locks_cannot_be_overridden"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.859-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/11"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/desktop-lockscreen.html.en</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/dconf-lockdown.html.en</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-11</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:4043350"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:4043350">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:4043350"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:4043351"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:4043351">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:4043351"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_override_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_override_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_override_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "idle-delay" is not set so it can not be locked</l>
<l> - "lock-delay" is not set so it can not be locked</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_screen_lock_override_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "idle-delay" is not set so it can not be locked</li>
<li> - "lock-delay" is not set so it can not be locked</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/desktop-lockscreen.html.en
- URL: https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/dconf-lockdown.html.en
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-11
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.11 |
| Label: |
Lock Workstation Sessions After Inactivity |
| Description: |
Automatically lock workstation sessions after a standard period of inactivity. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Automatic Session Locking on Enterprise Assets |
| Description: |
Configure automatic session locking on enterprise assets after a defined period of
inactivity. For general purpose operating systems, the period must not exceed 15 minutes.
For mobile end-user devices, the period must not exceed 2 minutes. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.8.6 Ensure GDM automatic mounting of removable media is disabled
Description:
By default GNOME automatically mounts removable media when inserted as a convenience
to the user.
With automounting enabled anyone with physical access could attach a USB drive or
disc and have its contents available in system even if they lacked permissions to
mount it themselves.
Run the following script to disable automatic mounting of media for all GNOME users:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_pkgoutput="" l_output="" l_output2=""
l_gpname="local" # Set to desired dconf profile name (defaule is local)
# Check if GNOME Desktop Manager is installed. If package isn't installed, recommendation
is Not Applicable\n
# determine system's package manager
if command -v dpkg-query > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="dpkg-query -W"
elif command -v rpm > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="rpm -q"
fi
# Check if GDM is installed
l_pcl="gdm gdm3" # Space seporated list of packages to check
for l_pn in $l_pcl; do
$l_pq "$l_pn" > /dev/null 2>&1 && l_pkgoutput="$l_pkgoutput\n - Package: \"$l_pn\"
exists on the system\n - checking configuration"
done
echo -e "$l_packageout"
# Check configuration (If applicable)
if [ -n "$l_pkgoutput" ]; then
echo -e "$l_pkgoutput"
# Look for existing settings and set variables if they exist
l_kfile="$(grep -Prils -- '^\h*automount\b' /etc/dconf/db/*.d)"
l_kfile2="$(grep -Prils -- '^\h*automount-open\b' /etc/dconf/db/*.d)"
# Set profile name based on dconf db directory ({PROFILE_NAME}.d)
if [ -f "$l_kfile" ]; then
l_gpname="$(awk -F\/ '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}' <<< "$l_kfile")"
echo " - updating dconf profile name to \"$l_gpname\""
elif [ -f "$l_kfile2" ]; then
l_gpname="$(awk -F\/ '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}' <<< "$l_kfile2")"
echo " - updating dconf profile name to \"$l_gpname\""
fi
# check for consistency (Clean up configuration if needed)
if [ -f "$l_kfile" ] && [ "$(awk -F\/ '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}' <<< "$l_kfile")"
!= "$l_gpname" ]; then
sed -ri "/^\s*automount\s*=/s/^/# /" "$l_kfile"
l_kfile="/etc/dconf/db/$l_gpname.d/00-media-automount"
fi
if [ -f "$l_kfile2" ] && [ "$(awk -F\/ '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}' <<< "$l_kfile2")"
!= "$l_gpname" ]; then
sed -ri "/^\s*automount-open\s*=/s/^/# /" "$l_kfile2"
fi
[ -z "$l_kfile" ] && l_kfile="/etc/dconf/db/$l_gpname.d/00-media-automount"
# Check if profile file exists
if grep -Pq -- "^\h*system-db:$l_gpname\b" /etc/dconf/profile/*; then
echo -e "\n - dconf database profile exists in: \"$(grep -Pl -- "^\h*system-db:$l_gpname\b"
/etc/dconf/profile/*)\""
else
[ ! -f "/etc/dconf/profile/user" ] && l_gpfile="/etc/dconf/profile/user" || l_gpfile="/etc/dconf/profile/user2"
echo -e " - creating dconf database profile"
{
echo -e "\nuser-db:user"
echo "system-db:$l_gpname"
} >> "$l_gpfile"
fi
# create dconf directory if it doesn't exists
l_gpdir="/etc/dconf/db/$l_gpname.d"
if [ -d "$l_gpdir" ]; then
echo " - The dconf database directory \"$l_gpdir\" exists"
else
echo " - creating dconf database directory \"$l_gpdir\""
mkdir "$l_gpdir"
fi
# check automount-open setting
if grep -Pqs -- '^\h*automount-open\h*=\h*false\b' "$l_kfile"; then
echo " - \"automount-open\" is set to false in: \"$l_kfile\""
else
echo " - creating \"automount-open\" entry in \"$l_kfile\""
! grep -Psq -- '\^\h*\[org\/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\]\b' "$l_kfile" && echo
'[org/gnome/desktop/media-handling]' >> "$l_kfile"
sed -ri '/^\s*\[org\/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\]/a \\nautomount-open=false' "$l_kfile"
fi
# check automount setting
if grep -Pqs -- '^\h*automount\h*=\h*false\b' "$l_kfile"; then
echo " - \"automount\" is set to false in: \"$l_kfile\""
else
echo " - creating \"automount\" entry in \"$l_kfile\""
! grep -Psq -- '\^\h*\[org\/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\]\b' "$l_kfile" && echo
'[org/gnome/desktop/media-handling]' >> "$l_kfile"
sed -ri '/^\s*\[org\/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\]/a \\nautomount=false' "$l_kfile"
fi
else
echo -e "\n - GNOME Desktop Manager package is not installed on the system\n - Recommendation
is not applicable"
fi
# update dconf database
dconf update
}
OR
Run the following command to uninstall the GNOME desktop Manager package:
# apt purge gdm3
Impact:
The use of portable hard drives is very common for workstation users. If your organization
allows the use of portable storage or media on workstations and physical access controls
to workstations is considered adequate there is little value add in turning off automounting.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_automount_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - neither "automount" or "automount-open" is set
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.6_Ensure_GDM_automatic_mounting_of_removable_media_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.859-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/10/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://access.redhat.com/solutions/20107</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995186"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995186">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995186"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995190"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995190">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995190"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_automount_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_automount_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_automount_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - neither "automount" or "automount-open" is set</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_automount_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - neither "automount" or "automount-open" is set</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://access.redhat.com/solutions/20107
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points
in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating
of defense, data gathering, and corrective action. |
| Subcontrol: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Configure Devices Not To Auto-Run Content |
| Description: |
Configure devices to not auto-run content from removable media. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 10: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Prevent or control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious applications,
code, or scripts on enterprise assets. |
| Safeguard: |
10.3 |
| Label: |
Disable Autorun and Autoplay for Removable Media |
| Description: |
Disable autorun and autoplay auto-execute functionality for removable media. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.8.7 Ensure GDM disabling automatic mounting of removable media is not overridden
Description:
By default GNOME automatically mounts removable media when inserted as a convenience
to the user
By using the lockdown mode in dconf, you can prevent users from changing specific
settings.
To lock down a dconf key or subpath, create a locks subdirectory in the keyfile directory.
The files inside this directory contain a list of keys or subpaths to lock. Just as
with the keyfiles, you may add any number of files to this directory.
Example Lock File:
# Lock desktop screensaver settings
/org/gnome/desktop/media-handling/automount
/org/gnome/desktop/media-handling/automount-open
With automounting enabled anyone with physical access could attach a USB drive or
disc and have its contents available in system even if they lacked permissions to
mount it themselves.
Run the following script to lock disable automatic mounting of media for all GNOME
users:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
# Check if GNMOE Desktop Manager is installed. If package isn't installed, recommendation
is Not Applicable\n
# determine system's package manager
l_pkgoutput=""
if command -v dpkg-query > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="dpkg-query -W"
elif command -v rpm > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="rpm -q"
fi
# Check if GDM is installed
l_pcl="gdm gdm3" # Space seporated list of packages to check
for l_pn in $l_pcl; do
$l_pq "$l_pn" > /dev/null 2>&1 && l_pkgoutput="y" && echo -e "\n - Package: \"$l_pn\"
exists on the system\n - remediating configuration if needed"
done
# Check configuration (If applicable)
if [ -n "$l_pkgoutput" ]; then
# Look for automount to determine profile in use, needed for remaining tests
l_kfd="/etc/dconf/db/$(grep -Psril '^\h*automount\b' /etc/dconf/db/*/ | awk -F'/'
'{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}').d" #set directory of key file to be locked
# Look for automount-open to determine profile in use, needed for remaining tests
l_kfd2="/etc/dconf/db/$(grep -Psril '^\h*automount-open\b' /etc/dconf/db/*/ | awk
-F'/' '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}').d" #set directory of key file to be locked
if [ -d "$l_kfd" ]; then # If key file directory doesn't exist, options can't be locked
if grep -Priq '^\h*\/org/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\/automount\b' "$l_kfd"; then
echo " - \"automount\" is locked in \"$(grep -Pril '^\h*\/org/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\/automount\b'
"$l_kfd")\""
else
echo " - creating entry to lock \"automount\""
[ ! -d "$l_kfd"/locks ] && echo "creating directory $l_kfd/locks" && mkdir "$l_kfd"/locks
{
echo -e '\n# Lock desktop media-handling automount setting'
echo '/org/gnome/desktop/media-handling/automount'
} >> "$l_kfd"/locks/00-media-automount
fi
else
echo -e " - \"automount\" is not set so it can not be locked\n - Please follow Recommendation
\"Ensure GDM automatic mounting of removable media is disabled\" and follow this Recommendation
again"
fi
if [ -d "$l_kfd2" ]; then # If key file directory doesn't exist, options can't be
locked
if grep -Priq '^\h*\/org/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\/automount-open\b' "$l_kfd2";
then
echo " - \"automount-open\" is locked in \"$(grep -Pril '^\h*\/org/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\/automount-open\b'
"$l_kfd2")\""
else
echo " - creating entry to lock \"automount-open\""
[ ! -d "$l_kfd2"/locks ] && echo "creating directory $l_kfd2/locks" && mkdir "$l_kfd2"/locks
{
echo -e '\n# Lock desktop media-handling automount-open setting'
echo '/org/gnome/desktop/media-handling/automount-open'
} >> "$l_kfd2"/locks/00-media-automount
fi
else
echo -e " - \"automount-open\" is not set so it can not be locked\n - Please follow
Recommendation \"Ensure GDM automatic mounting of removable media is disabled\" and
follow this Recommendation again"
fi
# update dconf database
dconf update
else
echo -e " - GNOME Desktop Manager package is not installed on the system\n - Recommendation
is not applicable"
fi
}
Impact:
The use of portable hard drives is very common for workstation users
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_automount_locked_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - neither "automount" or "automount-open" is set
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.7_Ensure_GDM_disabling_automatic_mounting_of_removable_media_is_not_overridden"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.859-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/dconf-lockdown.html.en</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995197"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995197">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995197"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995199"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995199">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995199"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_automount_locked_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_automount_locked_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_automount_locked_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - neither "automount" or "automount-open" is set</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_automount_locked_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - neither "automount" or "automount-open" is set</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://help.gnome.org/admin/system-admin-guide/stable/dconf-lockdown.html.en
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass1.8.8 Ensure GDM autorun-never is enabled
Description:
The autorun-never
setting allows the GNOME Desktop Display Manager to disable autorun through GDM.
Malware on removable media may taking advantage of Autorun features when the media
is inserted into a system and execute.
Run the following script to set
autorun-never
to
true
for GDM users:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_pkgoutput="" l_output="" l_output2=""
l_gpname="local" # Set to desired dconf profile name (default is local)
# Check if GNOME Desktop Manager is installed. If package isn't installed, recommendation
is Not Applicable\n
# determine system's package manager
if command -v dpkg-query > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="dpkg-query -W"
elif command -v rpm > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="rpm -q"
fi
# Check if GDM is installed
l_pcl="gdm gdm3" # Space separated list of packages to check
for l_pn in $l_pcl; do
$l_pq "$l_pn" > /dev/null 2>&1 && l_pkgoutput="$l_pkgoutput\n - Package: \"$l_pn\"
exists on the system\n - checking configuration"
done
echo -e "$l_pkgoutput"
# Check configuration (If applicable)
if [ -n "$l_pkgoutput" ]; then
echo -e "$l_pkgoutput"
# Look for existing settings and set variables if they exist
l_kfile="$(grep -Prils -- '^\h*autorun-never\b' /etc/dconf/db/*.d)"
# Set profile name based on dconf db directory ({PROFILE_NAME}.d)
if [ -f "$l_kfile" ]; then
l_gpname="$(awk -F\/ '{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}' <<< "$l_kfile")"
echo " - updating dconf profile name to \"$l_gpname\""
fi
[ ! -f "$l_kfile" ] && l_kfile="/etc/dconf/db/$l_gpname.d/00-media-autorun"
# Check if profile file exists
if grep -Pq -- "^\h*system-db:$l_gpname\b" /etc/dconf/profile/*; then
echo -e "\n - dconf database profile exists in: \"$(grep -Pl -- "^\h*system-db:$l_gpname\b"
/etc/dconf/profile/*)\""
else
[ ! -f "/etc/dconf/profile/user" ] && l_gpfile="/etc/dconf/profile/user" || l_gpfile="/etc/dconf/profile/user2"
echo -e " - creating dconf database profile"
{
echo -e "\nuser-db:user"
echo "system-db:$l_gpname"
} >> "$l_gpfile"
fi
# create dconf directory if it doesn't exists
l_gpdir="/etc/dconf/db/$l_gpname.d"
if [ -d "$l_gpdir" ]; then
echo " - The dconf database directory \"$l_gpdir\" exists"
else
echo " - creating dconf database directory \"$l_gpdir\""
mkdir "$l_gpdir"
fi
# check autorun-never setting
if grep -Pqs -- '^\h*autorun-never\h*=\h*true\b' "$l_kfile"; then
echo " - \"autorun-never\" is set to true in: \"$l_kfile\""
else
echo " - creating or updating \"autorun-never\" entry in \"$l_kfile\""
if grep -Psq -- '^\h*autorun-never' "$l_kfile"; then
sed -ri 's/(^\s*autorun-never\s*=\s*)(\S+)(\s*.*)$/\1true \3/' "$l_kfile"
else
! grep -Psq -- '\^\h*\[org\/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\]\b' "$l_kfile" && echo
'[org/gnome/desktop/media-handling]' >> "$l_kfile"
sed -ri '/^\s*\[org\/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\]/a \\nautorun-never=true' "$l_kfile"
fi
fi
else
echo -e "\n - GNOME Desktop Manager package is not installed on the system\n - Recommendation
is not applicable"
fi
# update dconf database
dconf update
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "autorun-never" is not set
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.8_Ensure_GDM_autorun-never_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.859-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/10/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995207"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995207">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995207"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995211"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995211">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995211"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "autorun-never" is not set</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "autorun-never" is not set</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points
in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating
of defense, data gathering, and corrective action. |
| Subcontrol: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Configure Devices Not To Auto-Run Content |
| Description: |
Configure devices to not auto-run content from removable media. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 10: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Prevent or control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious applications,
code, or scripts on enterprise assets. |
| Safeguard: |
10.3 |
| Label: |
Disable Autorun and Autoplay for Removable Media |
| Description: |
Disable autorun and autoplay auto-execute functionality for removable media. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.8.9 Ensure GDM autorun-never is not overridden
Description:
The autorun-never setting allows the GNOME Desktop Display Manager to disable autorun
through GDM.
By using the lockdown mode in dconf, you can prevent users from changing specific
settings.
To lock down a dconf key or subpath, create a locks subdirectory in the keyfile directory.
The files inside this directory contain a list of keys or subpaths to lock. Just as
with the keyfiles, you may add any number of files to this directory.
Example Lock File:
# Lock desktop media-handling settings
/org/gnome/desktop/media-handling/autorun-never
Malware on removable media may taking advantage of Autorun features when the media
is inserted into a system and execute.
Run the following script to ensure that
autorun-never=true
cannot be overridden:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
# Check if GNOME Desktop Manager is installed. If package isn't installed, recommendation
is Not Applicable\n
# determine system's package manager
l_pkgoutput=""
if command -v dpkg-query > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="dpkg-query -W"
elif command -v rpm > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_pq="rpm -q"
fi
# Check if GDM is installed
l_pcl="gdm gdm3" # Space separated list of packages to check
for l_pn in $l_pcl; do
$l_pq "$l_pn" > /dev/null 2>&1 && l_pkgoutput="y" && echo -e "\n - Package: \"$l_pn\"
exists on the system\n - remediating configuration if needed"
done
# Check configuration (If applicable)
if [ -n "$l_pkgoutput" ]; then
# Look for autorun to determine profile in use, needed for remaining tests
l_kfd="/etc/dconf/db/$(grep -Psril '^\h*autorun-never\b' /etc/dconf/db/*/ | awk -F'/'
'{split($(NF-1),a,".");print a[1]}').d" #set directory of key file to be locked
if [ -d "$l_kfd" ]; then # If key file directory doesn't exist, options can't be locked
if grep -Prisq '^\h*\/org/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\/autorun-never\b' "$l_kfd";
then
echo " - \"autorun-never\" is locked in \"$(grep -Pril '^\h*\/org/gnome\/desktop\/media-handling\/autorun-never\b'
"$l_kfd")\""
else
echo " - creating entry to lock \"autorun-never\""
[ ! -d "$l_kfd"/locks ] && echo "creating directory $l_kfd/locks" && mkdir "$l_kfd"/locks
{
echo -e '\n# Lock desktop media-handling autorun-never setting'
echo '/org/gnome/desktop/media-handling/autorun-never'
} >> "$l_kfd"/locks/00-media-autorun
fi
else
echo -e " - \"autorun-never\" is not set so it can not be locked\n - Please follow
Recommendation \"Ensure GDM autorun-never is enabled\" and follow this Recommendation
again"
fi
# update dconf database
dconf update
else
echo -e " - GNOME Desktop Manager package is not installed on the system\n - Recommendation
is not applicable"
fi
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_override_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "autorun-never" is not set so it can not be locked
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.9_Ensure_GDM_autorun-never_is_not_overridden"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.859-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/10/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995219"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995219">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995219"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995223"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995223">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995223"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_override_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_override_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_override_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "autorun-never" is not set so it can not be locked</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_gdm_autorun_never_override_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "autorun-never" is not set so it can not be locked</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points
in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating
of defense, data gathering, and corrective action. |
| Subcontrol: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Configure Devices Not To Auto-Run Content |
| Description: |
Configure devices to not auto-run content from removable media. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 10: Malware Defenses: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Prevent or control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious applications,
code, or scripts on enterprise assets. |
| Safeguard: |
10.3 |
| Label: |
Disable Autorun and Autoplay for Removable Media |
| Description: |
Disable autorun and autoplay auto-execute functionality for removable media. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass1.8.10 Ensure XDCMP is not enabled
Description:
X Display Manager Control Protocol (XDMCP) is designed to provide authenticated access
to display management services for remote displays
XDMCP is inherently insecure.
- XDMCP is not a ciphered protocol. This may allow an attacker to capture keystrokes
entered by a user
- XDMCP is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. This may allow an attacker to steal
the credentials of legitimate users by impersonating the XDMCP server.
Edit the file
/etc/gdm3/custom.conf
and remove the line:
Enable=true
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/gdm3/custom.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*enable\h*=\h*true\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/gdm/custom.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*enable\h*=\h*true\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.10_Ensure_XDCMP_is_not_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.859-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-4</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995228"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995228">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995228"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/gdm3/custom.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*enable\h*=\h*true\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995231"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995231">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995231"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/gdm/custom.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*enable\h*=\h*true\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-4
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
2 Services
While applying system updates and patches helps correct known vulnerabilities, one
of the best ways to protect the system against as yet unreported vulnerabilities is
to disable all services that are not required for normal system operation. This prevents
the exploitation of vulnerabilities discovered at a later date. If a service is not
enabled, it cannot be exploited. The actions in this section of the document provide
guidance on some services which can be safely disabled and under which circumstances,
greatly reducing the number of possible threats to the resulting system. Additionally
some services which should remain enabled but with secure configuration are covered
as well as insecure service clients.
Note: This should not be considered a comprehensive list of insecure services. You
may wish to consider additions to those listed here for your environment.
2.1 Configure Time Synchronization
It is recommended that physical systems and virtual guests lacking direct access to
the physical host's clock be configured to synchronize their time using a service
such as systemd-timesyncd, chrony, or ntp.
Note:
- If access to a physical host's clock is available and configured according to site
policy, this section can be skipped
- Only one time synchronization method should be in use on the system
- Only the section related to the time synchronization method in use on the system should
be followed, all other time synchronization recommendations should be skipped
-
If access to a physical host's clock is available and configured according to site
policy:
- systemd-timesyncd
should be stopped and masked
- chrony
should be removed from the system
- ntp
should be removed from the system
2.1.1 Ensure time synchronization is in use
It is recommended that physical systems and virtual guests lacking direct access to
the physical host's clock be configured to synchronize their time using a service
such as systemd-timesyncd, chrony, or ntp.
Pass2.1.1.1 Ensure a single time synchronization daemon is in use
Description:
System time should be synchronized between all systems in an environment. This is
typically done by establishing an authoritative time server or set of servers and
having all systems synchronize their clocks to them.
Note:
- On virtual systems where host based time synchronization is available consult your
virtualization software documentation and verify that host based synchronization is
in use and follows local site policy. In this scenario, this section should be skipped
-
Only
one
time synchronization method should be in use on the system. Configuring multiple time
synchronization methods could lead to unexpected or unreliable results
Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms and
ensures log files have consistent time records across the enterprise, which aids in
forensic investigations.
On physical systems, and virtual systems where host based time synchronization is
not available.
Select
one
of the three time synchronization daemons;
chrony (1)
,
systemd-timesyncd (2)
, or
ntp (3)
, and following the remediation procedure for the selected daemon.
Note:
enabling more than one synchronization daemon could lead to unexpected or unreliable
results:
- chrony
Run the following command to install
chrony
:
# apt install chrony
Run the following commands to stop and mask the
systemd-timesyncd
daemon:
# systemctl stop systemd-timesyncd.service
# systemctl --now mask systemd-timesyncd.service
Run the following command to remove the ntp package:
# apt purge ntp
NOTE:
-
Subsection:
Configure chrony
should be followed
-
Subsections:
Configure systemd-timesyncd
and
Configure ntp
should be skipped
- systemd-timesyncd
Run the following command to remove the chrony package:
# apt purge chrony
Run the following command to remove the ntp package:
# apt purge ntp
NOTE:
-
Subsection:
Configure systemd-timesyncd
should be followed
-
Subsections:
Configure chrony
and
Configure ntp
should be skipped
- ntp
Run the following command to install
ntp
:
# apt install ntp
Run the following commands to stop and mask the
systemd-timesyncd
daemon:
# systemctl stop systemd-timesyncd.service
# systemctl --now mask systemd-timesyncd.service
Run the following command to remove the chrony package:
# apt purge chrony
NOTE:
-
Subsection:
Configure ntp
should be followed
-
Subsections:
Configure chrony
and
Configure systemd-timesyncd
should be skipped
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_timesync_daemon_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - Only one time sync daemon is in use on the system
- - Daemon: "systemd-timesyncd.service" is enabled on the system
- - Package: "chrony" is not installed on the system
- - Package: "ntp" is not installed on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.1.1_Ensure_a_single_time_synchronization_daemon_is_in_use"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.860-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_timesync_daemon_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_timesync_daemon_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_timesync_daemon_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - Only one time sync daemon is in use on the system</l>
<l> - Daemon: "systemd-timesyncd.service" is enabled on the system</l>
<l> - Package: "chrony" is not installed on the system</l>
<l> - Package: "ntp" is not installed on the system</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_timesync_daemon_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - Only one time sync daemon is in use on the system</li>
<li> - Daemon: "systemd-timesyncd.service" is enabled on the system</li>
<li> - Package: "chrony" is not installed on the system</li>
<li> - Package: "ntp" is not installed on the system</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
2.1.2 Configure chrony
chrony is a daemon which implements the Network Time Protocol (NTP) and is designed
to synchronize system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is
highly accurate.
chrony can be configured to be a client and/or a server.
More information on chrony can be found at:
http://chrony.tuxfamily.org/
.
Note:
- If ntp or systemd-timesyncd are used, chrony should be removed and this section skipped
- Only one time synchronization method should be in use on the system
Manual2.1.2.1 Ensure chrony is configured with authorized timeserver
Description:
-
server
- The server directive specifies an NTP server which can be used as a time source. The
client-server relationship is strictly hierarchical: a client might synchronize its
system time to that of the server, but the server’s system time will never be influenced
by that of a client.
- This directive can be used multiple times to specify multiple servers.
- The directive is immediately followed by either the name of the server, or its IP
address.
-
pool
- The syntax of this directive is similar to that for the server directive, except that
it is used to specify a pool of NTP servers rather than a single NTP server. The pool
name is expected to resolve to multiple addresses which might change over time.
- This directive can be used multiple times to specify multiple pools.
- All options valid in the server directive can be used in this directive too.
Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms and
to ensure log files have consistent time records across the enterprise to aid in forensic
investigations
Edit
/etc/chrony/chrony.conf
or a file ending in
.sources
in
/etc/chrony/sources.d/
and add or edit server or pool lines as appropriate according to local site policy:
<[server|pool]> <[remote-server|remote-pool]>
Examples:
pool
directive:
pool time.nist.gov iburst maxsources 4 #The maxsources option is unique to the pool
directive
server
directive:
server time-a-g.nist.gov iburst
server 132.163.97.3 iburst
server time-d-b.nist.gov iburst
Run one of the following commands to load the updated time sources into
chronyd
running config:
# systemctl restart chronyd
- OR if sources are in a .sources file -
# chronyc reload sources
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to remove
chrony
from the system:
# apt purge chrony
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.(conf|sources) in /etc/chrony/ exists and matches
pattern ^\h*(server|pool)\h+\H+ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2.1_Ensure_chrony_is_configured_with_authorized_timeserver"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.860-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">chrony.conf(5) Manual Page</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994873"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994873">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994873"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.(conf|sources) in /etc/chrony/ exists and matches pattern ^\h*(server|pool)\h+\H+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994875"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994875">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994875"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: chrony.conf(5) Manual Page
- URL: https://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.1.2.2 Ensure chrony is running as user _chrony
Description:
The
chrony
package is installed with a dedicated user account
_chrony
. This account is granted the access required by the
chronyd
service
The
chronyd
service should run with only the required privlidges
Add or edit the
user
line to
/etc/chrony/chrony.conf
or a file ending in
.conf
in
/etc/chrony/conf.d/
:
user _chrony
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to remove
chrony
from the system:
# apt purge chrony
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Start check - systemd service process is owned by user
- - FAIL!
- - systemd service: "" with PID: "" is owned by user: ""
- - End check - systemd service process is owned by user
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2.2_Ensure_chrony_is_running_as_user__chrony"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.860-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994877_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>- Start check - systemd service process is owned by user</l>
<l>- FAIL!</l>
<l>- systemd service: "" with PID: "" is owned by user: ""</l>
<l>- End check - systemd service process is owned by user</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>- Start check - systemd service process is owned by user</li>
<li>- FAIL!</li>
<li>- systemd service: "" with PID: "" is owned by user: ""</li>
<li>- End check - systemd service process is owned by user</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994878"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994878">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994878"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.1.2.3 Ensure chrony is enabled and running
Description:
chrony is a daemon for synchronizing the system clock across the network
chrony needs to be enabled and running in order to synchronize the system to a timeserver.
Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms and
to ensure log files have consistent time records across the enterprise to aid in forensic
investigations
IFchrony
is in use on the system, run the following commands:
Run the following command to unmask
chrony.service
:
# systemctl unmask chrony.service
Run the following command to enable and start
chrony.service
:
# systemctl --now enable chrony.service
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to remove
chrony
:
# apt purge chrony
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'chrony.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
chrony.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'chrony.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
chrony.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2.3_Ensure_chrony_is_enabled_and_running"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.860-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994880"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994880_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994880"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994880">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994880"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'chrony.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>chrony.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994882"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994882_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994882"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994882">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994882"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'chrony.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>chrony.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994884"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994884">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994884"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
2.1.3 Configure systemd-timesyncd
systemd-timesyncd
is a daemon that has been added for synchronizing the system clock across the network.
It implements an SNTP client. In contrast to NTP implementations such as chrony or
the NTP reference server this only implements a client side, and does not bother with
the full NTP complexity, focusing only on querying time from one remote server and
synchronizing the local clock to it. The daemon runs with minimal privileges, and
has been hooked up with networkd to only operate when network connectivity is available.
The daemon saves the current clock to disk every time a new NTP sync has been acquired,
and uses this to possibly correct the system clock early at bootup, in order to accommodate
for systems that lack an RTC such as the Raspberry Pi and embedded devices, and make
sure that time monotonically progresses on these systems, even if it is not always
correct. To make use of this daemon a new system user and group "systemd-timesync"
needs to be created on installation of systemd.
The default configuration is set during compilation, so configuration is only needed
when it is necessary to deviate from those defaults. Initially, the main configuration
file in /etc/systemd/ contains commented out entries showing the defaults as a guide
to the administrator. Local overrides can be created by editing this file or by creating
drop-ins, as described below. Using drop-ins for local configuration is recommended
over modifications to the main configuration file.
In addition to the "main" configuration file, drop-in configuration snippets are read
from /usr/lib/systemd/*.conf.d/
, /usr/local/lib/systemd/*.conf.d/
, and
/etc/systemd/*.conf.d/
. Those drop-ins have higher precedence and override the main configuration file.
Files in the *.conf.d/ configuration subdirectories are sorted by their filename in
lexicographic order, regardless of in which of the subdirectories they reside. When
multiple files specify the same option, for options which accept just a single value,
the entry in the file sorted last takes precedence, and for options which accept a
list of values, entries are collected as they occur in the sorted files.
When packages need to customize the configuration, they can install drop-ins under
/usr/. Files in /etc/ are reserved for the local administrator, who may use this logic
to override the configuration files installed by vendor packages. Drop-ins have to
be used to override package drop-ins, since the main configuration file has lower
precedence. It is recommended to prefix all filenames in those subdirectories with
a two-digit number and a dash, to simplify the ordering of the files.
To disable a configuration file supplied by the vendor, the recommended way is to
place a symlink to /dev/null in the configuration directory in /etc/, with the same
filename as the vendor configuration file.
Note:
- The recommendations in this section only apply if timesyncd is in use on the system
-
The systemd-timesyncd service specifically implements only SNTP.
- This minimalistic service will set the system clock for large offsets or slowly adjust
it for smaller deltas
- More complex use cases are not covered by systemd-timesyncd
- If chrony or ntp are used, systemd-timesyncd should be stopped and masked, and this
section skipped
- One, and only one, time synchronization method should be in use on the system
Fail2.1.3.1 Ensure systemd-timesyncd configured with authorized timeserver
Description:
NTP=
- A space-separated list of NTP server host names or IP addresses. During runtime this
list is combined with any per-interface NTP servers acquired from systemd-networkd.service(8).
systemd-timesyncd will contact all configured system or per-interface servers in turn,
until one responds. When the empty string is assigned, the list of NTP servers is
reset, and all prior assignments will have no effect. This setting defaults to an
empty list.
FallbackNTP=
- A space-separated list of NTP server host names or IP addresses to be used as the
fallback NTP servers. Any per-interface NTP servers obtained from systemd-networkd.service(8)
take precedence over this setting, as do any servers set via NTP= above. This setting
is hence only relevant if no other NTP server information is known. When the empty
string is assigned, the list of NTP servers is reset, and all prior assignments will
have no effect. If this option is not given, a compiled-in list of NTP servers is
used.
Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms and
to ensure log files have consistent time records across the enterprise to aid in forensic
investigations
Edit
/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
and add the
NTP=
and/or
FallbackNTP=
lines to the
[Time]
section:
Example:
[Time]
NTP=time.nist.gov # Uses the generic name for NIST's time servers
-AND/OR-
FallbackNTP=time-a-g.nist.gov time-b-g.nist.gov time-c-g.nist.gov # Space separated
list of NIST time servers
Note:
Servers added to these line(s) should follow local site policy. NIST servers are for
example.
Example script:
The following example script will add the example NIST time servers to
/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_ntp_ts="time.nist.gov"
l_ntp_fb="time-a-g.nist.gov time-b-g.nist.gov time-c-g.nist.gov"
l_conf_file="/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf"
if ! grep -Ph '^\h*NTP=\H+' "$l_conf_file"; then
! grep -Pqs '^\h*\[Time\]' "$l_conf_file" && echo "[Time]" >> "$l_conf_file"
echo "NTP=$l_ntp_ts" >> "$l_conf_file"
fi
if ! grep -Ph '^\h*FallbackNTP=\H+' "$l_conf_file"; then
! grep -Pqs '^\h*\[Time\]' "$l_conf_file" && echo "[Time]" >> "$l_conf_file"
echo "FallbackNTP=$l_ntp_fb" >> "$l_conf_file"
fi
}
Run the following command to reload the
systemd-timesyncd
configuration:
# systemctl try-reload-or-restart systemd-timesyncd
-OR-
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to stop and mask
systemd-timesyncd
:
# systemctl --now mask systemd-timesyncd
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal
'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-timesyncd.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
enabled |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'ActiveState' property not equal 'active' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-timesyncd.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf in /etc/systemd/ exists and matches pattern
^\h*(NTP|FallbackNTP)=\H+ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.3.1_Ensure_systemd-timesyncd_configured_with_authorized_timeserver"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.860-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/timesyncd.conf.html</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-7, AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994887"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994887_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994887"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994887">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994887"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-timesyncd.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>enabled</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994889"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994889_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994889"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994889">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994889"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'ActiveState' property not equal 'active'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-timesyncd.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994886"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994886">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994886"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf in /etc/systemd/ exists and matches pattern ^\h*(NTP|FallbackNTP)=\H+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/timesyncd.conf.html
- URL: https://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-7, AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual2.1.3.2 Ensure systemd-timesyncd is enabled and running
Description:
systemd-timesyncd is a daemon that has been added for synchronizing the system clock
across the network
systemd-timesyncd needs to be enabled and running in order to synchronize the system
to a timeserver.
Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms and
to ensure log files have consistent time records across the enterprise to aid in forensic
investigations
IFsystemd-timesyncd
is in use on the system, run the following commands:
Run the following command to unmask
systemd-timesyncd.service
:
# systemctl unmask systemd-timesyncd.service
Run the following command to enable and start
systemd-timesyncd.service
:
# systemctl --now enable systemd-timesyncd.service
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to stop and mask
systemd-timesyncd
:
# systemctl --now mask systemd-timesyncd.service
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-timesyncd.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
enabled |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-timesyncd.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
|
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'masked' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-timesyncd.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
enabled |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'inactive' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-timesyncd.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.3.2_Ensure_systemd-timesyncd_is_enabled_and_running"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-7, AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994891"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994891_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994891"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994891">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994891"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-timesyncd.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>enabled</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994893"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994893_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994893"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994893">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994893"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-timesyncd.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994894"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994894_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994894"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994894">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994894"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'masked'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-timesyncd.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>enabled</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994896"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994896_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994896"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994896">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994896"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-timesyncd.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'inactive'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-timesyncd.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-7, AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
2.1.4 Configure ntp
ntp
is a daemon which implements the Network Time Protocol (NTP). It is designed to synchronize
system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is highly accurate.
More information on NTP can be found at
http://www.ntp.org
. ntp
can be configured to be a client and/or a server.
Note:
-
If
chrony
or
systemd-timesyncd
are used,
ntp
should be removed and this section skipped
- This recommendation only applies if ntp is in use on the system
- Only one time synchronization method should be in use on the system
Pass2.1.4.1 Ensure ntp access control is configured
Description:
ntp
Access Control Commands:
restrict address [mask mask] [ippeerlimit int] [flag ...]
The
address
argument expressed in dotted-quad form is the address of a host or network. Alternatively,
the address argument can be a valid host DNS name.
The
mask
argument expressed in dotted-quad form defaults to 255.255.255.255, meaning that the
address is treated as the address of an individual host. A default entry (address
0.0.0.0, mask 0.0.0.0) is always included and is always the first entry in the list.
Note:
the text string default, with no mask option, may be used to indicate the default
entry.
The
ippeerlimit
directive limits the number of peer requests for each IP to int, where a value of
-1 means "unlimited", the current default. A value of 0 means "none". There would
usually be at most 1 peering request per IP, but if the remote peering requests are
behind a proxy there could well be more than 1 per IP. In the current implementation,
flag always restricts access, i.e., an entry with no flags indicates that free access
to the server is to be given.
The flags are not orthogonal, in that more restrictive flags will often make less
restrictive ones redundant. The flags can generally be classed into two categories,
those which restrict time service and those which restrict informational queries and
attempts to do run-time reconfiguration of the server.
One or more of the following flags may be specified:
- kod
- If this flag is set when an access violation occurs, a kiss-o'-death (KoD) packet
is sent. KoD packets are rate limited to no more than one per second. If another KoD
packet occurs within one second after the last one, the packet is dropped.
- limited
- Deny service if the packet spacing violates the lower limits specified in the discard
command. A history of clients is kept using the monitoring capability of
ntpd
. Thus, monitoring is always active as long as there is a restriction entry with the
limited flag.
- lowpriotrap
- Declare traps set by matching hosts to be low priority. The number of traps a server
can maintain is limited (the current limit is 3). Traps are usually assigned on a
first come, first served basis, with later trap requestors being denied service.
This flag modifies the assignment algorithm by allowing low priority traps to be overridden
by later requests for normal priority traps.
- noepeer
- Deny ephemeral peer requests, even if they come from an authenticated source. Note
that the ability to use a symmetric key for authentication may be restricted to one
or more IPs or subnets via the third field of the ntp.keys file. This restriction
is not enabled by default, to maintain backward compatibility. Expect noepeer to become
the default in
ntp-4.4
.
- nomodify
- Deny
ntpq
and
ntpdc
queries which attempt to modify the state of the server (i.e., run time reconfiguration).
Queries which return information are permitted.
- noquery
- Deny
ntpq
and
ntpdc
queries. Time service is not affected.
- nopeer
- Deny unauthenticated packets which would result in mobilizing a new association.
This includes broadcast and symmetric active packets when a configured association
does not exist. It also includes pool associations, so if you want to use servers
from a pool directive and also want to use
nopeer
by default, you'll want a restrict source ... line as well that does not include the
nopeer
directive.
- noserve
- Deny all packets except
ntpq
and
ntpdc
queries.
- notrap
- Decline to provide mode 6 control message trap service to matching hosts. The trap
service is a subsystem of the
ntpq
control message protocol which is intended for use by remote event logging programs.
- notrust
- Deny service unless the packet is cryptographically authenticated.
- ntpport
- This is actually a match algorithm modifier, rather than a restriction flag. Its
presence causes the restriction entry to be matched only if the source port in the
packet is the standard NTP UDP port (123). Both
ntpport
and
non-ntpport
may be specified. The
ntpport
is considered more specific and is sorted later in the list.
If
ntp
is in use on the system, proper configuration is vital to ensuring time synchronization
is accurate.
Add or edit restrict lines in
/etc/ntp.conf
to match the following:
restrict -4 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to remove
ntp
from the system:
# apt purge ntp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\h*restrict\h+(-4\h+)?default\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\2|\3|\4|\5))(\h*\bkod\b\h*|\h*\bnomodify\b\h*|\h*\bnotrap\b\h*|\h*\bnopeer\b\h*|\h*\bnoquery\b\h*)\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\1 |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\h*restrict\h+-6\h+default\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\2|\3|\4|\5))(\h*\bkod\b\h*|\h*\bnomodify\b\h*|\h*\bnotrap\b\h*|\h*\bnopeer\b\h*|\h*\bnoquery\b\h*)\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\1|\3 |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.4.1_Ensure_ntp_access_control_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">http://www.ntp.org/</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">ntp.conf(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">ntpd(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994897"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994897">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994897"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\h*restrict\h+(-4\h+)?default\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\2|\3|\4|\5))(\h*\bkod\b\h*|\h*\bnomodify\b\h*|\h*\bnotrap\b\h*|\h*\bnopeer\b\h*|\h*\bnoquery\b\h*)\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994899"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994899">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994899"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\h*restrict\h+-6\h+default\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\2|\3|\4|\5))(\h*\bkod\b\h*|\h*\bnomodify\b\h*|\h*\bnotrap\b\h*|\h*\bnopeer\b\h*|\h*\bnoquery\b\h*)\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)*(?!(?:\1|\3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994901"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994901">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994901"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: http://www.ntp.org/
- URL: ntp.conf(5)
- URL: ntpd(8)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual2.1.4.2 Ensure ntp is configured with authorized timeserver
Description:
The various modes are determined by the command keyword and the type of the required
IP address. Addresses are classed by type as (s) a remote server or peer (IPv4 class
A, B and C), (b) the broadcast address of a local interface, (m) a multicast address
(IPv4 class D), or (r) a reference clock address (127.127.x.x).
Note:
That only those options applicable to each command are listed below. Use of options
not listed may not be caught as an error, but may result in some weird and even destructive
behavior.
If the Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6 (RFC-2553) is detected, support
for the IPv6 address family is generated in addition to the default support of the
IPv4 address family. In a few cases, including the reslist billboard generated by
ntpq
or
ntpdc
, IPv6 addresses are automatically generated. IPv6 addresses can be identified by
the presence of colons “:” in the address field. IPv6 addresses can be used almost
everywhere where IPv4 addresses can be used, with the exception of reference clock
addresses, which are always IPv4.
Note:
In contexts where a host name is expected, a -4 qualifier preceding the host name
forces DNS resolution to the IPv4 namespace, while a -6 qualifier forces DNS resolution
to the IPv6 namespace. See IPv6 references for the equivalent classes for that address
family.
-
pool - For type s addresses, this command mobilizes a persistent client mode association
with a number of remote servers. In this mode the local clock can synchronized to
the remote server, but the remote server can never be synchronized to the local clock.
-
server - For type s and r addresses, this command mobilizes a persistent client mode
association with the specified remote server or local radio clock. In this mode the
local clock can synchronized to the remote server, but the remote server can never
be synchronized to the local clock. This command should not be used for type b or
m addresses.
Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms and
to ensure log files have consistent time records across the enterprise to aid in forensic
investigations
Edit
/etc/ntp.conf
and add or edit server or pool lines as appropriate according to local site policy:
<[server|pool]> <[remote-server|remote-pool]>
Examples:
pool
mode:
pool time.nist.gov iburst
server
mode:
server time-a-g.nist.gov iburst
server 132.163.97.3 iburst
server time-d-b.nist.gov iburst
Run the following command to load the updated time sources into
ntp
running config:
# systemctl restart ntp
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to remove
ntp
from the system:
# apt purge ntp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\h*(server|pool)\h+\H+ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.4.2_Ensure_ntp_is_configured_with_authorized_timeserver"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">http://www.ntp.org/</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">ntp.conf(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">ntpd(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994903"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994903">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994903"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\h*(server|pool)\h+\H+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994904"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994904">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994904"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: http://www.ntp.org/
- URL: https://tf.nist.gov/tf-cgi/servers.cgi
- URL: ntp.conf(5)
- URL: ntpd(8)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.1.4.3 Ensure ntp is running as user ntp
Description:
The
ntp
package is installed with a dedicated user account
ntp
. This account is granted the access required by the
ntpd
daemon
Note:
- If chrony or systemd-timesyncd are used, ntp should be removed and this section skipped
-
This recommendation only applies if
ntp
is in use on the system
- Only one time synchronization method should be in use on the system
The
ntpd
daemon should run with only the required privlidge
Add or edit the following line in
/usr/lib/ntp/ntp-systemd-wrapper
:
RUNASUSER=ntp
Run the following command to restart
ntp.servocee
:
# systemctl restart ntp.service
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to remove
ntp
from the system:
# apt purge ntp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Start check - systemd service process is owned by user
- - FAIL!
- - systemd service: "" with PID: "" is owned by user: ""
- - End check - systemd service process is owned by user
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/init.d/ntp exists and matches pattern ^\h*RUNASUSER=ntp |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.4.3_Ensure_ntp_is_running_as_user_ntp"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">http://www.ntp.org/</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994906_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>- Start check - systemd service process is owned by user</l>
<l>- FAIL!</l>
<l>- systemd service: "" with PID: "" is owned by user: ""</l>
<l>- End check - systemd service process is owned by user</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_service_owned_by_user_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>- Start check - systemd service process is owned by user</li>
<li>- FAIL!</li>
<li>- systemd service: "" with PID: "" is owned by user: ""</li>
<li>- End check - systemd service process is owned by user</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994908"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994908">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994908"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/init.d/ntp exists and matches pattern ^\h*RUNASUSER=ntp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994910"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994910">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994910"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: http://www.ntp.org/
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.1.4.4 Ensure ntp is enabled and running
Description:
ntp is a daemon for synchronizing the system clock across the network
ntp needs to be enabled and running in order to synchronize the system to a timeserver.
Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms and
to ensure log files have consistent time records across the enterprise to aid in forensic
investigations
IFntp
is in use on the system, run the following commands:
Run the following command to unmask
ntp.service
:
# systemctl unmask ntp.service
Run the following command to enable and start
ntp.service
:
# systemctl --now enable ntp.service
OR
If another time synchronization service is in use on the system, run the following
command to remove
ntp
:
# apt purge ntp
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'ntp.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
ntp.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'ntp.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
ntp.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.4.4_Ensure_ntp_is_enabled_and_running"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994911"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994911_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994911"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994911">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994911"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'ntp.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ntp.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994913"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994913_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994913"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994913">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994913"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'ntp.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ntp.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994915"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994915">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994915"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.1 |
| Label: |
Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources |
| Description: |
Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices
retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.4 |
| Label: |
Standardize Time Synchronization |
| Description: |
Standardize time synchronization. Configure at least two synchronized time sources
across enterprise assets, where supported. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
2.2 Special Purpose Services
This section describes services that are installed on systems that specifically need
to run these services. If any of these services are not required, it is recommended
that they be deleted from the system to reduce the potential attack surface. If a
package is required as a dependency, and the service is not required, the service
should be stopped and masked.
The following command can be used to stop and mask the service:
# systemctl --now mask <service_name>
Pass2.2.2 Ensure Avahi Server is not installed
Description:
Avahi is a free zeroconf implementation, including a system for multicast DNS/DNS-SD
service discovery. Avahi allows programs to publish and discover services and hosts
running on a local network with no specific configuration. For example, a user can
plug a computer into a network and Avahi automatically finds printers to print to,
files to look at and people to talk to, as well as network services running on the
machine.
Automatic discovery of network services is not normally required for system functionality.
It is recommended to remove this package to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run the following commands to remove
avahi-daemon
:
# systemctl stop avahi-daaemon.service
# systemctl stop avahi-daemon.socket
# apt purge avahi-daemon
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'avahi-daemon' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.2_Ensure_Avahi_Server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-4</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994923"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994923">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994923"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'avahi-daemon' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SI-4
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.3 Ensure CUPS is not installed
Description:
The Common Unix Print System (CUPS) provides the ability to print to both local and
network printers. A system running CUPS can also accept print jobs from remote systems
and print them to local printers. It also provides a web based remote administration
capability.
If the system does not need to print jobs or accept print jobs from other systems,
it is recommended that CUPS be removed to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run one of the following commands to remove
cups
:
# apt purge cups
Impact:
Removing CUPS will prevent printing from the system, a common task for workstation
systems.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cups' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.3_Ensure_CUPS_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">More detailed documentation on CUPS is available at the project homepage at http://www.cups.org.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994926"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994926">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994926"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cups' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: More detailed documentation on CUPS is available at the project homepage at http://www.cups.org.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.4 Ensure DHCP Server is not installed
Description:
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a service that allows machines to
be dynamically assigned IP addresses.
Unless a system is specifically set up to act as a DHCP server, it is recommended
that this package be removed to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
isc-dhcp-server
:
# apt purge isc-dhcp-server
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'isc-dhcp-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.4_Ensure_DHCP_Server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">More detailed documentation on DHCP is available at http://www.isc.org/software/dhcp.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994928"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994928">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994928"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'isc-dhcp-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: More detailed documentation on DHCP is available at http://www.isc.org/software/dhcp.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.5 Ensure LDAP server is not installed
Description:
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) was introduced as a replacement for
NIS/YP. It is a service that provides a method for looking up information from a central
database.
If the system will not need to act as an LDAP server, it is recommended that the software
be removed to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run one of the following commands to remove
slapd
:
# apt purge slapd
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'slapd' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.5_Ensure_LDAP_server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">For more detailed documentation on OpenLDAP, go to the project homepage at http://www.openldap.org.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994931"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994931">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994931"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'slapd' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: For more detailed documentation on OpenLDAP, go to the project homepage at http://www.openldap.org.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.6 Ensure NFS is not installed
Description:
The Network File System (NFS) is one of the first and most widely distributed file
systems in the UNIX environment. It provides the ability for systems to mount file
systems of other servers through the network.
If the system does not export NFS shares, it is recommended that the
nfs-kernel-server
package be removed to reduce the remote attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
nfs
:
# apt purge nfs-kernel-server
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'nfs-kernel-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.6_Ensure_NFS_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994934"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994934">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994934"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'nfs-kernel-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.7 Ensure DNS Server is not installed
Description:
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical naming system that maps names to IP
addresses for computers, services and other resources connected to a network.
Unless a system is specifically designated to act as a DNS server, it is recommended
that the package be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run the following commands to disable
DNS server
:
# apt purge bind9
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'bind9' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.7_Ensure_DNS_Server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994937"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994937">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994937"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'bind9' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.8 Ensure FTP Server is not installed
Description:
The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) provides networked computers with the ability to
transfer files.
FTP does not protect the confidentiality of data or authentication credentials. It
is recommended SFTP be used if file transfer is required. Unless there is a need to
run the system as a FTP server (for example, to allow anonymous downloads), it is
recommended that the package be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
vsftpd
:
# apt purge vsftpd
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'vsftpd' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.8_Ensure_FTP_Server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994940"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994940">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994940"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'vsftpd' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail2.2.9 Ensure HTTP server is not installed
Description:
HTTP or web servers provide the ability to host web site content.
Unless there is a need to run the system as a web server, it is recommended that the
package be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
apache2
:
# apt purge apache2
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'apache2' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
apache2 |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu3.15 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
2.4.41 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:2.4.41-4ubuntu3.15 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.9_Ensure_HTTP_server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.861-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994941"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994941">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994941"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'apache2' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>apache2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu3.15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>2.4.41</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:2.4.41-4ubuntu3.15</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.10 Ensure IMAP and POP3 server are not installed
Description:
dovecot-imapd
and dovecot-pop3d
are an open source IMAP and POP3 server for Linux based systems.
Unless POP3 and/or IMAP servers are to be provided by this system, it is recommended
that the package be removed to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run one of the following commands to remove
dovecot-imapd
and
dovecot-pop3d
:
# apt purge dovecot-imapd dovecot-pop3d
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'dovecot-imapd' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'dovecot-pop3d' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.10_Ensure_IMAP_and_POP3_server_are_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994945"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994945">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994945"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'dovecot-imapd' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994947"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994947">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994947"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'dovecot-pop3d' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.11 Ensure Samba is not installed
Description:
The Samba daemon allows system administrators to configure their Linux systems to
share file systems and directories with Windows desktops. Samba will advertise the
file systems and directories via the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. Windows
desktop users will be able to mount these directories and file systems as letter drives
on their systems.
If there is no need to mount directories and file systems to Windows systems, then
this service should be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
samba
:
# apt purge samba
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'samba' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.11_Ensure_Samba_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994948"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994948">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994948"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'samba' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.12 Ensure HTTP Proxy Server is not installed
Description:
Squid is a standard proxy server used in many distributions and environments.
If there is no need for a proxy server, it is recommended that the squid proxy be
deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
squid
:
# apt purge squid
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'squid' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.12_Ensure_HTTP_Proxy_Server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994951"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994951">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994951"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'squid' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.13 Ensure SNMP Server is not installed
Description:
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a widely used protocol for monitoring
the health and welfare of network equipment, computer equipment and devices like UPSs.
Net-SNMP is a suite of applications used to implement SNMPv1 (RFC 1157), SNMPv2 (RFCs
1901-1908), and SNMPv3 (RFCs 3411-3418) using both IPv4 and IPv6.
Support for SNMPv2 classic (a.k.a. "SNMPv2 historic" - RFCs 1441-1452) was dropped
with the 4.0 release of the UCD-snmp package.
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) server is used to listen for SNMP commands
from an SNMP management system, execute the commands or collect the information and
then send results back to the requesting system.
The SNMP server can communicate using
SNMPv1
, which transmits data in the clear and does not require authentication to execute
commands.
SNMPv3
replaces the simple/clear text password sharing used in
SNMPv2
with more securely encoded parameters. If the the SNMP service is not required, the
snmpd
package should be removed to reduce the attack surface of the system.
Note:
If SNMP is required:
-
The server should be configured for
SNMP v3
only.
User Authentication
and
Message Encryption
should be configured.
-
If
SNMP v2
is
absolutely
necessary, modify the community strings' values.
Run the following command to remove
snmpd
:
# apt purge snmpd
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'snmpd' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.13_Ensure_SNMP_Server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994955"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994955">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994955"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'snmpd' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.14 Ensure NIS Server is not installed
Description:
The Network Information Service (NIS) (formally known as Yellow Pages) is a client-server
directory service protocol for distributing system configuration files. The NIS server
is a collection of programs that allow for the distribution of configuration files.
The NIS service is inherently an insecure system that has been vulnerable to DOS attacks,
buffer overflows and has poor authentication for querying NIS maps. NIS generally
has been replaced by such protocols as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP).
It is recommended that the service be removed and other, more secure services be used
Run the following command to remove
nis
:
# apt purge nis
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'nis' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.14_Ensure_NIS_Server_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994957"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994957">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994957"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'nis' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.15 Ensure dnsmasq is not installed
Description:
dnsmasq
is a lightweight tool that provides DNS caching, DNS forwarding and DHCP (Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol) services.
Unless a system is specifically designated to act as a DNS caching, DNS forwarding
and/or DHCP server, it is recommended that the package be removed to reduce the potential
attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
dnsmasq
:
# apt purge dnsmasq
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'dnsmasq' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.15_Ensure_dnsmasq_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994960"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994960">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994960"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'dnsmasq' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.16 Ensure mail transfer agent is configured for local-only mode
Description:
Mail Transfer Agents (MTA), such as sendmail and Postfix, are used to listen for incoming
mail and transfer the messages to the appropriate user or mail server. If the system
is not intended to be a mail server, it is recommended that the MTA be configured
to only process local mail.
The software for all Mail Transfer Agents is complex and most have a long history
of security issues. While it is important to ensure that the system can process local
mail messages, it is not necessary to have the MTA's daemon listening on a port unless
the server is intended to be a mail server that receives and processes mail from other
systems.
Note:
- This recommendation is designed around the postfix mail server.
- Depending on your environment you may have an alternative MTA installed such as exim4.
If this is the case consult the documentation for your installed MTA to configure
the recommended state.
Edit
/etc/postfix/main.cf
and add the following line to the RECEIVING MAIL section. If the line already exists,
change it to look like the line below:
inet_interfaces = loopback-only
Run the following command to restart
postfix
:
# systemctl restart postfix
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Linux Custom Object "No Servers Listening On Port 25" |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.16_Ensure_mail_transfer_agent_is_configured_for_local-only_mode"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994965"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994965">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994965"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Linux Custom Object "No Servers Listening On Port 25"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.2.17 Ensure rsync service is either not installed or is masked
Description:
The rsync
service can be used to synchronize files between systems over network links.
The rsync
service presents a security risk as the
rsync protocol
is unencrypted. The
rsync
package should be removed or if required for dependencies, the
rsync
service should be stopped and masked to reduce the attack area of the system.
Run the following command to remove
rsync
:
# apt purge rsync
--
OR
--
Run the following commands to stop and mask
rsync
:
# systemctl stop rsync
# systemctl mask rsync
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'rsync.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'inactive' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
rsync.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'rsync.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'masked' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
rsync.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'rsync' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.17_Ensure_rsync_service_is_either_not_installed_or_is_masked"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994969"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994969_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994969"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994969">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994969"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'rsync.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'inactive'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>rsync.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994972"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994972_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994972"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994972">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994972"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'rsync.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'masked'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>rsync.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994967"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994967">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994967"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'rsync' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6, CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
2.3 Service Clients
A number of insecure services exist. While disabling the servers prevents a local
attack against these services, it is advised to remove their clients unless they are
required.
Note:
This should not be considered a comprehensive list of insecure service clients. You
may wish to consider additions to those listed here for your environment.
Pass2.3.1 Ensure NIS Client is not installed
Description:
The Network Information Service (NIS), formerly known as Yellow Pages, is a client-server
directory service protocol used to distribute system configuration files. The NIS
client was used to bind a machine to an NIS server and receive the distributed configuration
files.
The NIS service is inherently an insecure system that has been vulnerable to DOS attacks,
buffer overflows and has poor authentication for querying NIS maps. NIS generally
has been replaced by such protocols as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP).
It is recommended that the service be removed.
Uninstall
nis
:
# apt purge nis
Impact:
Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments.
Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required
it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional
misuse.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'nis' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.1_Ensure_NIS_Client_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7, CM-11</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994976"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994976">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994976"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'nis' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7, CM-11
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that
only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and
unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution. |
| Subcontrol: |
2.6 |
| Label: |
Address unapproved software |
| Description: |
Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in
a timely manner |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.3.2 Ensure rsh client is not installed
Description:
The rsh-client
package contains the client commands for the rsh services.
These legacy clients contain numerous security exposures and have been replaced with
the more secure SSH package. Even if the server is removed, it is best to ensure the
clients are also removed to prevent users from inadvertently attempting to use these
commands and therefore exposing their credentials. Note that removing the
rsh-client
package removes the clients for
rsh
, rcp
and rlogin
.
Uninstall
rsh
:
# apt purge rsh-client
Impact:
Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments.
Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required
it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional
misuse.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'rsh-client' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.2_Ensure_rsh_client_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994979"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994979">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994979"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'rsh-client' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.3.3 Ensure talk client is not installed
Description:
The talk
software makes it possible for users to send and receive messages across systems through
a terminal session. The
talk
client, which allows initialization of talk sessions, is installed by default.
The software presents a security risk as it uses unencrypted protocols for communication.
Uninstall
talk
:
# apt purge talk
Impact:
Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments.
Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required
it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional
misuse.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'talk' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.3_Ensure_talk_client_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994982"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994982">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994982"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'talk' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail2.3.4 Ensure telnet client is not installed
Description:
The telnet
package contains the
telnet
client, which allows users to start connections to other systems via the telnet protocol.
The telnet
protocol is insecure and unencrypted. The use of an unencrypted transmission medium
could allow an unauthorized user to steal credentials. The
ssh
package provides an encrypted session and stronger security and is included in most
Linux distributions.
Uninstall
telnet
:
# apt purge telnet
Impact:
Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments.
Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required
it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional
misuse.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'telnet' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
telnet |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
41.2build1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
0.17 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:0.17-41.2build1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.4_Ensure_telnet_client_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7, CM-11</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994985"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994985">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994985"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'telnet' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>telnet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>41.2build1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0.17</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:0.17-41.2build1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7, CM-11
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.3.5 Ensure LDAP client is not installed
Description:
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) was introduced as a replacement for
NIS/YP. It is a service that provides a method for looking up information from a central
database.
If the system will not need to act as an LDAP client, it is recommended that the software
be removed to reduce the potential attack surface.
Uninstall
ldap-utils
:
# apt purge ldap-utils
Impact:
Removing the LDAP client will prevent or inhibit using LDAP for authentication in
your environment.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ldap-utils' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.5_Ensure_LDAP_client_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994988"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994988">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994988"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ldap-utils' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass2.3.6 Ensure RPC is not installed
Description:
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) is a method for creating low level client server applications
across different system architectures. It requires an RPC compliant client listening
on a network port. The supporting package is rpcbind."
If RPC is not required, it is recommended that this services be removed to reduce
the remote attack surface.
Run the following command to remove
rpcbind
:
# apt purge rpcbind
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'rpcbind' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.6_Ensure__RPC_is_not_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994993"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994993">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994993"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'rpcbind' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual2.4 Ensure nonessential services are removed or masked
Description:
A network port is identified by its number, the associated IP address, and the type
of the communication protocol such as TCP or UDP.
A listening port is a network port on which an application or process listens on,
acting as a communication endpoint.
Each listening port can be open or closed (filtered) using a firewall. In general
terms, an open port is a network port that accepts incoming packets from remote locations.
Services listening on the system pose a potential risk as an attack vector. These
services should be reviewed, and if not required, the service should be stopped, and
the package containing the service should be removed. If required packages have a
dependency, the service should be stopped and masked to reduce the attack surface
of the system.
Run the following command to remove the package containing the service:
# apt purge <package_name>
OR
If required packages have a dependency:
Run the following commands to stop and mask the service:
# systemctl stop <service_name>.socket
# systemctl stop <service_name>.service
# systemctl mask <service_name>.socket
# systemctl mask <service_name>.service
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.4_Ensure_nonessential_services_are_removed_or_masked"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.862-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3 Network Configuration
This section provides guidance on for securing the network configuration of the system
through kernel parameters, access list control, and firewall settings.
Note:
-
sysctl settings are defined through files in
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/
, /run/sysctl.d/
, and /etc/sysctl.d/
.
-
Files must have the "
.conf
" extension.
-
Vendors settings live in
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/
-
To override a whole file, create a new file with the same name in
/etc/sysctl.d/
and put new settings there.
-
To override only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later name in
/etc/sysctl.d/
and put new settings there.
-
The paths where sysctl preload files usually exist
- /run/sysctl.d/*.conf
- /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
- /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
- /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
- /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
- /etc/sysctl.conf
-
On systems with Uncomplicated Firewall, additional settings may be configured in
/etc/ufw/sysctl.conf
-
The settings in
/etc/ufw/sysctl.conf
will override settings in
/etc/sysctl.conf
-
This behavior can be changed by updating the
IPT_SYSCTL
parameter in
/etc/default/ufw
3.1 Disable unused network protocols and devices
To reduce the attack surface of a system, unused network protocols and devices should
be disabled.
The Linux kernel modules support several network protocols that are not commonly used.
If these protocols are not needed, it is recommended that they be disabled in the
kernel.
Note:
This should not be considered a comprehensive list of uncommon network protocols,
you may wish to consider additions to those listed here for your environment.
Manual3.1.1 Ensure IPv6 status is identified
Description:
Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of Internet Protocol
(IP). It's designed to supply IP addressing and additional security to support the
predicted growth of connected devices. IPv6 is based on 128-bit addressing and can
support 340 undecillion addresses, which is 340 followed by 36 zeroes.
Features of IPv6
- Hierarchical addressing and routing infrastructure
- Stateful and Stateless configuration
- Support for quality of service (QoS)
- An ideal protocol for neighboring node interaction
IETF RFC 4038 recommends that applications are built with an assumption of dual stack.
It is recommended that IPv6 be enabled and configured in accordance with Benchmark
recommendations.
If dual stack and IPv6 are not used in your environment, IPv6 may be disabled to reduce
the attack surface of the system, and recommendations pertaining to IPv6 can be skipped.
Note:
It is recommended that IPv6 be enabled and configured unless this is against local
site policy
Enable or disable IPv6 in accordance with system requirements and local site policy
Impact:
IETF RFC 4038 recommends that applications are built with an assumption of dual stack.
When enabled, IPv6 will require additional configuration to reduce risk to the system.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Results:
- ** Fail **
- - IPv6 is enabled on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.1_Ensure_IPv6_status_is_identified"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Results:</l>
<l> ** Fail **</l>
<l> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Results:</li>
<li> ** Fail **</li>
<li> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass3.1.2 Ensure wireless interfaces are disabled
Description:
Wireless networking is used when wired networks are unavailable. Debian contains a
wireless tool kit to allow system administrators to configure and use wireless networks.
If wireless is not to be used, wireless devices can be disabled to reduce the potential
attack surface.
Run the following script to disable any wireless interfaces:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
module_fix()
{
if ! modprobe -n -v "$l_mname" | grep -P -- '^\h*install \/bin\/(true|false)'; then
echo -e " - setting module: \"$l_mname\" to be un-loadable"
echo -e "install $l_mname /bin/false" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mname".conf
fi
if lsmod | grep "$l_mname" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
echo -e " - unloading module \"$l_mname\""
modprobe -r "$l_mname"
fi
if ! grep -Pq -- "^\h*blacklist\h+$l_mname\b" /etc/modprobe.d/*; then
echo -e " - deny listing \"$l_mname\""
echo -e "blacklist $l_mname" >> /etc/modprobe.d/"$l_mname".conf
fi
}
if [ -n "$(find /sys/class/net/*/ -type d -name wireless)" ]; then
l_dname=$(for driverdir in $(find /sys/class/net/*/ -type d -name wireless | xargs
-0 dirname); do basename "$(readlink -f "$driverdir"/device/driver/module)";done |
sort -u)
for l_mname in $l_dname; do
module_fix
done
fi
}
Impact:
Many if not all laptop workstations and some desktop workstations will connect via
wireless requiring these interfaces be enabled.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_wireless_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - System has no wireless NICs installed
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.2_Ensure_wireless_interfaces_are_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/15/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/15/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_wireless_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_wireless_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_wireless_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l/>
<l> - System has no wireless NICs installed</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_wireless_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li/>
<li> - System has no wireless NICs installed</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 15: Wireless Access Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the security use of
wireless local area networks (WLANs), access points, and wireless client systems. |
| Subcontrol: |
15.4 |
| Label: |
Disable Wireless Access on Devices if Not Required |
| Description: |
Disable wireless access on devices that do not have a business purpose for wireless
access. |
- Control 15: Wireless Access Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the security use of
wireless local area networks (WLANs), access points, and wireless client systems. |
| Subcontrol: |
15.5 |
| Label: |
Limit Wireless Access on Client Devices |
| Description: |
Configure wireless access on client machines that do have an essential wireless business
purpose, to allow access only to authorized wireless networks and to restrict access
to other wireless networks. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass3.1.3 Ensure bluetooth is disabled
Description:
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard that is used for exchanging
data between devices over short distances. It employs UHF radio waves in the ISM bands,
from 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz. It is mainly used as an alternative to wire connections.
An attacker may be able to find a way to access or corrupt your data. One example
of this type of activity is
bluesnarfing
, which refers to attackers using a Bluetooth connection to steal information off
of your Bluetooth device. Also, viruses or other malicious code can take advantage
of Bluetooth technology to infect other devices. If you are infected, your data may
be corrupted, compromised, stolen, or lost.
Run the following commands to stop and mask the Bluetooth service
# systemctl stop bluetooth.service
# systemctl mask bluetooth.service
Note:
A reboot may be required
Impact:
Many personal electronic devices (PEDs) use Bluetooth technology. For example, you
may be able to operate your computer with a wireless keyboard. Disabling Bluetooth
will prevent these devices from connecting to the system.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'bluetooth.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal 'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
bluetooth.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'bluetooth.service' unit 'ActiveState' property not equal 'active' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
bluetooth.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
inactive |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.3_Ensure_bluetooth_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.cisa.gov/tips/st05-015</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995087"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995087_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995087"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995087">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995087"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'bluetooth.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>bluetooth.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995090"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995090_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995090"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995090">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995090"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'bluetooth.service' unit 'ActiveState' property not equal 'active'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>bluetooth.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>inactive</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://www.cisa.gov/tips/st05-015
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3.2 Network Parameters (Host Only)
The following network parameters are intended for use if the system is to act as a
host only. A system is considered host only if the system has a single interface,
or has multiple interfaces but will not be configured as a router.
Note:
Configuration files are read from directories in
/etc/
, /run/
, /usr/local/lib/
, and /lib/
, in order of precedence. Files must have the the
".conf"
extension. extension. Files in
/etc/
override files with the same name in
/run/
, /usr/local/lib/
, and /lib/
. Files in /run/
override files with the same name under
/usr/
.
All configuration files are sorted by their filename in lexicographic order, regardless
of which of the directories they reside in. If multiple files specify the same option,
the entry in the file with the lexicographically latest name will take precedence.
Thus, the configuration in a certain file may either be replaced completely (by placing
a file with the same name in a directory with higher priority), or individual settings
might be changed (by specifying additional settings in a file with a different name
that is ordered later).
Packages should install their configuration files in
/usr/lib/
(distribution packages) or
/usr/local/lib/
(local installs). Files in
/etc/
are reserved for the local administrator, who may use this logic to override the configuration
files installed by vendor packages. It is recommended to prefix all filenames with
a two-digit number and a dash, to simplify the ordering of the files.
If the administrator wants to disable a configuration file supplied by the vendor,
the recommended way is to place a symlink to
/dev/null
in the configuration directory in
/etc/
, with the same filename as the vendor configuration file. If the vendor configuration
file is included in the initrd image, the image has to be regenerated.
Fail3.2.1 Ensure packet redirect sending is disabled
Description:
ICMP Redirects are used to send routing information to other hosts. As a host itself
does not act as a router (in a host only configuration), there is no need to send
redirects.
An attacker could use a compromised host to send invalid ICMP redirects to other router
devices in an attempt to corrupt routing and have users access a system set up by
the attacker as opposed to a valid system.
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
- net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.1_Ensure_packet_redirect_sending_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995116_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995120_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.2.2 Ensure IP forwarding is disabled
Description:
The net.ipv4.ip_forward
and net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding
flags are used to tell the system whether it can forward packets or not.
Setting
net.ipv4.ip_forward
and net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding
to 0
ensures that a system with multiple interfaces (for example, a hard proxy), will never
be able to forward packets, and therefore, never serve as a router.
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
-IF-
IPv6 is enabled on the system:
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv6_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.ip_forward" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and
should have a value of: "0"
- - "net.ipv4.ip_forward" is incorrectly set to "1" in "/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf" and
should have a value of: "0"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" May be set in a file that's ignored by
load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.2_Ensure_IP_forwarding_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995127_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.ip_forward" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv4.ip_forward" is incorrectly set to "1" in "/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf" and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.ip_forward" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv4.ip_forward" is incorrectly set to "1" in "/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf" and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995131_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3.3 Network Parameters (Host and Router)
The following network parameters are intended for use on both host only and router
systems. A system acts as a router if it has at least two interfaces and is configured
to perform routing functions.
Note:
Configuration files are read from directories in
/etc/
, /run/
, /usr/local/lib/
, and /lib/
, in order of precedence. Files must have the the
".conf"
extension. extension. Files in
/etc/
override files with the same name in
/run/
, /usr/local/lib/
, and /lib/
. Files in /run/
override files with the same name under
/usr/
.
All configuration files are sorted by their filename in lexicographic order, regardless
of which of the directories they reside in. If multiple files specify the same option,
the entry in the file with the lexicographically latest name will take precedence.
Thus, the configuration in a certain file may either be replaced completely (by placing
a file with the same name in a directory with higher priority), or individual settings
might be changed (by specifying additional settings in a file with a different name
that is ordered later).
Packages should install their configuration files in
/usr/lib/
(distribution packages) or
/usr/local/lib/
(local installs). Files in
/etc/
are reserved for the local administrator, who may use this logic to override the configuration
files installed by vendor packages. It is recommended to prefix all filenames with
a two-digit number and a dash, to simplify the ordering of the files.
If the administrator wants to disable a configuration file supplied by the vendor,
the recommended way is to place a symlink to
/dev/null
in the configuration directory in
/etc/
, with the same filename as the vendor configuration file. If the vendor configuration
file is included in the initrd image, the image has to be regenerated.
Fail3.3.1 Ensure source routed packets are not accepted
Description:
In networking, source routing allows a sender to partially or fully specify the route
packets take through a network. In contrast, non-source routed packets travel a path
determined by routers in the network. In some cases, systems may not be routable or
reachable from some locations (e.g. private addresses vs. Internet routable), and
so source routed packets would need to be used.
Setting
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route
, net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route
, net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route
and net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route
to 0
disables the system from accepting source routed packets. Assume this system was capable
of routing packets to Internet routable addresses on one interface and private addresses
on another interface. Assume that the private addresses were not routable to the Internet
routable addresses and vice versa. Under normal routing circumstances, an attacker
from the Internet routable addresses could not use the system as a way to reach the
private address systems. If, however, source routed packets were allowed, they could
be used to gain access to the private address systems as the route could be specified,
rather than rely on routing protocols that did not allow this routing.
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
- net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
-IF-
IPv6 is enabled on the system:
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
- net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv6_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running
configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's
ignored by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running
configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running
configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's
ignored by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running
configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.1_Ensure_source_routed_packets_are_not_accepted"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995139_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995143_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995148_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995152_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.3.2 Ensure ICMP redirects are not accepted
Description:
ICMP redirect messages are packets that convey routing information and tell your host
(acting as a router) to send packets via an alternate path. It is a way of allowing
an outside routing device to update your system routing tables.
ICMP redirect messages are packets that convey routing information and tell your host
(acting as a router) to send packets via an alternate path. It is a way of allowing
an outside routing device to update your system routing tables. By setting
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects
, net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects
, net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects
, and
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects
to 0
, the system will not accept any ICMP redirect messages, and therefore, won't allow
outsiders to update the system's routing tables.
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
- net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
-IF-
IPv6 is enabled on the system:
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
- net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv6_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running
configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration
and should have a value of: "0"
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running
configuration and should have a value of: "0"
- - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.2_Ensure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995159_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995164_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" is correctly set to "0" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995168_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995172_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.3.3 Ensure secure ICMP redirects are not accepted
Description:
Secure ICMP redirects are the same as ICMP redirects, except they come from gateways
listed on the default gateway list. It is assumed that these gateways are known to
your system, and that they are likely to be secure.
It is still possible for even known gateways to be compromised. Setting
net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects
and net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects
to 0
protects the system from routing table updates by possibly compromised known gateways.
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = 0
- net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration
and should have a value of: "0"
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running
configuration and should have a value of: "0"
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.3_Ensure_secure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995179_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995182_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.3.4 Ensure suspicious packets are logged
Description:
When enabled, this feature logs packets with un-routable source addresses to the kernel
log.
Setting
net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians
and net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians to
1` enables this feature. Logging these packets allows an administrator to investigate
the possibility that an attacker is sending spoofed packets to their system.
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1
- net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians = 1
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians = 1
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" May be set in a file that's ignored by
load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.4_Ensure_suspicious_packets_are_logged"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995187_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995191_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Collect Detailed Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Configure detailed audit logging for enterprise assets containing sensitive data.
Include event source, date, username, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses,
and other useful elements that could assist in a forensic investigation. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Fail3.3.5 Ensure broadcast ICMP requests are ignored
Description:
Setting
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts
to 1
will cause the system to ignore all ICMP echo and timestamp requests to broadcast
and multicast addresses.
Accepting ICMP echo and timestamp requests with broadcast or multicast destinations
for your network could be used to trick your host into starting (or participating)
in a Smurf attack. A Smurf attack relies on an attacker sending large amounts of ICMP
broadcast messages with a spoofed source address. All hosts receiving this message
and responding would send echo-reply messages back to the spoofed address, which is
probably not routable. If many hosts respond to the packets, the amount of traffic
on the network could be significantly multiplied.
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.5_Ensure_broadcast_ICMP_requests_are_ignored"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995195_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.3.6 Ensure bogus ICMP responses are ignored
Description:
Setting
net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses
to 1
prevents the kernel from logging bogus responses (RFC-1122 non-compliant) from broadcast
reframes, keeping file systems from filling up with useless log messages.
Some routers (and some attackers) will send responses that violate RFC-1122 and attempt
to fill up a log file system with many useless error messages.
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" May be set in a file that's
ignored by load procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" is correctly set to "1" in the running
configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.6_Ensure_bogus_ICMP_responses_are_ignored"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995200_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.3.7 Ensure Reverse Path Filtering is enabled
Description:
Setting
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter
and net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter
to 1
forces the Linux kernel to utilize reverse path filtering on a received packet to
determine if the packet was valid. Essentially, with reverse path filtering, if the
return packet does not go out the same interface that the corresponding source packet
came from, the packet is dropped (and logged if
log_martians
is set).
Setting
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter
and net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter
to 1
is a good way to deter attackers from sending your system bogus packets that cannot
be responded to. One instance where this feature breaks down is if asymmetrical routing
is employed. This would occur when using dynamic routing protocols (bgp, ospf, etc)
on your system. If you are using asymmetrical routing on your system, you will not
be able to enable this feature without breaking the routing.
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
- net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Impact:
If you are using asymmetrical routing on your system, you will not be able to enable
this feature without breaking the routing.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration
and should have a value of: "1"
- - "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf"
and should have a value of: "1"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration
and should have a value of: "1"
- - "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf"
and should have a value of: "1"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.7_Ensure_Reverse_Path_Filtering_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995205_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "1"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf" and should have a value of: "1"</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "1"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf" and should have a value of: "1"</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995209_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "1"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf" and should have a value of: "1"</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "1"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" is incorrectly set to "2" in "/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf" and should have a value of: "1"</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.3.8 Ensure TCP SYN Cookies is enabled
Description:
When tcp_syncookies
is set, the kernel will handle TCP SYN packets normally until the half-open connection
queue is full, at which time, the SYN cookie functionality kicks in. SYN cookies work
by not using the SYN queue at all. Instead, the kernel simply replies to the SYN with
a SYN|ACK, but will include a specially crafted TCP sequence number that encodes the
source and destination IP address and port number and the time the packet was sent.
A legitimate connection would send the ACK packet of the three way handshake with
the specially crafted sequence number. This allows the system to verify that it has
received a valid response to a SYN cookie and allow the connection, even though there
is no corresponding SYN in the queue.
Attackers use SYN flood attacks to perform a denial of service attacked on a system
by sending many SYN packets without completing the three way handshake. This will
quickly use up slots in the kernel's half-open connection queue and prevent legitimate
connections from succeeding. Setting
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies
to 1
enables SYN cookies, allowing the system to keep accepting valid connections, even
if under a denial of service attack.
Set the following parameter in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv4_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" May be set in a file that's ignored by load
procedure **
- - Correctly set:
- - "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.8_Ensure_TCP_SYN_Cookies_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995213_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Correctly set:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Correctly set:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" is correctly set to "1" in the running configuration</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.3.9 Ensure IPv6 router advertisements are not accepted
Description:
This setting disables the system's ability to accept IPv6 router advertisements.
It is recommended that systems do not accept router advertisements as they could be
tricked into routing traffic to compromised machines. Setting hard routes within the
system (usually a single default route to a trusted router) protects the system from
bad routes. Setting
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra
and net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra
to 0
disables the system's ability to accept IPv6 router advertisements.
-IF-
IPv6 is enabled on the system:
Set the following parameters in
/etc/sysctl.conf
or a file in
/etc/sysctl.d/
ending in
.conf
:
- net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra = 0
- net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = 0
Example:
# printf "
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra = 0
net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = 0
" >> /etc/sysctl.d/60-netipv6_sysctl.conf
Run the following command to set the active kernel parameters:
# {
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra=0
sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1
}
Note:
If these settings appear in a conically later file, or later in the same file, these
settings will be overwritten
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration
and should have a value of: "0"
- - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" May be set in a file that's ignored by load
procedure **
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration
and should have a value of: "0"
- - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" is not set in an included file
- ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" May be set in a file that's ignored
by load procedure **
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.9_Ensure_IPv6_router_advertisements_are_not_accepted"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.863-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995218_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995222_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</l>
<l> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" is not set in an included file</l>
<l> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_kernel_parameter_chk_v2.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" is incorrectly set to "1" in the running configuration and should have a value of: "0"</li>
<li> - "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" is not set in an included file</li>
<li> ** Note: "net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra" May be set in a file that's ignored by load procedure **</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1,CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3.4 Firewall Configuration
A firewall is a set of rules. When a data packet moves into or out of a protected
network space, its contents (in particular, information about its origin, target,
and the protocol it plans to use) are tested against the firewall rules to see if
it should be allowed through
To provide a Host Based Firewall, the Linux kernel includes support for:
- Netfilter - A set of hooks inside the Linux kernel that allows kernel modules to register
callback functions with the network stack. A registered callback function is then
called back for every packet that traverses the respective hook within the network
stack. Includes the ip_tables, ip6_tables, arp_tables, and ebtables kernel modules.
These modules are some of the significant parts of the Netfilter hook system.
-
nftables - A subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification
of network packets/datagrams/frames. nftables is supposed to replace certain parts
of Netfilter, while keeping and reusing most of it. nftables utilizes the building
blocks of the Netfilter infrastructure, such as the existing hooks into the networking
stack, connection tracking system, userspace queueing component, and logging subsystem.
Is available in Linux kernels 3.13 and newer
.
In order to configure firewall rules for Netfilter or nftables, a firewall utility
needs to be installed. Guidance has been included for the following firewall utilities:
-
UncomplicatedFirewall (ufw) - Provides firewall features by acting as a front-end
for the Linux kernel's netfilter framework via the iptables backend.
ufw
supports both IPv4 and IPv6 networks
- nftables - Includes the nft utility for configuration of the nftables subsystem of
the Linux kernel
- iptables - Includes the iptables, ip6tables, arptables and ebtables utilities for
configuration Netfilter and the ip_tables, ip6_tables, arp_tables, and ebtables kernel
modules.
Note:
-
Only one
method should be used to configure a firewall on the system. Use of more than one
method could produce unexpected results
- This section is intended only to ensure the resulting firewall rules are in place,
not how they are configured
3.4.1 Configure UncomplicatedFirewall
If nftables or iptables are being used in your environment, please follow the guidance
in their respective section and pass-over the guidance in this section.
Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) is a program for managing a netfilter firewall designed
to be easy to use.
- Uses a command-line interface consisting of a small number of simple commands
- Uses iptables for configuration
- Rules are processed until first matching rule. The first matching rule will be applied.
Note:
- Configuration of a live system's firewall directly over a remote connection will often
result in being locked out
-
Rules should be ordered so that
ALLOW
rules come before
DENY
rules.
Fail3.4.1.1 Ensure ufw is installed
Description:
The Uncomplicated Firewall (ufw) is a frontend for iptables and is particularly well-suited
for host-based firewalls. ufw provides a framework for managing netfilter, as well
as a command-line interface for manipulating the firewall
A firewall utility is required to configure the Linux kernel's netfilter framework
via the iptables or nftables back-end.
The Linux kernel's netfilter framework host-based firewall can protect against threats
originating from within a corporate network to include malicious mobile code and poorly
configured software on a host.
Note:
Only one firewall utility should be installed and configured.
UFW
is dependent on the iptables package
Run the following command to install Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW):
apt install ufw
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/no_ufw.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1.1_Ensure_ufw_is_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.885-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995225"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995225">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995225"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_ufw.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/no_ufw.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/no_ufw.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/no_ufw.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass3.4.1.2 Ensure iptables-persistent is not installed with ufw
Description:
The
iptables-persistent
is a boot-time loader for netfilter rules, iptables plugin
Running both
ufw
and the services included in the iptables-persistent package may lead to conflict
Run the following command to remove the
iptables-persistent
package:
# apt purge iptables-persistent
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'iptables-persistent' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/no_ufw.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1.2_Ensure_iptables-persistent_is_not_installed_with_ufw"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.885-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995234"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995234">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995234"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables-persistent' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_ufw.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/no_ufw.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/no_ufw.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/no_ufw.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.1.3 Ensure ufw service is enabled
Description:
UncomplicatedFirewall (ufw) is a frontend for iptables. ufw provides a framework for
managing netfilter, as well as a command-line and available graphical user interface
for manipulating the firewall.
Note:
- When running ufw enable or starting ufw via its initscript, ufw will flush its chains.
This is required so ufw can maintain a consistent state, but it may drop existing
connections (eg ssh). ufw does support adding rules before enabling the firewall.
-
Run the following command before running
ufw enable
.
# ufw allow proto tcp from any to any port 22
- The rules will still be flushed, but the ssh port will be open after enabling the
firewall. Please note that once ufw is 'enabled', ufw will not flush the chains when
adding or removing rules (but will when modifying a rule or changing the default policy)
-
By default, ufw will prompt when enabling the firewall while running under ssh. This
can be disabled by using
ufw --force enable
The ufw service must be enabled and running in order for ufw to protect the system
Run the following command to unmask the
ufw
daemon:
# systemctl unmask ufw.service
Run the following command to enable and start the
ufw
daemon:
# systemctl --now enable ufw.service
active
Run the following command to enable ufw:
# ufw enable
Impact:
Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/ufw_enabled.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed. UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/no_ufw.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1.3_Ensure_ufw_service_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.885-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/en/man8/ufw.8.html</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_enabled.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_enabled.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_enabled.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed. UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_enabled.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed. UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_ufw.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/no_ufw.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/no_ufw.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/no_ufw.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/en/man8/ufw.8.html
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.1.4 Ensure ufw loopback traffic is configured
Description:
Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces
to deny traffic to the loopback network (127.0.0.0/8 for IPv4 and ::1/128 for IPv6).
Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical
to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback
network (127.0.0.0/8 for IPv4 and ::1/128 for IPv6) traffic should be seen, all other
interfaces should ignore traffic on this network as an anti-spoofing measure.
Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:
# ufw allow in on lo
# ufw allow out on lo
# ufw deny in from 127.0.0.0/8
# ufw deny in from ::1
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/ufw_status.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Missing ufw rule.
- - command "ufw status" not avaliable
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Results:
- ** Fail **
- - IPv6 is enabled on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/ufw_status.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Missing ufw rule.
- - command "ufw status" not avaliable
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/no_ufw.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1.4_Ensure_ufw_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.885-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995249_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_status.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
<l> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
<li> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Results:</l>
<l> ** Fail **</l>
<l> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Results:</li>
<li> ** Fail **</li>
<li> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995246_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_status.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
<l> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
<li> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_ufw.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/no_ufw.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/no_ufw.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/no_ufw.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual3.4.1.5 Ensure ufw outbound connections are configured
Description:
Configure the firewall rules for new outbound connections.
Note:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system.
- Unlike iptables, when a new outbound rule is added, ufw automatically takes care of
associated established connections, so no rules for the latter kind are required.
If rules are not in place for new outbound connections all packets will be dropped
by the default policy preventing network usage.
Configure ufw in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement
a policy to allow all outbound connections on all interfaces:
# ufw allow out on all
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1.5_Ensure_ufw_outbound_connections_are_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.885-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.1.6 Ensure ufw firewall rules exist for all open ports
Description:
Services and ports can be accepted or explicitly rejected.
Note:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- The remediation command opens up the port to traffic from all sources. Consult ufw
documentation and set any restrictions in compliance with site policy
To reduce the attack surface of a system, all services and ports should be blocked
unless required.
- Any ports that have been opened on non-loopback addresses need firewall rules to govern
traffic.
- Without a firewall rule configured for open ports, the default firewall policy will
drop all packets to these ports.
- Required ports should have a firewall rule created to allow approved connections in
accordance with local site policy.
- Unapproved ports should have an explicit deny rule created.
For each port identified in the audit which does not have a firewall rule, evaluate
the service listening on the port and add a rule for accepting or denying inbound
connections in accordance with local site policy:
Examples:
# ufw allow in <port>/<tcp or udp protocol>
# ufw deny in <port>/<tcp or udp protocol>
Note:
Examples create rules for from any, to any. More specific rules should be concentered
when allowing inbound traffic e.g only traffic from this network.
Example to allow traffic on port 443 using the tcp protocol from the 192.168.1.0 network:
ufw allow from 192.168.1.0/24 to any proto tcp port 443
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/ufw_open_ports.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - The following port(s) don't have a rule in UFW:
- 10250
- 10256
- 22
- 2379
- 2380
- 38766
- 39791
- 6443
- 8001
- 8080
- 8472
- 8888
- - End List
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 19: ufw: command not found
|
| Script: |
sce/no_ufw.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1.6_Ensure_ufw_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.885-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_open_ports.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_open_ports.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l>- The following port(s) don't have a rule in UFW: </l>
<l>10250</l>
<l>10256</l>
<l>22</l>
<l>2379</l>
<l>2380</l>
<l>38766</l>
<l>39791</l>
<l>6443</l>
<l>8001</l>
<l>8080</l>
<l>8472</l>
<l>8888</l>
<l>- End List</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 19: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_open_ports.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li>- The following port(s) don't have a rule in UFW: </li>
<li>10250</li>
<li>10256</li>
<li>22</li>
<li>2379</li>
<li>2380</li>
<li>38766</li>
<li>39791</li>
<li>6443</li>
<li>8001</li>
<li>8080</li>
<li>8472</li>
<li>8888</li>
<li>- End List</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 19: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_ufw.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/no_ufw.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/no_ufw.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/no_ufw.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.1.7 Ensure ufw default deny firewall policy
Description:
A default deny policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage will
be rejected.
Note:
Any port or protocol without a explicit allow before the default deny will be blocked
With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured
to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable
usage.
Run the following commands to implement a default
deny
policy:
# ufw default deny incoming
# ufw default deny outgoing
# ufw default deny routed
Impact:
Any port and protocol not explicitly allowed will be blocked. The following rules
should be considered before applying the default deny.
ufw allow git
ufw allow in http
ufw allow out http <- required for apt to connect to repository
ufw allow in https
ufw allow out https
ufw allow out 53
ufw logging on
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/ufw_status.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Missing ufw rule.
- - command "ufw status" not avaliable
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/ufw_status.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Missing ufw rule.
- - command "ufw status" not avaliable
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/ufw_status.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Missing ufw rule.
- - command "ufw status" not avaliable
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/no_ufw.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1.7_Ensure_ufw_default_deny_firewall_policy"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.885-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995264_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_status.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
<l> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
<li> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995267_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_status.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
<l> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
<li> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995269_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_status.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
<l> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
<li> - command "ufw status" not avaliable</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_ufw.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/no_ufw.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/no_ufw.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/no_ufw.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Both IPTables and NFTables are not configured</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3.4.2 Configure nftables
If Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) or iptables are being used in your environment, please
follow the guidance in their respective section and pass-over the guidance in this
section.
nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification
of network packets/datagrams/frames and is the successor to iptables. The biggest
change with the successor nftables is its simplicity. With iptables, we have to configure
every single rule and use the syntax which can be compared with normal commands.
With nftables, the simpler syntax, much like BPF (Berkely Packet Filter) means shorter
lines and less repetition. Support for nftables should also be compiled into the
kernel, together with the related nftables modules. Please ensure that your kernel
supports nf_tables before choosing this option.
Note:
- This section broadly assumes starting with an empty nftables firewall ruleset (established
by flushing the rules with nft flush ruleset).
- Remediation steps included only affect the live system, you will also need to configure
your default firewall configuration to apply on boot.
- Configuration of a live systems firewall directly over a remote connection will often
result in being locked out. It is advised to have a known good firewall configuration
set to run on boot and to configure an entire firewall structure in a script that
is then run and tested before saving to boot.
The following will implement the firewall rules of this section and open ICMP, IGMP,
and port 22(ssh) from anywhere. Opening the ports for ICMP, IGMP, and port 22(ssh)
needs to be updated in accordance with local site policy.
Allow port 22(ssh) needs to be updated to only allow systems requiring ssh connectivity
to connect, as per site policy
.
Save the script bellow as
/etc/nftables.rules
#!/sbin/nft -f
# This nftables.rules config should be saved as /etc/nftables.rules
# flush nftables rulesset
flush ruleset
# Load nftables ruleset
# nftables config with inet table named filter
table inet filter {
# Base chain for input hook named input (Filters inbound network packets)
chain input {
type filter hook input priority 0; policy drop;
# Ensure loopback traffic is configured
iif "lo" accept
ip saddr 127.0.0.0/8 counter packets 0 bytes 0 drop
ip6 saddr ::1 counter packets 0 bytes 0 drop
# Ensure established connections are configured
ip protocol tcp ct state established accept
ip protocol udp ct state established accept
ip protocol icmp ct state established accept
# Accept port 22(SSH) traffic from anywhere
tcp dport ssh accept
# Accept ICMP and IGMP from anywhere
icmpv6 type { destination-unreachable, packet-too-big, time-exceeded, parameter-problem,
mld-listener-query, mld-listener-report, mld-listener-done, nd-router-solicit, nd-router-advert,
nd-neighbor-solicit, nd-neighbor-advert, ind-neighbor-solicit, ind-neighbor-advert,
mld2-listener-report } accept
icmp type { destination-unreachable, router-advertisement, router-solicitation, time-exceeded,
parameter-problem } accept
ip protocol igmp accept
}
# Base chain for hook forward named forward (Filters forwarded network packets)
chain forward {
type filter hook forward priority 0; policy drop;
}
# Base chain for hook output named output (Filters outbount network packets)
chain output {
type filter hook output priority 0; policy drop;
# Ensure outbound and established connections are configured
ip protocol tcp ct state established,related,new accept
ip protocol udp ct state established,related,new accept
ip protocol icmp ct state established,related,new accept
}
}
Run the following command to load the file into nftables
# nft -f /etc/nftables.rules
All changes in the nftables subsections are temporary.
To make these changes permanent:
Run the following command to create the nftables.rules file
nft list ruleset > /etc/nftables.rules
Add the following line to
/etc/nftables.conf
include "/etc/nftables.rules"
Fail3.4.2.1 Ensure nftables is installed
Description:
nftables provides a new in-kernel packet classification framework that is based on
a network-specific Virtual Machine (VM) and a new nft userspace command line tool.
nftables reuses the existing Netfilter subsystems such as the existing hook infrastructure,
the connection tracking system, NAT, userspace queuing and logging subsystem.
Notes:
- nftables is available in Linux kernel 3.13 and newer
- Only one firewall utility should be installed and configured
- Changing firewall settings while connected over the network can result in being locked
out of the system
nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel that can protect against threats originating
from within a corporate network to include malicious mobile code and poorly configured
software on a host.
Run the following command to install
nftables
:
# apt install nftables
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.1_Ensure_nftables_is_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.886-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995274"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995274">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995274"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass3.4.2.2 Ensure ufw is uninstalled or disabled with nftables
Description:
Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) is a program for managing a netfilter firewall designed
to be easy to use.
Running both the
nftables
service and
ufw
may lead to conflict and unexpected results.
Run
one
of the following to either remove
ufwor
disable
ufw
and mask
ufw.service
:
Run the following command to remove
ufw
:
# apt purge ufw
-OR-
Run the following commands to disable
ufw
and mask
ufw.service
:
# ufw disable
# systemctl stop ufw.service
# systemctl mask ufw.service
Note:ufw disable
needs to be run before
systemctl mask ufw.service
in order to correctly disable
UFW
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/ufw_disabled.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.2_Ensure_ufw_is_uninstalled_or_disabled_with_nftables"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.886-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995279"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995279">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995279"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_disabled.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_disabled.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_disabled.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l>UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_disabled.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual3.4.2.3 Ensure iptables are flushed with nftables
Description:
nftables is a replacement for iptables, ip6tables, ebtables and arptables
It is possible to mix iptables and nftables. However, this increases complexity and
also the chance to introduce errors. For simplicity flush out all iptables rules,
and ensure it is not loaded
Run the following commands to flush iptables:
For iptables:
# iptables -F
For ip6tables:
# ip6tables -F
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.3_Ensure_iptables_are_flushed_with_nftables"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.886-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.2.4 Ensure a nftables table exists
Description:
Tables hold chains. Each table only has one address family and only applies to packets
of this family. Tables can have one of five families.
nftables doesn't have any default tables. Without a table being build, nftables will
not filter network traffic.
Run the following command to create a table in nftables
# nft create table inet <table name>
Example:
# nft create table inet filter
Impact:
Adding rules to a running nftables can cause loss of connectivity to the system
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nft_tables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nft_tables.sh: line 12: nft: command not found
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.4_Ensure_a_nftables_table_exists"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.887-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995287_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_tables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_tables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_tables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_tables.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_tables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_tables.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.2.5 Ensure nftables base chains exist
Description:
Chains are containers for rules. They exist in two kinds, base chains and regular
chains. A base chain is an entry point for packets from the networking stack, a
regular chain may be used as jump target and is used for better rule organization.
If a base chain doesn't exist with a hook for input, forward, and delete, packets
that would flow through those chains will not be touched by nftables.
Run the following command to create the base chains:
# nft create chain inet <table name> <base chain name> { type filter hook <(input|forward|output)>
priority 0 \; }
Example:
# nft create chain inet filter input { type filter hook input priority 0 \; }
# nft create chain inet filter forward { type filter hook forward priority 0 \; }
# nft create chain inet filter output { type filter hook output priority 0 \; }
Impact:
If configuring nftables over ssh,
creating
a
base chain
with a policy of
drop
will cause loss of connectivity.
Ensure that a rule allowing ssh has been added to the base chain prior to setting
the base chain's policy to drop
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nft_ruleset.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found
|
| Script: |
sce/nft_ruleset.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found
|
|
| Script: |
sce/nft_ruleset.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found
|
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.5_Ensure_nftables_base_chains_exist"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.887-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995292_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_ruleset.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995294_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_ruleset.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995297_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_ruleset.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.2.6 Ensure nftables loopback traffic is configured
Description:
Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces
to deny traffic to the loopback network
Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical
to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback
network traffic should be seen, all other interfaces should ignore traffic on this
network as an anti-spoofing measure.
Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:
# nft add rule inet filter input iif lo accept
# nft create rule inet filter input ip saddr 127.0.0.0/8 counter drop
-IF-
IPv6 is enabled on the system:
Run the following command to implement the IPv6 loopback rule:
# nft add rule inet filter input ip6 saddr ::1 counter drop
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nft_loopback.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - Loopback interface is not configured to accept network traffic
- - Network traffic from iPv4 loopback interface is not configured to drop
- - Network traffic from iPv6 loopback interface is not configured to drop
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.6_Ensure_nftables_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.887-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_loopback.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_loopback.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_loopback.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - Loopback interface is not configured to accept network traffic</l>
<l> - Network traffic from iPv4 loopback interface is not configured to drop</l>
<l> - Network traffic from iPv6 loopback interface is not configured to drop</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_loopback.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - Loopback interface is not configured to accept network traffic</li>
<li> - Network traffic from iPv4 loopback interface is not configured to drop</li>
<li> - Network traffic from iPv6 loopback interface is not configured to drop</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual3.4.2.7 Ensure nftables outbound and established connections are configured
Description:
Configure the firewall rules for new outbound, and established connections
If rules are not in place for new outbound, and established connections all packets
will be dropped by the default policy preventing network usage.
Configure nftables in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement
a policy to allow all outbound connections and all established connections:
# nft add rule inet filter input ip protocol tcp ct state established accept
# nft add rule inet filter input ip protocol udp ct state established accept
# nft add rule inet filter input ip protocol icmp ct state established accept
# nft add rule inet filter output ip protocol tcp ct state new,related,established
accept
# nft add rule inet filter output ip protocol udp ct state new,related,established
accept
# nft add rule inet filter output ip protocol icmp ct state new,related,established
accept
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.7_Ensure_nftables_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.887-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.2.8 Ensure nftables default deny firewall policy
Description:
Base chain policy is the default verdict that will be applied to packets reaching
the end of the chain.
There are two policies: accept (Default) and drop. If the policy is set to
accept
, the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured to be denied and the
packet will continue transversing the network stack.
It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable usage.
Note: Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being
locked out of the system.
Run the following command for the base chains with the input, forward, and output
hooks to implement a default DROP policy:
# nft chain <table family> <table name> <chain name> { policy drop \; }
Example:
# nft chain inet filter input { policy drop \; }
# nft chain inet filter forward { policy drop \; }
# nft chain inet filter output { policy drop \; }
Impact:
If configuring nftables over ssh, creating a base chain with a policy of drop will
cause loss of connectivity.
Ensure that a rule allowing ssh has been added to the base chain prior to setting
the base chain's policy to drop
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- "input" basechain does not have a default drop policy
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found
|
| Script: |
sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- "forward" basechain does not have a default drop policy
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found
|
|
| Script: |
sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- "output" basechain does not have a default drop policy
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found
|
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.8_Ensure_nftables_default_deny_firewall_policy"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.887-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">Manual Page nft</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995307_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>"input" basechain does not have a default drop policy</l>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>"input" basechain does not have a default drop policy</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995309_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>"forward" basechain does not have a default drop policy</l>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>"forward" basechain does not have a default drop policy</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995311_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>"output" basechain does not have a default drop policy</l>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>"output" basechain does not have a default drop policy</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 13: nft: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: Manual Page nft
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.2.9 Ensure nftables service is enabled
Description:
The nftables service allows for the loading of nftables rulesets during boot, or starting
on the nftables service
The nftables service restores the nftables rules from the rules files referenced in
the
/etc/nftables.conf
file during boot or the starting of the nftables service
Run the following command to enable the nftables service:
# systemctl enable nftables
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure standard service 'nftables' is enabled |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
nftables |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.9_Ensure_nftables_service_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.887-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995316"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995316">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995316"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure standard service 'nftables' is enabled</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>nftables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.2.10 Ensure nftables rules are permanent
Description:
nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification
of network packets/datagrams/frames.
The nftables service reads the
/etc/nftables.conf
file for a nftables file or files to include in the nftables ruleset.
A nftables ruleset containing the input, forward, and output base chains allow network
traffic to be filtered.
Changes made to nftables ruleset only affect the live system, you will also need to
configure the nftables ruleset to apply on boot
Edit the
/etc/nftables.conf
file and un-comment or add a line with
include <Absolute path to nftables rules file>
for each nftables file you want included in the nftables ruleset on boot
Example:
# vi /etc/nftables.conf
Add the line:
include "/etc/nftables.rules"
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/nftables.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*include\s+\S+ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_nftables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - No firewall is configured on the system
- -- INFO --
- - UFW is not configured
- - NFTables is not configured
- - IPTables is not configured
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2.10_Ensure_nftables_rules_are_permanent"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.887-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995320"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995320">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995320"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/nftables.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*include\s+\S+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - No firewall is configured on the system</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l> -- INFO --</l>
<l/>
<l> - UFW is not configured</l>
<l> - NFTables is not configured</l>
<l> - IPTables is not configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_nftables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - No firewall is configured on the system</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li> -- INFO --</li>
<li/>
<li> - UFW is not configured</li>
<li> - NFTables is not configured</li>
<li> - IPTables is not configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_nftables.sh: line 16: ufw: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3.4.3 Configure iptables
If Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) or nftables are being used in your environment, please
follow the guidance in their respective section and pass-over the guidance in this
section.
IPtables is an application that allows a system administrator to configure the IPv4
and IPv6 tables, chains and rules provided by the Linux kernel firewall. While several
methods of configuration exist this section is intended only to ensure the resulting
IPtables rules are in place, not how they are configured. If IPv6 is in use in your
environment, similar settings should be applied to the IP6tables as well.
Note:
Configuration of a live system's firewall directly over a remote connection will often
result in being locked out
3.4.3.1 Configure iptables software
This section provides guidance for installing, enabling, removing, and disabling software
packages necessary for using IPTables as the method for configuring and maintaining
a Host Based Firewall on the system.
Note: Using more than one method to configure and maintain a Host Based Firewall can
cause unexpected results. If FirewallD or NFTables are being used for configuration
and maintenance, this section should be skipped and the guidance in their respective
section followed.
Fail3.4.3.1.1 Ensure iptables packages are installed
Description:
iptables is a utility program that allows a system administrator to configure the
tables provided by the Linux kernel firewall, implemented as different Netfilter modules,
and the chains and rules it stores. Different kernel modules and programs are used
for different protocols; iptables applies to IPv4, ip6tables to IPv6, arptables to
ARP, and ebtables to Ethernet frames.
A method of configuring and maintaining firewall rules is necessary to configure a
Host Based Firewall.
Run the following command to install
iptables
and
iptables-persistent
# apt install iptables iptables-persistent
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
iptables |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
3ubuntu2.1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
1.8.4 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:1.8.4-3ubuntu2.1 |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'iptables-persistent' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.1.1_Ensure_iptables_packages_are_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.888-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995326"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995326">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995326"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>iptables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3ubuntu2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1.8.4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:1.8.4-3ubuntu2.1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995329"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995329">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995329"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables-persistent' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass3.4.3.1.2 Ensure nftables is not installed with iptables
Description:
nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification
of network packets/datagrams/frames and is the successor to iptables.
Running both
iptables
and
nftables
may lead to conflict.
Run the following command to remove
nftables
:
# apt purge nftables
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.1.2_Ensure_nftables_is_not_installed_with_iptables"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.888-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995333"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995333">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995333"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass3.4.3.1.3 Ensure ufw is uninstalled or disabled with iptables
Description:
Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) is a program for managing a netfilter firewall designed
to be easy to use.
- Uses a command-line interface consisting of a small number of simple commands
- Uses iptables for configuration
Running
iptables.persistent
with ufw enabled may lead to conflict and unexpected results.
Run
one
of the following commands to either remove
ufw
or stop and mask
ufw
Run the following command to remove
ufw
:
# apt purge ufw
-OR-
Run the following commands to disable
ufw
:
# ufw disable
# systemctl stop ufw
# systemctl mask ufw
Note:ufw disable
needs to be run before
systemctl mask ufw
in order to correctly disable
UFW
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/ufw_disabled.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.1.3_Ensure_ufw_is_uninstalled_or_disabled_with_iptables"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.888-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995338"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995338">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995338"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_disabled.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ufw_disabled.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ufw_disabled.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l>UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ufw_disabled.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>UFW status is: "UFW is not installed"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3.4.3.2 Configure IPv4 iptables
Iptables is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of IP packet filter rules
in the Linux kernel. Several different tables may be defined. Each table contains
a number of built-in chains and may also contain user-defined chains.
Each chain is a list of rules which can match a set of packets. Each rule specifies
what to do with a packet that matches. This is called a 'target', which may be a jump
to a user-defined chain in the same table.
Note:
This section broadly assumes starting with an empty IPtables firewall ruleset (established
by flushing the rules with iptables -F). Remediation steps included only affect the
live system, you will also need to configure your default firewall configuration to
apply on boot. Configuration of a live systems firewall directly over a remote connection
will often result in being locked out. It is advised to have a known good firewall
configuration set to run on boot and to configure an entire firewall structure in
a script that is then run and tested before saving to boot. The following script will
implement the firewall rules of this section and open port 22(ssh) from anywhere:
#!/bin/bash
# Flush IPtables rules
iptables -F
# Ensure default deny firewall policy
iptables -P INPUT DROP
iptables -P OUTPUT DROP
iptables -P FORWARD DROP
# Ensure loopback traffic is configured
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -s 127.0.0.0/8 -j DROP
# Ensure outbound and established connections are configured
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# Open inbound ssh(tcp port 22) connections
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
Fail3.4.3.2.1 Ensure iptables default deny firewall policy
Description:
A default deny all policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage
will be rejected.
Notes:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured
to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable
usage.
Run the following commands to implement a default DROP policy:
# iptables -P INPUT DROP
# iptables -P OUTPUT DROP
# iptables -P FORWARD DROP
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/iptables_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/iptables_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/iptables_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.2.1_Ensure_iptables_default_deny_firewall_policy"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.889-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995346_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/iptables_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/iptables_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995348_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/iptables_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/iptables_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995350_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/iptables_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/iptables_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.3.2.2 Ensure iptables loopback traffic is configured
Description:
Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces
to deny traffic to the loopback network (127.0.0.0/8).
Notes:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical
to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback
network (127.0.0.0/8) traffic should be seen, all other interfaces should ignore traffic
on this network as an anti-spoofing measure.
Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:
# iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
# iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
# iptables -A INPUT -s 127.0.0.0/8 -j DROP
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/iptables_input.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/iptables_input.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/iptables_output.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.2.2_Ensure_iptables_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.889-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995355_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_input.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/iptables_input.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/iptables_input.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/iptables_input.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995357_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_input.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/iptables_input.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/iptables_input.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/iptables_input.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995359_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_output.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/iptables_output.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/iptables_output.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/iptables_output.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual3.4.3.2.3 Ensure iptables outbound and established connections are configured
Description:
Configure the firewall rules for new outbound, and established connections.
Notes:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
If rules are not in place for new outbound, and established connections all packets
will be dropped by the default policy preventing network usage.
Configure iptables in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement
a policy to allow all outbound connections and all established connections:
# iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.2.3_Ensure_iptables_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.889-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.3.2.4 Ensure iptables firewall rules exist for all open ports
Description:
Any ports that have been opened on non-loopback addresses need firewall rules to govern
traffic.
Note:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
- The remediation command opens up the port to traffic from all sources. Consult iptables
documentation and set any restrictions in compliance with site policy
Without a firewall rule configured for open ports default firewall policy will drop
all packets to these ports.
For each port identified in the audit which does not have a firewall rule establish
a proper rule for accepting inbound connections:
# iptables -A INPUT -p <protocol> --dport <port> -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nix_iptables_openports_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- FAILED: The following open port(s) dont have a firewall rule: "8472", "38766", "2379",
"2380", "39791", "8080", "22", "8001"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.2.4_Ensure_iptables_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.889-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_iptables_openports_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_iptables_openports_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_iptables_openports_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>FAILED: The following open port(s) dont have a firewall rule: "8472", "38766", "2379", "2380", "39791", "8080", "22", "8001"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_iptables_openports_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>FAILED: The following open port(s) dont have a firewall rule: "8472", "38766", "2379", "2380", "39791", "8080", "22", "8001"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
3.4.3.3 Configure IPv6 ip6tables
Ip6tables is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of IPv6 packet filter
rules in the Linux kernel. Several different tables may be defined. Each table contains
a number of built-in chains and may also contain user-defined chains.
Each chain is a list of rules which can match a set of packets. Each rule specifies
what to do with a packet that matches. This is called a `target', which may be a jump
to a user-defined chain in the same table.
If IPv6 in enabled on the system, the ip6tables should be configured.
Note:
This section broadly assumes starting with an empty ip6tables firewall ruleset (established
by flushing the rules with ip6tables -F). Remediation steps included only affect the
live system, you will also need to configure your default firewall configuration to
apply on boot. Configuration of a live systems firewall directly over a remote connection
will often result in being locked out. It is advised to have a known good firewall
configuration set to run on boot and to configure an entire firewall structure in
a script that is then run and tested before saving to boot.
The following script will implement the firewall rules of this section and open port
22(ssh) from anywhere:
#!/bin/bash
# Flush ip6tables rules
ip6tables -F
# Ensure default deny firewall policy
ip6tables -P INPUT DROP
ip6tables -P OUTPUT DROP
ip6tables -P FORWARD DROP
# Ensure loopback traffic is configured
ip6tables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A INPUT -s ::1 -j DROP
# Ensure outbound and established connections are configured
ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
ip6tables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# Open inbound ssh(tcp port 22) connections
ip6tables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
Fail3.4.3.3.1 Ensure ip6tables default deny firewall policy
Description:
A default deny all policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage
will be rejected.
Note:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured
to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable
usage.
IF
IPv6 is enabled on your system:
Run the following commands to implement a default DROP policy:
# ip6tables -P INPUT DROP
# ip6tables -P OUTPUT DROP
# ip6tables -P FORWARD DROP
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/ip6tables_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/ip6tables_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/ip6tables_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Results:
- ** Fail **
- - IPv6 is enabled on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.3.1_Ensure_ip6tables_default_deny_firewall_policy"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995369_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ip6tables_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995371_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ip6tables_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995373_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/ip6tables_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Results:</l>
<l> ** Fail **</l>
<l> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Results:</li>
<li> ** Fail **</li>
<li> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass3.4.3.3.2 Ensure ip6tables loopback traffic is configured
Description:
Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces
to deny traffic to the loopback network (::1).
Note:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical
to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback
network (::1) traffic should be seen, all other interfaces should ignore traffic on
this network as an anti-spoofing measure.
Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:
# ip6tables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
# ip6tables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
# ip6tables -A INPUT -s ::1 -j DROP
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/iptv6_loopback.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| No output lines were collected. |
| Errors: |
- grep: /boot/grub/grub.cfg: No such file or directory
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Results:
- ** Fail **
- - IPv6 is enabled on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.3.2_Ensure_ip6tables_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptv6_loopback.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/iptv6_loopback.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/iptv6_loopback.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out/>
<err>
<l>grep: /boot/grub/grub.cfg: No such file or directory</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/iptv6_loopback.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No output lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>grep: /boot/grub/grub.cfg: No such file or directory</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Results:</l>
<l> ** Fail **</l>
<l> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Results:</li>
<li> ** Fail **</li>
<li> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual3.4.3.3.3 Ensure ip6tables outbound and established connections are configured
Description:
Configure the firewall rules for new outbound, and established IPv6 connections.
Note:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
If rules are not in place for new outbound, and established connections all packets
will be dropped by the default policy preventing network usage.
Configure iptables in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement
a policy to allow all outbound connections and all established connections:
# ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# ip6tables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# ip6tables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
# ip6tables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.3.3_Ensure_ip6tables_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail3.4.3.3.4 Ensure ip6tables firewall rules exist for all open ports
Description:
Any ports that have been opened on non-loopback addresses need firewall rules to govern
traffic.
Note:
- Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked
out of the system
- Remediation will only affect the active system firewall, be sure to configure the
default policy in your firewall management to apply on boot as well
- The remediation command opens up the port to traffic from all sources. Consult iptables
documentation and set any restrictions in compliance with site policy
Without a firewall rule configured for open ports default firewall policy will drop
all packets to these ports.
For each port identified in the audit which does not have a firewall rule establish
a proper rule for accepting inbound connections:
# ip6tables -A INPUT -p <protocol> --dport <port> -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nix_ip6tables_openports_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- FAILED: The following open port(s) dont have a firewall rule: "10250", "6443", "10256",
"22", "8888"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Results:
- ** Fail **
- - IPv6 is enabled on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/deb_no_iptables.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Failed:
- UFW is not configured on the system
- NFTables is not configured on the system
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3.3.4_Ensure_ip6tables_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ip6tables_openports_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ip6tables_openports_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ip6tables_openports_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>FAILED: The following open port(s) dont have a firewall rule: "10250", "6443", "10256", "22", "8888"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ip6tables_openports_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>FAILED: The following open port(s) dont have a firewall rule: "10250", "6443", "10256", "22", "8888"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Results:</l>
<l> ** Fail **</l>
<l> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ipv6_disabled_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Results:</li>
<li> ** Fail **</li>
<li> - IPv6 is enabled on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/deb_no_iptables.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Failed: </l>
<l>UFW is not configured on the system</l>
<l>NFTables is not configured on the system</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/deb_no_iptables.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Failed: </li>
<li>UFW is not configured on the system</li>
<li>NFTables is not configured on the system</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CA-9, SC-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.4 |
| Label: |
Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering |
| Description: |
Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny
rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on Servers |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a firewall on servers, where supported. Example implementations
include a virtual firewall, operating system firewall, or a third-party firewall agent. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.5 |
| Label: |
Implement and Manage a Firewall on End-User Devices |
| Description: |
Implement and manage a host-based firewall or port-filtering tool on end-user devices,
with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that
are explicitly allowed. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
4 Access, Authentication and Authorization
4.1 Configure time-based job schedulers
cron
is a time-based job scheduler used to schedule jobs, commands or shell scripts, to
run periodically at fixed times, dates, or intervals.
at
provides the ability to execute a command or shell script at a specified date and
hour, or after a given interval of time.
Notes:
-
Other methods exist for scheduling jobs, such as
systemd timers
. If another method is used, it should be secured in accordance with local site policy
- systemd timers
are systemd unit files whose name ends in
.timer
that control
.service
files or events
-
Timers can be used as an alternative to
cron
and
at
- Timers have built-in support for calendar time events, monotonic time events, and
can be run asynchronously
-
If
cron
and
at
are not installed, this section can be skipped
Pass4.1.1 Ensure cron daemon is enabled and active
Description:
The cron
daemon is used to execute batch jobs on the system.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
While there may not be user jobs that need to be run on the system, the system does
have maintenance jobs that may include security monitoring that have to run, and
cron
is used to execute them.
Run the following command to enable and start
cron
:
# systemctl unmask cron
# systemctl --now enable cron
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'cron.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
cron.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
enabled |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'cron.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
cron.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
ActiveState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
active |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1_Ensure_cron_daemon_is_enabled_and_active"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994989"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994989_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994989"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994989">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994989"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'cron.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>enabled</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994996"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994996_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994996"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994996">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994996"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'cron.service' unit 'ActiveState' property equals 'active'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ActiveState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>active</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994992"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994992">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994992"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Fail4.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/crontab are configured
Description:
The /etc/crontab
file is used by
cron
to control its own jobs. The commands in this item make sure that root is the user
and group owner of the file and that only the owner can access the file.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
This file contains information on what system jobs are run by cron. Write access to
these files could provide unprivileged users with the ability to elevate their privileges.
Read access to these files could provide users with the ability to gain insight on
system jobs that run on the system and could provide them a way to gain unauthorized
privileged access.
Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on
/etc/crontab
:
# chown root:root /etc/crontab
# chmod og-rwx /etc/crontab
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions ---rwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/crontab |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
crontab |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
1001 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
1001 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1581626682 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148761 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1581626682 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
1042 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etccrontab_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994999"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994999">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994999"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/crontab</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>crontab</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1001</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1581626682</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148761</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1581626682</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1042</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995004"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995004">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995004"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.hourly are configured
Description:
This directory contains system
cron
jobs that need to run on an hourly basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated
by the
crontab
command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The
commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing
regular users from accessing this directory.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them
the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this
directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges
or circumvent auditing controls.
Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on the
/etc/cron.hourly
directory:
# chown root:root /etc/cron.hourly/
# chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.hourly/
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.hourly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does
not have permissions ---rwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/cron.hourly |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
directory |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723258 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
4096 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.hourly_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995008"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995008">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995008"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.hourly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/cron.hourly</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>directory</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723258</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4096</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995014"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995014">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995014"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.daily are configured
Description:
The /etc/cron.daily
directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a daily basis. The files in
this directory cannot be manipulated by the
crontab
command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The
commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing
regular users from accessing this directory.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them
the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this
directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges
or circumvent auditing controls.
Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on the
/etc/cron.daily
directory:
# chown root:root /etc/cron.daily/
# chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.daily/
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.daily/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does
not have permissions ---rwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/cron.daily |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
directory |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723258 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
4096 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.daily_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995016"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995016">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995016"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.daily/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/cron.daily</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>directory</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723258</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4096</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995021"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995021">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995021"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.weekly are configured
Description:
The /etc/cron.weekly
directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a weekly basis. The files
in this directory cannot be manipulated by the
crontab
command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The
commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing
regular users from accessing this directory.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them
the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this
directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges
or circumvent auditing controls.
Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on the
/etc/cron.weekly
directory:
# chown root:root /etc/cron.weekly/
# chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.weekly/
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.weekly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does
not have permissions ---rwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/cron.weekly |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
directory |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723258 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
4096 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.weekly_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995024"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995024">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995024"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.weekly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/cron.weekly</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>directory</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723258</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4096</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995032"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995032">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995032"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.monthly are configured
Description:
The /etc/cron.monthly
directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a monthly basis. The files
in this directory cannot be manipulated by the
crontab
command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The
commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing
regular users from accessing this directory.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them
the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this
directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges
or circumvent auditing controls.
Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on the
/etc/cron.monthly
directory:
# chown root:root /etc/cron.monthly/
# chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.monthly/
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.monthly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does
not have permissions ---rwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/cron.monthly |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
directory |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723258 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
4096 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.monthly_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.890-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995037"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995037">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995037"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.monthly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/cron.monthly</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>directory</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723258</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4096</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995045"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995045">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995045"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.d are configured
Description:
The /etc/cron.d
directory contains system
cron
jobs that need to run in a similar manner to the hourly, daily weekly and monthly
jobs from
/etc/crontab
, but require more granular control as to when they run. The files in this directory
cannot be manipulated by the
crontab
command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The
commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing
regular users from accessing this directory.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them
the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this
directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges
or circumvent auditing controls.
Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on the
/etc/cron.d
directory:
# chown root:root /etc/cron.d/
# chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.d/
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.d/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions ---rwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/cron.d |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
directory |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148767 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723258 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
4096 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.d_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995050"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995050">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995050"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.d/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/cron.d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>directory</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148767</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723258</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4096</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995056"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995056">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995056"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.1.8 Ensure cron is restricted to authorized users
Description:
Configure
/etc/cron.allow
to allow specific users to use this service. If
/etc/cron.allow
does not exist, then
/etc/cron.deny
is checked. Any user not specifically defined in this file is allowed to use cron.
By removing the file, only users in
/etc/cron.allow
are allowed to use cron.
Note:
-
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
cron
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
-
Even though a given user is not listed in
cron.allow
, cron jobs can still be run as that user
-
The
cron.allow
file only controls administrative access to the crontab command for scheduling and
modifying cron jobs
On many systems, only the system administrator is authorized to schedule
cron
jobs. Using the
cron.allow
file to control who can run
cron
jobs enforces this policy. It is easier to manage an allow list than a deny list.
In a deny list, you could potentially add a user ID to the system and forget to add
it to the deny files.
Run the following script to:
-
Remove
/etc/cron.deny
if it exists
-
Create
/etc/cron.allow
if it doesn't exist
-
Change ownership of
/etc/cron.allow
to the
root
user
-
Change group ownership of
/etc/cron.allow
to the group
crontab
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
if dpkg-query -W cron > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_file="/etc/cron.allow"
l_mask='0137'
l_maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$l_mask)) )"
if [ -e /etc/cron.deny ]; then
echo -e " - Removing \"/etc/cron.deny\""
rm -f /etc/cron.deny
fi
if [ ! -e /etc/cron.allow ]; then
echo -e " - creating \"$l_file\""
touch "$l_file"
fi
while read l_mode l_fown l_fgroup; do
if [ $(( $l_mode & $l_mask )) -gt 0 ]; then
echo -e " - Removing excessive permissions from \"$l_file\""
chmod u-x,g-wx,o-rwx "$l_file"
fi
if [ "$l_fown" != "root" ]; then
echo -e " - Changing owner on \"$l_file\" from: \"$l_fown\" to: \"root\""
chown root "$l_file"
fi
if [ "$l_fgroup" != "crontab" ]; then
echo -e " - Changing group owner on \"$l_file\" from: \"$l_fgroup\" to: \"crontab\""
chgrp crontab "$l_file"
fi
done < <(stat -Lc '%#a %U %G' "$l_file")
else
echo -e "- cron is not installed on the system, no remediation required\n"
fi
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.allow exists and is owned by user 0 and does
not have permissions --x-wxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/cron.deny exists and unknown test |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
cron |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
136ubuntu1 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
3.0pl1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.8_Ensure_cron_is_restricted_to_authorized_users"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995060"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995060">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995060"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.allow exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995066"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995066">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995066"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/cron.deny exists and unknown test</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995070"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995070">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995070"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'cron' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>cron</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3.0pl1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:3.0pl1-136ubuntu1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.1.9 Ensure at is restricted to authorized users
Description:
Configure
/etc/at.allow
to allow specific users to use this service. If
/etc/at.allow
does not exist, then
/etc/at.deny
is checked. Any user not specifically defined in this file is allowed to use
at
. By removing the file, only users in
/etc/at.allow
are allowed to use
at
.
Note:
Other methods, such as
systemd timers
, exist for scheduling jobs. If another method is used,
at
should be removed, and the alternate method should be secured in accordance with local
site policy
On many systems, only the system administrator is authorized to schedule
at
jobs. Using the
at.allow
file to control who can run
at
jobs enforces this policy. It is easier to manage an allow list than a deny list.
In a deny list, you could potentially add a user ID to the system and forget to add
it to the deny files.
Run the following script to:
-
Remove
/etc/at.deny
if it exists
-
Create
/etc/at.allow
if it doesn't exist
-
Change ownership of
/etc/at.allow
to the
root
user
-
Change group ownership of
/etc/at.allow
to the group
root
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
if dpkg-query -W at > /dev/null 2>&1; then
l_file="/etc/at.allow"
l_mask='0137'
l_maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$l_mask)) )"
if [ -e /etc/at.deny ]; then
echo -e " - Removing \"/etc/at.deny\""
rm -f /etc/at.deny
fi
if [ ! -e /etc/at.allow ]; then
echo -e " - creating \"$l_file\""
touch "$l_file"
fi
while read l_mode l_fown l_fgroup; do
if [ $(( $l_mode & $l_mask )) -gt 0 ]; then
echo -e " - Removing excessive permissions from \"$l_file\""
chmod u-x,g-wx,o-rwx "$l_file"
fi
if [ "$l_fown" != "root" ]; then
echo -e " - Changing owner on \"$l_file\" from: \"$l_fown\" to: \"root\""
chown root "$l_file"
fi
if [ "$l_fgroup" != "root" ]; then
echo -e " - Changing group owner on \"$l_file\" from: \"$l_fgroup\" to: \"root\""
chgrp root "$l_file"
fi
done < <(stat -Lc '%#a %U %G' "$l_file")
else
echo -e "- cron is not installed on the system, no remediation required\n"
fi
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/at.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions ----wxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/at.deny exists and unknown test |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'at' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.9_Ensure_at_is_restricted_to_authorized_users"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995073"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995073">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995073"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/at.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ----wxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995080"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995080">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995080"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/at.deny exists and unknown test</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995084"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995084">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995084"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'at' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
4.2 Configure SSH Server
SSH is a secure, encrypted replacement for common login services such as
telnet
, ftp
, rlogin
, rsh
, and rcp
. It is strongly recommended that sites abandon older clear-text login protocols and
use SSH to prevent session hijacking and sniffing of sensitive data off the network.
Note:
-
The recommendations in this section only apply if the SSH daemon is installed on the
system, if remote access is
not
required the SSH daemon can be removed and this section skipped.
-
The following openSSH daemon configuration options,
Include
and Match
, may cause the audits in this section's recommendations to report incorrectly. It
is recommended that these options only be used if they're needed and fully understood.
If these options are configured in accordance with local site policy, they should
be accounted for when following the recommendations in this section.
-
The default
Include
location is the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d
directory. This default has been accounted for in this section. If a file has an additional
Include
that isn't this default location, the files should be reviewed to verify that the
recommended setting is not being over-ridden.
-
The audits of the running configuration in this section are run in the context of
the root user, the local host name, and the local host's IP address. If a
Match
block exists that matches one of these criteria, the output of the audit will be from
the match block. The respective matched criteria should be replaced with a non-matching
substitution.
-
Once all configuration changes have been made to
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
or any included configuration files, the
sshd
configuration must be reloaded
- Include
:
- Include the specified configuration file(s).
- Multiple pathnames may be specified and each pathname may contain glob(7) wildcards.
- Files without absolute paths are assumed to be in /etc/ssh.
- An Include directive may appear inside a Match block to perform conditional inclusion.
- Match
:
- Introduces a conditional block.
- If all of the criteria on the Match line are satisfied, the keywords on the following
lines override those set in the global section of the config file, until either another
Match line or the end of the file.
- If a keyword appears in multiple Match blocks that are satisfied, only the first instance
of the keyword is applied.
- The arguments to Match are one or more criteria-pattern pairs or the single token
All which matches all criteria. The available criteria are User, Group, Host, LocalAddress,
LocalPort, RDomain, and Address (with RDomain representing the rdomain(4) on which
the connection was received).
- The match patterns may consist of single entries or comma-separated lists and may
use the wildcard and negation operators described in the PATTERNS section of ssh_config(5).
- The patterns in an Address criteria may additionally contain addresses to match in
CIDR address/masklen format, such as 192.0.2.0/24 or 2001:db8::/32. Note that the
mask length provided must be consistent with the address - it is an error to specify
a mask length that is too long for the address or one with bits set in this host portion
of the address. For example, 192.0.2.0/33 and 192.0.2.0/8, respectively.
- Only a subset of keywords may be used on the lines following a Match keyword.
-
Available keywords are:
AcceptEnv
,
AllowAgentForwarding
,
AllowGroups
,
AllowStreamLocalForwarding
,
AllowTcpForwarding
,
AllowUsers
,
AuthenticationMethods
,
AuthorizedKeysCommand
,
AuthorizedKeysCommandUser
,
AuthorizedKeysFile
,
AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand
,
AuthorizedPrincipalsCommandUser
,
AuthorizedPrincipalsFile
,
Banner
,
ChrootDirectory
,
ClientAliveCountMax
,
ClientAliveInterval
,
DenyGroups
,
DenyUsers
,
ForceCommand
,
GatewayPorts
,
GSSAPIAuthentication
,
HostbasedAcceptedKeyTypes
,
HostbasedAuthentication
,
HostbasedUsesNameFromPacketOnly
,
Include
,
IPQoS
,
KbdInteractiveAuthentication
,
KerberosAuthentication
,
LogLevel
,
MaxAuthTries
,
MaxSessions
,
PasswordAuthentication
,
PermitEmptyPasswords
,
PermitListen
,
PermitOpen
,
PermitRootLogin
,
PermitTTY
,
PermitTunnel
,
PermitUserRC
,
PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes
,
PubkeyAuthentication
,
RekeyLimit
,
RevokedKeys
,
RDomain
,
SetEnv
,
StreamLocalBindMask
,
StreamLocalBindUnlink
,
TrustedUserCAKeys
,
X11DisplayOffset
,
X11Forwarding
and
X11UseLocalhost
.
Command to re-load the SSH daemon configuration:
# systemctl reload sshd
Command to remove the SSH daemon:
# apt purge openssh-server
Fail4.2.1 Ensure permissions on /etc/ssh/sshd_config are configured
Description:
The file
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
, and files ending in
.conf
in the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d
directory, contain configuration specifications for
sshd
.
configuration specifications for
sshd
need to be protected from unauthorized changes by non-privileged users.
Run the following script to set ownership and permissions on
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
and files ending in
.conf
in the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d
directory:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
chmod u-x,og-rwx /etc/ssh/sshd_config
chown root:root /etc/ssh/sshd_config
while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' l_file; do
if [ -e "$l_file" ]; then
chmod u-x,og-rwx "$l_file"
chown root:root "$l_file"
fi
done < <(find /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d -type f -print0)
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and is owned by 0:0 and
does not have permissions ---rwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/ssh/sshd_config |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/ssh |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
sshd_config |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723112 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148752 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723112 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
3309 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure any file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and is owned
by 0:0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
Any Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
^.+\.conf$ |
| Type |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Group Id |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| User Id |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
null |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
null |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
null |
| Size |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1_Ensure_permissions_on_etcsshsshd_config_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995089"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995089">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995089"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/ssh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>sshd_config</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723112</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148752</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723112</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>3309</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995103"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995103">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995103"
check="all"
check_existence="any_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure any file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>Any Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>^.+\.conf$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>null</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>null</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>null</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995098"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995098">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995098"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.2 Ensure permissions on SSH private host key files are configured
Description:
An SSH private key is one of two files used in SSH public key authentication. In
this authentication method, the possession of the private key is proof of identity.
Only a private key that corresponds to a public key will be able to authenticate successfully.
The private keys need to be stored and handled carefully, and no copies of the private
key should be distributed.
If an unauthorized user obtains the private SSH host key file, the host could be impersonated
Run the following script to set mode, ownership, and group on the private SSH host
key files:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_output="" l_output2=""
l_skgn="ssh_keys" # Group designated to own openSSH keys
l_skgid="$(awk -F: '($1 == "'"$l_skgn"'"){print $3}' /etc/group)" # Get gid of group
if [ -n "$l_skgid" ]; then
l_agroup="(root|$l_skgn)" && l_sgroup="$l_skgn" && l_mfix="u-x,g-wx,o-rwx"
else
l_agroup="root" && l_sgroup="root" && l_mfix="u-x,go-rwx"
fi
unset a_skarr && a_skarr=() # Clear and initialize array
while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' l_file; do # Loop to populate array
if grep -Pq ':\h+OpenSSH\h+private\h+key\b' <<< "$(file "$l_file")"; then
a_skarr+=("$(stat -Lc '%n^%#a^%U^%G^%g' "$l_file")")
fi
done < <(find -L /etc/ssh -xdev -type f -print0)
while IFS="^" read -r l_file l_mode l_owner l_group l_gid; do
l_out2=""
[ "$l_gid" = "$l_skgid" ] && l_pmask="0137" || l_pmask="0177"
l_maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$l_pmask )) )"
if [ $(( $l_mode & $l_pmask )) -gt 0 ]; then
l_out2="$l_out2\n - Mode: \"$l_mode\" should be mode: \"$l_maxperm\" or more restrictive\n
- Revoking excess permissions"
chmod "$l_mfix" "$l_file"
fi
if [ "$l_owner" != "root" ]; then
l_out2="$l_out2\n - Owned by: \"$l_owner\" should be owned by \"root\"\n - Changing
ownership to \"root\""
chown root "$l_file"
fi
if [[ ! "$l_group" =~ $l_agroup ]]; then
l_out2="$l_out2\n - Owned by group \"$l_group\" should be group owned by: \"${l_agroup//|/
or }\"\n - Changing group ownership to \"$l_sgroup\""
chgrp "$l_sgroup" "$l_file"
fi
[ -n "$l_out2" ] && l_output2="$l_output2\n - File: \"$l_file\"$l_out2"
done <<< "$(printf '%s\n' "${a_skarr[@]}")"
unset a_skarr
if [ -z "$l_output2" ]; then
echo -e "\n- No access changes required\n"
else
echo -e "\n- Remediation results:\n$l_output2\n"
fi
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- *** PASS ***
- - * Correctly set * :
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 28: & 0177 : syntax error:
operand expected (error token is "& 0177 ")
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_private_host_key_files_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> *** PASS ***</l>
<l>- * Correctly set * :</l>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 28: & 0177 : syntax error: operand expected (error token is "& 0177 ")</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> *** PASS ***</li>
<li>- * Correctly set * :</li>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 20: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_private_key_perm_chk.sh: line 28: & 0177 : syntax error: operand expected (error token is "& 0177 ")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995119"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995119">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995119"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.3 Ensure permissions on SSH public host key files are configured
Description:
An SSH public key is one of two files used in SSH public key authentication. In this
authentication method, a public key is a key that can be used for verifying digital
signatures generated using a corresponding private key. Only a public key that corresponds
to a private key will be able to authenticate successfully.
If a public host key file is modified by an unauthorized user, the SSH service may
be compromised.
Run the following script to set mode, ownership, and group on the public SSH host
key files:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_pmask="0133"
l_maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$l_pmask )) )"
awk '{print}' <<< "$(find -L /etc/ssh -xdev -type f -exec stat -Lc "%n %#a %U %G"
{} +)" | (while read -r l_file l_mode l_owner l_group; do
if file "$l_file" | grep -Pq ':\h+OpenSSH\h+(\H+\h+)?public\h+key\b'; then
echo -e " - Checking private key file: \"$l_file\""
if [ $(( $l_mode & $l_pmask )) -gt 0 ]; then
echo -e " - File: \"$l_file\" is mode \"$l_mode\" changing to mode: \"$l_maxperm\""
chmod u-x,go-wx "$l_file"
fi
if [ "$l_owner" != "root" ]; then
echo -e " - File: \"$l_file\" is owned by: \"$l_owner\" changing owner to \"root\""
chown root "$l_file"
fi
if [ "$l_group" != "root" ]; then
echo -e " - File: \"$l_file\" is owned by group \"$l_group\" changing to group \"root\""
chgrp "root" "$l_file"
fi
fi
done
)
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- *** PASS ***
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_public_host_key_files_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> *** PASS ***</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> *** PASS ***</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_ssh_public_key_chk.sh: line 14: file: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995129"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995129">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995129"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops,
Workstations and Servers: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security
configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous
configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers
from exploiting vulnerable services and settings. |
| Subcontrol: |
5.1 |
| Label: |
Establish Secure Configurations |
| Description: |
Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized
operating systems and software. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.2.4 Ensure SSH access is limited
Description:
There are several options available to limit which users and group can access the
system via SSH. It is recommended that at least one of the following options be leveraged:
- AllowUsers
:
-
The
AllowUsers
variable gives the system administrator the option of allowing specific users to
ssh
into the system. The list consists of space separated user names. Numeric user IDs
are not recognized with this variable. If a system administrator wants to restrict
user access further by only allowing the allowed users to log in from a particular
host, the entry can be specified in the form of user@host.
- AllowGroups
:
-
The
AllowGroups
variable gives the system administrator the option of allowing specific groups of
users to
ssh
into the system. The list consists of space separated group names. Numeric group IDs
are not recognized with this variable.
- DenyUsers
:
-
The
DenyUsers
variable gives the system administrator the option of denying specific users to
ssh
into the system. The list consists of space separated user names. Numeric user IDs
are not recognized with this variable. If a system administrator wants to restrict
user access further by specifically denying a user's access from a particular host,
the entry can be specified in the form of user@host.
- DenyGroups
:
-
The
DenyGroups
variable gives the system administrator the option of denying specific groups of users
to
ssh
into the system. The list consists of space separated group names. Numeric group IDs
are not recognized with this variable.
Restricting which users can remotely access the system via SSH will help ensure that
only authorized users access the system.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set one or more of the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
AllowUsers <userlist>
OR
AllowGroups <grouplist>
OR
DenyUsers <userlist>
OR
DenyGroups <grouplist>
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence,
Match
set statements withstanding. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in Include location. If the
Include
location is not the default,
/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf
, the audit will need to be modified to account for the
Include
location used.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^\h*(?i)(allow|deny)(users|groups)\h+"?\H+"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and
matches pattern ^\h*(?i)(allow|deny)(users|groups)\h+"?\H+"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - check sshd parameter: "allowusers|allowgroups|denyusers|denygroups"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.4_Ensure_SSH_access_is_limited"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995145"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995145">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995145"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^\h*(?i)(allow|deny)(users|groups)\h+"?\H+"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995150"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995150">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995150"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\h*(?i)(allow|deny)(users|groups)\h+"?\H+"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995135_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l> - check sshd parameter: "allowusers|allowgroups|denyusers|denygroups"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li> - check sshd parameter: "allowusers|allowgroups|denyusers|denygroups"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995140"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995140">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995140"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts |
| Description: |
Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary
account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative
activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.5 Ensure SSH LogLevel is appropriate
Description:
INFO
level is the basic level that only records login activity of SSH users. In many situations,
such as Incident Response, it is important to determine when a particular user was
active on a system. The logout record can eliminate those users who disconnected,
which helps narrow the field.
VERBOSE
level specifies that login and logout activity as well as the key fingerprint for
any SSH key used for login will be logged. This information is important for SSH key
management, especially in legacy environments.
SSH provides several logging levels with varying amounts of verbosity.
DEBUG
is specifically
not
recommended other than strictly for debugging SSH communications since it provides
so much data that it is difficult to identify important security information.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
LogLevel VERBOSE
OR
LogLevel INFO
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence,
Match
set statements withstanding. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in
Include
location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "loglevel INFO"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*LogLevel\s+(QUIET|FATAL|ERROR|DEBUG|DEBUG1|DEBUG2|DEBUG3) |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*LogLevel\h+\"?(QUIET|FATAL|ERROR|DEBUG|DEBUG1|DEBUG2|DEBUG3)\"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.5_Ensure_SSH_LogLevel_is_appropriate"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.891-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.ssh.com/ssh/sshd_config/</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12, SI-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995157_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "loglevel INFO"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "loglevel INFO"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995165"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995165">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995165"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*LogLevel\s+(QUIET|FATAL|ERROR|DEBUG|DEBUG1|DEBUG2|DEBUG3)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995171"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995171">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995171"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*LogLevel\h+\"?(QUIET|FATAL|ERROR|DEBUG|DEBUG1|DEBUG2|DEBUG3)\"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995162"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995162">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995162"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://www.ssh.com/ssh/sshd_config/
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12, SI-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Pass4.2.6 Ensure SSH PAM is enabled
Description:
The UsePAM
directive enables the Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) interface. If set to
yes
this will enable PAM authentication using
ChallengeResponseAuthentication
and PasswordAuthentication
directives in addition to PAM account and session module processing for all authentication
types.
When usePAM
is set to
yes
, PAM runs through account and session types properly. This is important if you want
to restrict access to services based off of IP, time or other factors of the account.
Additionally, you can make sure users inherit certain environment variables on login
or disallow access to the server
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
UsePAM yes
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in
Include
location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "usepam yes"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*UsePAM\h+"?no"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*UsePAM\h+"?no"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.6_Ensure_SSH_PAM_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995177_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "usepam yes"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "usepam yes"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995184"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995184">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995184"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*UsePAM\h+"?no"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995188"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995188">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995188"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*UsePAM\h+"?no"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995180"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995180">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995180"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.2.7 Ensure SSH root login is disabled
Description:
The PermitRootLogin
parameter specifies if the root user can log in using SSH. The default is
prohibit-password
.
Disallowing
root
logins over SSH requires system admins to authenticate using their own individual
account, then escalating to
root
. This limits opportunity for non-repudiation and provides a clear audit trail in
the event of a security incident.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
PermitRootLogin no
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence,
Match
set statements withstanding. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in
Include
location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - check sshd parameter: "permitrootlogin yes"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitRootLogin\h+"?(yes|prohibit-password|forced-commands-only)"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
At least one |
| Result: |
Fail |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/ssh/sshd_config |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/ssh |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
sshd_config |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
OBFUSCATED [PWD] |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
PermitRootLogin yes |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
PermitRootLogin yes |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
yes |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*PermitRootLogin\h+"?(yes|prohibit-password|forced-commands-only)"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.7_Ensure_SSH_root_login_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995194_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l> - check sshd parameter: "permitrootlogin yes"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li> - check sshd parameter: "permitrootlogin yes"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995202"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995202">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995202"
check="at least one"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitRootLogin\h+"?(yes|prohibit-password|forced-commands-only)"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>At least one</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/ssh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>sshd_config</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>PermitRootLogin yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>PermitRootLogin yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>yes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995204"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995204">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995204"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitRootLogin\h+"?(yes|prohibit-password|forced-commands-only)"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995198"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995198">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995198"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts |
| Description: |
Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary
account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative
activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.4 |
| Label: |
Restrict Administrator Privileges to Dedicated Administrator Accounts |
| Description: |
Restrict administrator privileges to dedicated administrator accounts on enterprise
assets. Conduct general computing activities, such as internet browsing, email, and
productivity suite use, from the user's primary, non-privileged account. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.8 Ensure SSH HostbasedAuthentication is disabled
Description:
The HostbasedAuthentication
parameter specifies if authentication is allowed through trusted hosts via the user
of .rhosts
, or /etc/hosts.equiv
, along with successful public key client host authentication.
Even though the
.rhosts
files are ineffective if support is disabled in
/etc/pam.conf
, disabling the ability to use
.rhosts
files in SSH provides an additional layer of protection.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
HostbasedAuthentication no
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence,
Match
set statements withstanding. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in
Include
location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "hostbasedauthentication no"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*HostbasedAuthentication\h+"?yes"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*HostbasedAuthentication\h+"?yes"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.8_Ensure_SSH_HostbasedAuthentication_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995210_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "hostbasedauthentication no"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "hostbasedauthentication no"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995217"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995217">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995217"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*HostbasedAuthentication\h+"?yes"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995221"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995221">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995221"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*HostbasedAuthentication\h+"?yes"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995214"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995214">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995214"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
Pass4.2.9 Ensure SSH PermitEmptyPasswords is disabled
Description:
The PermitEmptyPasswords
parameter specifies if the SSH server allows login to accounts with empty password
strings.
Disallowing remote shell access to accounts that have an empty password reduces the
probability of unauthorized access to the system.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
PermitEmptyPasswords no
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence,
Match
set statements withstanding. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in
Include
location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "permitemptypasswords no"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitEmptyPasswords\h+\"?yes\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*PermitEmptyPasswords\h+\"?yes\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.9_Ensure_SSH_PermitEmptyPasswords_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995227_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "permitemptypasswords no"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "permitemptypasswords no"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995233"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995233">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995233"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitEmptyPasswords\h+\"?yes\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995236"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995236">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995236"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitEmptyPasswords\h+\"?yes\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995229"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995229">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995229"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.10 Ensure SSH PermitUserEnvironment is disabled
Description:
The PermitUserEnvironment
option allows users to present environment options to the SSH daemon.
Permitting users the ability to set environment variables through the SSH daemon could
potentially allow users to bypass security controls (e.g. setting an execution path
that has SSH executing trojan'd programs)
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any Include entries as follows:
PermitUserEnvironment no
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in
Include
location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "permituserenvironment no"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitUserEnvironment\h+"?yes"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*PermitUserEnvironment\h+"?yes"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.10_Ensure_SSH_PermitUserEnvironment_is_disabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995239_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "permituserenvironment no"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "permituserenvironment no"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995244"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995244">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995244"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitUserEnvironment\h+"?yes"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995247"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995247">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995247"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*PermitUserEnvironment\h+"?yes"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995242"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995242">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995242"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
Pass4.2.11 Ensure SSH IgnoreRhosts is enabled
Description:
The IgnoreRhosts
parameter specifies that
.rhosts
and .shosts
files will not be used in
RhostsRSAAuthentication
or HostbasedAuthentication
.
Setting this parameter forces users to enter a password when authenticating with SSH.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any Include entries as follows:
IgnoreRhosts yes
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence,
Match
set statements withstanding. If
Include
locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your environment,
the entry may be created in a file in
Include
location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "ignorerhosts yes"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*ignorerhosts\h+"?no"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*ignorerhosts\h+"?no"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.11_Ensure_SSH_IgnoreRhosts_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995253_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "ignorerhosts yes"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "ignorerhosts yes"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995257"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995257">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995257"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*ignorerhosts\h+"?no"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995260"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995260">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995260"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*ignorerhosts\h+"?no"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995256"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995256">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995256"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.13 Ensure only strong Ciphers are used
Description:
This variable limits the ciphers that SSH can use during communication.
Note:
- Some organizations may have stricter requirements for approved ciphers.
- Ensure that ciphers used are in compliance with site policy.
-
The only "strong" ciphers currently FIPS 140-2 compliant are:
- aes256-ctr
- aes192-ctr
- aes128-ctr
Weak ciphers that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module cannot
be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and system data may be compromised.
- The Triple DES ciphers, as used in SSH, have a birthday bound of approximately four
billion blocks, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain clear text data
via a birthday attack against a long-duration encrypted session, aka a "Sweet32" attack.
- Error handling in the SSH protocol; Client and Server, when using a block cipher algorithm
in Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode, makes it easier for remote attackers to recover
certain plain text data from an arbitrary block of cipher text in an SSH session via
unknown vectors.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file add/modify the
Ciphers
line to contain a comma separated list of the site approved ciphers above any
Include
entries:
Example:
Ciphers chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence. If Include locations are enabled, used,
and order of precedence is understood in your environment, the entry may be created
in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - No incorrect values found
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.13_Ensure_only_strong_Ciphers_are_used"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/10"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2183</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.openssh.com/txt/cbc.adv</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5161</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.openssh.com/txt/cbc.adv</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995275_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - No incorrect values found</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - No incorrect values found</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995278"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995278">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995278"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2183
- URL: https://www.openssh.com/txt/cbc.adv
- URL: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5161
- URL: https://www.openssh.com/txt/cbc.adv
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.4 |
| Label: |
Encrypt All Sensitive Information in Transit |
| Description: |
Encrypt all sensitive information in transit. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.10 |
| Label: |
Encrypt Sensitive Data in Transit |
| Description: |
Encrypt sensitive data in transit. Example implementations can include: Transport
Layer Security (TLS) and Open Secure Shell (OpenSSH). |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.2.14 Ensure only strong MAC algorithms are used
Description:
This variable limits the types of MAC algorithms that SSH can use during communication.
Notes:
- Some organizations may have stricter requirements for approved MACs.
- Ensure that MACs used are in compliance with site policy.
-
The only "strong" MACs currently FIPS 140-2 approved are:
- hmac-sha2-256
- hmac-sha2-512
MD5 and 96-bit MAC algorithms are considered weak and have been shown to increase
exploitability in SSH downgrade attacks. Weak algorithms continue to have a great
deal of attention as a weak spot that can be exploited with expanded computing power.
An attacker that breaks the algorithm could take advantage of a MiTM position to decrypt
the SSH tunnel and capture credentials and information.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file and add/modify the MACs line to contain a comma separated list of the site approved
MACs above any
Include
entries:
Example:
MACs hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-256,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence. If Include locations are enabled, used,
and order of precedence is understood in your environment, the entry may be created
in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - "macs umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1"
contains incorrect values
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.14_Ensure_only_strong_MAC_algorithms_are_used"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.892-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/10"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">More information on SSH downgrade attacks can be found here: http://www.mitls.org/pages/attacks/SLOTH</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995280_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l/>
<l> - "macs umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1" contains incorrect values</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li/>
<li> - "macs umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1" contains incorrect values</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995281"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995281">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995281"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: More information on SSH downgrade attacks can be found here: http://www.mitls.org/pages/attacks/SLOTH
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.4 |
| Label: |
Encrypt All Sensitive Information in Transit |
| Description: |
Encrypt all sensitive information in transit. |
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.5 |
| Label: |
Encrypt Transmittal of Username and Authentication Credentials |
| Description: |
Ensure that all account usernames and authentication credentials are transmitted across
networks using encrypted channels. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.10 |
| Label: |
Encrypt Sensitive Data in Transit |
| Description: |
Encrypt sensitive data in transit. Example implementations can include: Transport
Layer Security (TLS) and Open Secure Shell (OpenSSH). |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.15 Ensure only strong Key Exchange algorithms are used
Description:
Key exchange is any method in cryptography by which cryptographic keys are exchanged
between two parties, allowing use of a cryptographic algorithm. If the sender and
receiver wish to exchange encrypted messages, each must be equipped to encrypt messages
to be sent and decrypt messages received
Notes:
- Kex algorithms have a higher preference the earlier they appear in the list
- Some organizations may have stricter requirements for approved Key exchange algorithms
- Ensure that Key exchange algorithms used are in compliance with site policy
-
The only Key Exchange Algorithms currently FIPS 140-2 approved are:
- ecdh-sha2-nistp256
- ecdh-sha2-nistp384
- ecdh-sha2-nistp521
- diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256
- diffie-hellman-group16-sha512
- diffie-hellman-group18-sha512
- diffie-hellman-group14-sha256
Key exchange methods that are considered weak should be removed. A key exchange method
may be weak because too few bits are used, or the hashing algorithm is considered
too weak. Using weak algorithms could expose connections to man-in-the-middle attacks
Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file add/modify the KexAlgorithms line to contain a
comma separated list of the site approved key exchange algorithms above any
Include
entries:
Example:
KexAlgorithms curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence. If Include locations are enabled, used,
and order of precedence is understood in your environment, the entry may be created
in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - No incorrect values found
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.15_Ensure_only_strong_Key_Exchange_algorithms_are_used"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.893-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/10"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-8</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995285_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - No incorrect values found</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - No incorrect values found</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995286"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995286">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995286"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: SC-8
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.4 |
| Label: |
Encrypt All Sensitive Information in Transit |
| Description: |
Encrypt all sensitive information in transit. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.10 |
| Label: |
Encrypt Sensitive Data in Transit |
| Description: |
Encrypt sensitive data in transit. Example implementations can include: Transport
Layer Security (TLS) and Open Secure Shell (OpenSSH). |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.2.17 Ensure SSH warning banner is configured
Description:
The Banner
parameter specifies a file whose contents must be sent to the remote user before authentication
is permitted. By default, no banner is displayed.
Banners are used to warn connecting users of the particular site's policy regarding
connection. Presenting a warning message prior to the normal user login may assist
the prosecution of trespassers on the computer system.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
Banner /etc/issue.net
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence, Match set statements withstanding.
If Include locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your
environment, the entry may be created in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "banner none"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.17_Ensure_SSH_warning_banner_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.893-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995299_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "banner none"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "banner none"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995300"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995300">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995300"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Fail4.2.18 Ensure SSH MaxAuthTries is set to 4 or less
Description:
The MaxAuthTries
parameter specifies the maximum number of authentication attempts permitted per connection.
When the login failure count reaches half the number, error messages will be written
to the
syslog
file detailing the login failure.
Setting the
MaxAuthTries
parameter to a low number will minimize the risk of successful brute force attacks
to the SSH server. While the recommended setting is 4, set the number based on site
policy.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
MaxAuthTries 4
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence, Match set statements withstanding.
If Include locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your
environment, the entry may be created in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - check sshd parameter: "maxauthtries 6"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*maxauthtries\s+([5-9]|[1-9][0-9]+) |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.18_Ensure_SSH_MaxAuthTries_is_set_to_4_or_less"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.893-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/13"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995304_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l> - check sshd parameter: "maxauthtries 6"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li> - check sshd parameter: "maxauthtries 6"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995308"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995308">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995308"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*maxauthtries\s+([5-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995305"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995305">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995305"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.13 |
| Label: |
Alert on Account Login Behavior Deviation |
| Description: |
Alert when users deviate from normal login behavior, such as time-of-day, workstation
location and duration. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Collect Detailed Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Configure detailed audit logging for enterprise assets containing sensitive data.
Include event source, date, username, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses,
and other useful elements that could assist in a forensic investigation. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Fail4.2.19 Ensure SSH MaxStartups is configured
Description:
The MaxStartups
parameter specifies the maximum number of concurrent unauthenticated connections
to the SSH daemon.
To protect a system from denial of service due to a large number of pending authentication
connection attempts, use the rate limiting function of MaxStartups to protect availability
of sshd logins and prevent overwhelming the daemon.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
MaxStartups 10:30:60
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence. If Include locations are enabled, used,
and order of precedence is understood in your environment, the entry may be created
in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - check sshd parameter: "maxstartups 10:30:100"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*maxstartups\h+\"?(((1[1-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):(3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):([0-9]+):(6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+))) |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*maxstartups\h+\"?(((1[1-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):(3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):([0-9]+):(6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1- |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.19_Ensure_SSH_MaxStartups_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.893-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995310_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l> - check sshd parameter: "maxstartups 10:30:100"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li> - check sshd parameter: "maxstartups 10:30:100"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995315"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995315">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995315"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*maxstartups\h+\"?(((1[1-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):(3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):([0-9]+):(6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)))</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995317"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995317">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995317"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*maxstartups\h+\"?(((1[1-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):(3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+):([0-9]+))|(([0-9]+):([0-9]+):(6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995313"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995313">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995313"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops,
Workstations and Servers: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security
configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous
configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers
from exploiting vulnerable services and settings. |
| Subcontrol: |
5.1 |
| Label: |
Establish Secure Configurations |
| Description: |
Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized
operating systems and software. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.1 |
| Label: |
Establish and Maintain a Secure Configuration Process |
| Description: |
Establish and maintain a secure configuration process for enterprise assets (end-user
devices, including portable and mobile, non-computing/IoT devices, and servers) and
software (operating systems and applications). Review and update documentation annually,
or when significant enterprise changes occur that could impact this Safeguard. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.2.20 Ensure SSH LoginGraceTime is set to one minute or less
Description:
The LoginGraceTime
parameter specifies the time allowed for successful authentication to the SSH server.
The longer the Grace period is the more open unauthenticated connections can exist.
Like other session controls in this session the Grace Period should be limited to
appropriate organizational limits to ensure the service is available for needed access.
Setting the
LoginGraceTime
parameter to a low number will minimize the risk of successful brute force attacks
to the SSH server. It will also limit the number of concurrent unauthenticated connections
While the recommended setting is 60 seconds (1 Minute), set the number based on site
policy.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
LoginGraceTime 60
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence, Match set statements withstanding.
If Include locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your
environment, the entry may be created in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - Reason(s) for audit failure:
- - check sshd parameter: "logingracetime 120"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*LoginGraceTime\h+\"?(0|6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+|[^1]m)\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*LoginGraceTime\h+"?(0|6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+|[^1]m)\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.20_Ensure_SSH_LoginGraceTime_is_set_to_one_minute_or_less"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.893-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995321_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</l>
<l> - check sshd parameter: "logingracetime 120"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - Reason(s) for audit failure:</li>
<li> - check sshd parameter: "logingracetime 120"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995325"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995325">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995325"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*LoginGraceTime\h+\"?(0|6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+|[^1]m)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995327"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995327">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995327"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*LoginGraceTime\h+"?(0|6[1-9]|[7-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+|[^1]m)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995322"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995322">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995322"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-6
Pass4.2.21 Ensure SSH MaxSessions is set to 10 or less
Description:
The MaxSessions
parameter specifies the maximum number of open sessions permitted from a given connection.
To protect a system from denial of service due to a large number of concurrent sessions,
use the rate limiting function of MaxSessions to protect availability of sshd logins
and prevent overwhelming the daemon.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameter above any
Include
entries as follows:
MaxSessions 10
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence, Match set statements withstanding.
If Include locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your
environment, the entry may be created in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "maxsessions 10"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*MaxSessions\h+"?(1[1-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*MaxSessions\h+"?(1[1-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.21_Ensure_SSH_MaxSessions_is_set_to_10_or_less"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.893-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995330_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "maxsessions 10"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "maxsessions 10"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995335"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995335">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995335"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*MaxSessions\h+"?(1[1-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995337"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995337">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995337"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*MaxSessions\h+"?(1[1-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995332"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995332">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995332"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SSHD_CONFIG(5)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass4.2.22 Ensure SSH Idle Timeout Interval is configured
Description:
Note:
To clarify, the two settings described below are only meant for idle connections from
a protocol perspective and are not meant to check if the user is active or not. An
idle user does not mean an idle connection. SSH does not and never had, intentionally,
the capability to drop idle users. In SSH versions before
8.2p1
there was a bug that caused these values to behave in such a manner that they were
abused to disconnect idle users. This bug has been resolved in
8.2p1
and thus it can no longer be abused disconnect idle users.
The two options
ClientAliveInterval
and ClientAliveCountMax
control the timeout of SSH sessions. Taken directly from
man 5 sshd_config
:
-
ClientAliveInterval
Sets a timeout interval in seconds after which if no data has been received from the
client, sshd(8) will send a message through the encrypted channel to request a response
from the client. The default is 0, indicating that these messages will not be sent
to the client.
-
ClientAliveCountMax
Sets the number of client alive messages which may be sent without sshd(8) receiving
any messages back from the client. If this threshold is reached while client alive
messages are being sent, sshd will disconnect the client, terminating the session.
It is important to note that the use of client alive messages is very different from
TCPKeepAlive. The client alive messages are sent through the encrypted channel and
therefore will not be spoofable. The TCP keepalive option en‐abled by TCPKeepAlive
is spoofable. The client alive mechanism is valuable when the client or server depend
on knowing when a connection has become unresponsive.
The default value is 3. If ClientAliveInterval is set to 15, and ClientAliveCountMax
is left at the default, unresponsive SSH clients will be disconnected after approximately
45 seconds. Setting a zero ClientAliveCountMax disables connection termination.
In order to prevent resource exhaustion, appropriate values should be set for both
ClientAliveInterval
and ClientAliveCountMax
. Specifically, looking at the source code,
ClientAliveCountMax
must be greater than zero in order to utilize the ability of SSH to drop idle connections.
If connections are allowed to stay open indefinately, this can potentially be used
as a DDOS attack or simple resource exhaustion could occur over unreliable networks.
The example set here is a 45 second timeout. Consult your site policy for network
timeouts and apply as appropriate.
Edit the
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
file to set the parameters above any
Include
entries according to site policy.
Example:
ClientAliveInterval 15
ClientAliveCountMax 3
Note:
First occurrence of a option takes precedence, Match set statements withstanding.
If Include locations are enabled, used, and order of precedence is understood in your
environment, the entry may be created in a file in Include location.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/sshd_running_config.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - sshd parameter: "clientalivecountmax 3"
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*ClientAliveCountMax\h+"?0\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*ClientAliveCountMax\h+"?0\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
openssh-server |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
1 |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
4ubuntu0.11 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
8.2p1 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.22_Ensure_SSH_Idle_Timeout_Interval_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://man.openbsd.org/sshd_config</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995340_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - sshd parameter: "clientalivecountmax 3"</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - sshd parameter: "clientalivecountmax 3"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995345"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995345">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995345"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*ClientAliveCountMax\h+"?0\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995347"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995347">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995347"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*ClientAliveCountMax\h+"?0\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995342"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995342">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995342"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>openssh-server</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>8.2p1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.11</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://man.openbsd.org/sshd_config
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
4.3 Configure privilege escalation
There are various tools which allows a permitted user to execute a command as the
superuser or another user, as specified by the security policy.
sudo
sudo documentation
The invoking user's real (not effective) user ID is used to determine the user name
with which to query the security policy.
sudo
supports a plug-in architecture for security policies and input/output logging. Third
parties can develop and distribute their own policy and I/O logging plug-ins to work
seamlessly with the
sudo
front end. The default security policy is
sudoers
, which is configured via the file
/etc/sudoers
and any entries in
/etc/sudoers.d
.
pkexec
pkexec documentation
pkexec
allows an authorized user to execute
PROGRAM
as another user. If
username
is not specified, then the program will be executed as the administrative super user,
root
.
Pass4.3.1 Ensure sudo is installed
Description:
sudo
allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as
specified by the security policy. The invoking user's real (not effective) user ID
is used to determine the user name with which to query the security policy.
sudo
supports a plug-in architecture for security policies and input/output logging. Third
parties can develop and distribute their own policy and I/O logging plug-ins to work
seamlessly with the
sudo
front end. The default security policy is
sudoers
, which is configured via the file
/etc/sudoers
and any entries in
/etc/sudoers.d
.
The security policy determines what privileges, if any, a user has to run
sudo
. The policy may require that users authenticate themselves with a password or another
authentication mechanism. If authentication is required,
sudo
will exit if the user's password is not entered within a configurable time limit.
This limit is policy-specific.
First determine is LDAP functionality is required. If so, then install
sudo-ldap
, else install
sudo
.
Example:
# apt install sudo
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'sudo' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Dpkginfo Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Name |
String |
Exists |
sudo |
| Arch |
String |
Exists |
amd64 |
| Epoch |
String |
Exists |
(none) |
| Release |
String |
Exists |
1ubuntu1.5 |
| Version |
String |
Exists |
1.8.31 |
| Evr |
Evr String |
Exists |
0:1.8.31-1ubuntu1.5 |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'sudo-ldap' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3.1_Ensure_sudo_is_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SUDO(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-2, AC-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995351"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995351">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995351"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'sudo' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Name</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>sudo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Arch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>amd64</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Epoch</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(none)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Release</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1ubuntu1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Version</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1.8.31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evr</td>
<td>Evr String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0:1.8.31-1ubuntu1.5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995353"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995353">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995353"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'sudo-ldap' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SUDO(8)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-2, AC-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts |
| Description: |
Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary
account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative
activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.4 |
| Label: |
Restrict Administrator Privileges to Dedicated Administrator Accounts |
| Description: |
Restrict administrator privileges to dedicated administrator accounts on enterprise
assets. Conduct general computing activities, such as internet browsing, email, and
productivity suite use, from the user's primary, non-privileged account. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.3.2 Ensure sudo commands use pty
Description:
sudo
can be configured to run only from a pseudo terminal (
pseudo-pty
).
Attackers can run a malicious program using
sudo
which would fork a background process that remains even when the main program has
finished executing.
Edit the file
/etc/sudoers
with
visudo
or a file in
/etc/sudoers.d/
with
visudo -f <PATH TO FILE>
and add the following line:
Defaults use_pty
Note:
-
sudo will read each file in
/etc/sudoers.d
, skipping file names that end in
~
or contain a
.
character to avoid causing problems with package manager or editor temporary/backup
files.
-
Files are parsed in sorted lexical order. That is,
/etc/sudoers.d/01_first
will be parsed before
/etc/sudoers.d/10_second
.
-
Be aware that because the sorting is lexical, not numeric,
/etc/sudoers.d/1_whoops
would be loaded after
/etc/sudoers.d/10_second
.
- Using a consistent number of leading zeroes in the file names can be used to avoid
such problems.
Impact:
WARNING:
Editing the
sudo
configuration incorrectly can cause
sudo
to stop functioning. Always use
visudo
to modify
sudo
configuration files.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#\n\r]+,)?use_pty(,\h*\h+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#\n\r]+,)?use_pty(,\h*\h+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3.2_Ensure_sudo_commands_use_pty"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SUDO(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">VISUDO(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">sudoers(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995356"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995356">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995356"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#\n\r]+,)?use_pty(,\h*\h+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995358"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995358">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995358"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#\n\r]+,)?use_pty(,\h*\h+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SUDO(8)
- URL: VISUDO(8)
- URL: sudoers(5)
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops,
Workstations and Servers: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security
configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous
configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers
from exploiting vulnerable services and settings. |
| Subcontrol: |
5.1 |
| Label: |
Establish Secure Configurations |
| Description: |
Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized
operating systems and software. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.4 |
| Label: |
Restrict Administrator Privileges to Dedicated Administrator Accounts |
| Description: |
Restrict administrator privileges to dedicated administrator accounts on enterprise
assets. Conduct general computing activities, such as internet browsing, email, and
productivity suite use, from the user's primary, non-privileged account. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.3.3 Ensure sudo log file exists
Description:
sudo can use a custom log file
A sudo log file simplifies auditing of sudo commands
Edit the file
/etc/sudoers
or a file in
/etc/sudoers.d/
with
visudo
or
visudo -f <PATH TO FILE>
and add the following line:
Example:
Defaults logfile="/var/log/sudo.log"
Note:
-
sudo will read each file in
/etc/sudoers.d
, skipping file names that end in
~
or contain a
.
character to avoid causing problems with package manager or editor temporary/backup
files.
-
Files are parsed in sorted lexical order. That is,
/etc/sudoers.d/01_first
will be parsed before
/etc/sudoers.d/10_second
.
-
Be aware that because the sorting is lexical, not numeric,
/etc/sudoers.d/1_whoops
would be loaded after
/etc/sudoers.d/10_second
.
- Using a consistent number of leading zeroes in the file names can be used to avoid
such problems.
Impact:
WARNING:
Editing the
sudo
configuration incorrectly can cause
sudo
to stop functioning. Always use
visudo
to modify
sudo
configuration files.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#]+,\h*)?logfile\h*=\h*(\"|\')?\H+(\"|\')?(,\h*\H+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d exists and matches pattern
^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#]+,\h*)?logfile\h*=\h*(\"|\')?\H+(\"|\')?(,\h*\H+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3.3_Ensure_sudo_log_file_exists"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">SUDO(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">VISUDO(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">sudoers(5)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995362"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995362">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995362"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#]+,\h*)?logfile\h*=\h*(\"|\')?\H+(\"|\')?(,\h*\H+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995363"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995363">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995363"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\h*Defaults\h+([^#]+,\h*)?logfile\h*=\h*(\"|\')?\H+(\"|\')?(,\h*\H+\h*)*\h*(#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: SUDO(8)
- URL: VISUDO(8)
- URL: sudoers(5)
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.5 |
| Label: |
Collect Detailed Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Configure detailed audit logging for enterprise assets containing sensitive data.
Include event source, date, username, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses,
and other useful elements that could assist in a forensic investigation. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Pass4.3.5 Ensure re-authentication for privilege escalation is not disabled globally
Description:
The operating system must be configured so that users must re-authenticate for privilege
escalation.
Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they
do not have authorization.
When operating systems provide the capability to escalate a functional capability,
it is critical the user re-authenticate.
Configure the operating system to require users to reauthenticate for privilege escalation.
Based on the outcome of the audit procedure, use
visudo -f <PATH TO FILE>
to edit the relevant sudoers file.
Remove any occurrences of
!authenticate
tags in the file(s).
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*([^#\n\r]+\h+)?\!authenticate\b(\.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*([^#\n\r]+\h+)?\!authenticate\b(\.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3.5_Ensure_re-authentication_for_privilege_escalation_is_not_disabled_globally"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995372"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995372">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995372"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*([^#\n\r]+\h+)?\!authenticate\b(\.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995374"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995374">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995374"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*([^#\n\r]+\h+)?\!authenticate\b(\.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts |
| Description: |
Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary
account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative
activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.4 |
| Label: |
Restrict Administrator Privileges to Dedicated Administrator Accounts |
| Description: |
Restrict administrator privileges to dedicated administrator accounts on enterprise
assets. Conduct general computing activities, such as internet browsing, email, and
productivity suite use, from the user's primary, non-privileged account. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.3.6 Ensure sudo authentication timeout is configured correctly
Description:
sudo
caches used credentials for a default of 15 minutes. This is for ease of use when
there are multiple administrative tasks to perform. The timeout can be modified to
suit local security policies.
This default is distribution specific. See audit section for further information.
Setting a timeout value reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized privileged
access to another user.
If the currently configured timeout is larger than 15 minutes, edit the file listed
in the audit section with
visudo -f <PATH TO FILE>
and modify the entry
timestamp_timeout=
to 15 minutes or less as per your site policy. The value is in minutes. This particular
entry may appear on it's own, or on the same line as
env_reset
. See the following two examples:
Defaults env_reset, timestamp_timeout=15
Defaults timestamp_timeout=15
Defaults env_reset
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*defaults\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h*,\h*)?timestamp_timeout=(-1|1[6-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b(\h*,\h*.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*defaults\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h*,\h*)?timestamp_timeout=(-1|1[6-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b(\h*,\h*.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3.6_Ensure_sudo_authentication_timeout_is_configured_correctly"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.sudo.ws/man/1.9.0/sudoers.man.html</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995378"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995378">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995378"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*defaults\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h*,\h*)?timestamp_timeout=(-1|1[6-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b(\h*,\h*.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995380"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995380">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995380"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*defaults\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h*,\h*)?timestamp_timeout=(-1|1[6-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9]+)\b(\h*,\h*.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://www.sudo.ws/man/1.9.0/sudoers.man.html
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts |
| Description: |
Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary
account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative
activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.4 |
| Label: |
Restrict Administrator Privileges to Dedicated Administrator Accounts |
| Description: |
Restrict administrator privileges to dedicated administrator accounts on enterprise
assets. Conduct general computing activities, such as internet browsing, email, and
productivity suite use, from the user's primary, non-privileged account. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.3.7 Ensure access to the su command is restricted
Description:
The su
command allows a user to run a command or shell as another user. The program has been
superseded by
sudo
, which allows for more granular control over privileged access. Normally, the
su
command can be executed by any user. By uncommenting the
pam_wheel.so
statement in
/etc/pam.d/su
, the
su
command will only allow users in a specific groups to execute
su
. This group should be empty to reinforce the use of
sudo
for privileged access.
Restricting the use of
su
, and using
sudo
in its place, provides system administrators better control of the escalation of user
privileges to execute privileged commands. The sudo utility also provides a better
logging and audit mechanism, as it can log each command executed via
sudo
, whereas
su
can only record that a user executed the
su
program.
Create an empty group that will be specified for use of the
su
command. The group should be named according to site policy.
Example:
# groupadd sugroup
Add the following line to the
/etc/pam.d/su
file, specifying the empty group:
auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid group=sugroup
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/su exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*auth\h+(?:required|requisite)\h+pam_wheel\.so\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)?((?!\2)(use_uid\b|group=\H+\b))\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)?((?!\1)(use_uid\b|group=\H+\b))(\h+.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3.7_Ensure_access_to_the_su_command_is_restricted"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995384"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995384">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995384"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/su exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*auth\h+(?:required|requisite)\h+pam_wheel\.so\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)?((?!\2)(use_uid\b|group=\H+\b))\h+(?:[^#\n\r]+\h+)?((?!\1)(use_uid\b|group=\H+\b))(\h+.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
4.4 Configure PAM
PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) is a service that implements modular authentication
modules on UNIX systems. PAM is implemented as a set of shared objects that are loaded
and executed when a program needs to authenticate a user. Files for PAM are typically
located in the /etc/pam.d
directory. PAM must be carefully configured to secure system authentication. While
this section covers some of PAM, please consult other PAM resources to fully understand
the configuration capabilities.
Note:
The usage of pam-auth-update
:
-
As of this writing, the management of PAM via
pam-auth-update
does not offer all the required functionality implemented by the benchmark. As such,
the usage of
pam-auth-update
is not recommended at present.
Fail4.4.1 Ensure password creation requirements are configured
Description:
The pam_pwquality.so
module checks the strength of passwords. It performs checks such as making sure a
password is not a dictionary word, it is a certain length, contains a mix of characters
(e.g. alphabet, numeric, other) and more.
The following options are set in the
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
file:
-
Password Length:
- minlen = 14
- password must be 14 characters or more
-
Password complexity:
-
minclass = 4
- The minimum number of required classes of characters for the new password (digits,
uppercase, lowercase, others)
OR
-
dcredit = -1
- provide at least one digit
-
ucredit = -1
- provide at least one uppercase character
-
ocredit = -1
- provide at least one special character
-
lcredit = -1
- provide at least one lowercase character
Strong passwords protect systems from being hacked through brute force methods.
The following setting is a recommend example policy. Alter these values to conform
to your own organization's password policies.
Run the following command to install the
pam_pwquality
module:
# apt install libpam-pwquality
Edit the file
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
and add or modify the following line for password length to conform to site policy:
minlen = 14
Edit the file
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
and add or modify the following line for password complexity to conform to site policy:
Option 1
minclass = 4
Option 2
dcredit = -1
ucredit = -1
ocredit = -1
lcredit = -1
Edit the
/etc/pam.d/common-password
file to include
pam_pwquality.so
and to conform to site policy:
password requisite pam_pwquality.so retry=3
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern
^\s*minlen\s*=\s*(1[4-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9])(\s+#.*)*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern
^\h*password\h+[^#\n\r]+\h+pam_pwquality\.so\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.4.1_Ensure_password_creation_requirements_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995387"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995387">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995387"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*minlen\s*=\s*(1[4-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9])(\s+#.*)*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995389"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995389">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995389"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\h*password\h+[^#\n\r]+\h+pam_pwquality\.so\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.4.2 Ensure lockout for failed password attempts is configured
Description:
Lock out users after
n
unsuccessful consecutive login attempts. The first sets of changes are made to the
PAM configuration files. The second set of changes are applied to the program specific
PAM configuration file. The second set of changes must be applied to each program
that will lock out users. Check the documentation for each secondary program for instructions
on how to configure them to work with PAM.
-
deny=
n
-
n
represents the number of failed attempts before the account is locked
-
unlock_time=
n
-
n
represents the number of seconds before the account is unlocked
- audit - Will log the user name into the system log if the user is not found.
- silent - Don't print informative messages.
Set the lockout number and unlock time in accordance with local site policy.
Locking out user IDs after
n
unsuccessful consecutive login attempts mitigates brute force password attacks against
your systems.
Edit the
/etc/pam.d/common-auth
file and add the auth line below:
auth required pam_tally2.so onerr=fail audit silent deny=5 unlock_time=900
Edit the
/etc/pam.d/common-account
file and add the account lines bellow:
account requisite pam_deny.so
account required pam_tally2.so
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-auth exists and matches pattern (?i)\h*auth\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_tally2\.so\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?deny=[1-5]\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-account exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*account\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_tally2\.so\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-account exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*account\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_deny\.so\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/pam.d/common-account |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/pam.d |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
common-account |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
(?i)^\h*account\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_deny\.so\b |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
account requisite pam_deny.so |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
account requisite pam_deny.so |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
requisite |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.4.2_Ensure_lockout_for_failed_password_attempts_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/7"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-1, AC-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995392"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995392">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995392"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-auth exists and matches pattern (?i)\h*auth\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_tally2\.so\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?deny=[1-5]\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995393"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995393">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995393"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-account exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*account\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_tally2\.so\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995394"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995394">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995394"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-account exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*account\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_deny\.so\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/pam.d/common-account</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/pam.d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>common-account</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(?i)^\h*account\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)pam_deny\.so\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>account requisite pam_deny.so</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>account requisite pam_deny.so</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>requisite </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-1, AC-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.7 |
| Label: |
Establish Process for Revoking Access |
| Description: |
Establish and follow an automated process for revoking system access by disabling
accounts immediately upon termination or change of responsibilities of an employee
or contractor . Disabling these accounts, instead of deleting accounts, allows preservation
of audit trails. |
>
Fail4.4.3 Ensure password reuse is limited
Description:
The /etc/security/opasswd
file stores the users' old passwords and can be checked to ensure that users are not
recycling recent passwords.
Forcing users not to reuse their past 5 passwords make it less likely that an attacker
will be able to guess the password.
NOTE:
Pay special attention to the configuration. Incorrect configuration can cause system
lock outs or unexpected behavior. This is example configuration. You configuration
may differ based on previous changes to the files.
Edit the
/etc/pam.d/common-password
file to include:
- password required pam_pwhistory.so remember=5
- use_authtok
on the
pam_unix.so
line
Example:
password required pam_pwhistory.so remember=5
password [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so obscure sha512 use_authtok
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern
^\h*password\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?pam_pwhistory\.so\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?remember=([5-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)(\b|\h+|$) |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern
^\h*password\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?pam_unix\.so\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?use_authtok\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.4.3_Ensure_password_reuse_is_limited"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/man8/pam_pwhistory.8.html</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pam/+bug/1989731</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-2, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995395"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995395">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995395"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\h*password\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?pam_pwhistory\.so\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?remember=([5-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)(\b|\h+|$)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995396"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995396">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995396"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\h*password\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?pam_unix\.so\h+([^#\n\r]+\h+)?use_authtok\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/man8/pam_pwhistory.8.html
- URL: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/pam/+bug/1989731
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-2, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.4.4 Ensure strong password hashing algorithm is configured
Description:
Hash functions behave as one-way functions by using mathematical operations that are
extremely difficult and cumbersome to revert
When a user is created, the password is run through a one-way hashing algorithm before
being stored. When the user logs in, the password sent is run through the same one-way
hashing algorithm and compared to the hash connected with the provided username. If
the hashed password and the stored hash match, the login is valid.
The SHA512
hashing algorithm provides stronger hashing than previous available algorithms like
MD5
, thus providing additional protection to the system by increasing the level of effort
for an attacker to successfully determine passwords.
Note:
- Pay special attention to the configuration. Incorrect configuration can cause system
lock outs.
- This is an example configuration. Your configuration may differ based on previous
changes to the files.
-
The encryption method on the password success line for
pam_unix.so
and the
ENCRYPT_METHOD
line in
/etc/login.defs
should match.
Edit the
/etc/pam.d/common-password
file and ensure that
sha512
is included and the
pam_unix.so
success line:
Example:
password [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so obscure sha512 use_authtok
Edit
/etc/login.defs
and ensure that
ENCRYPT_METHOD
is set to
SHA512
.
ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*ENCRYPT_METHOD\h+(sha512|yescrypt)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/login.defs |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
login.defs |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
(?i)^\h*ENCRYPT_METHOD\h+(sha512|yescrypt)\b |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512 |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512 |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
SHA512 |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*password\h+[^#\n\r]+\h+pam_unix.so([^#\n\r]+\h+)?(sha512|yescrypt)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
OBFUSCATED [PWD] |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/pam.d |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
OBFUSCATED [PWD] |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
OBFUSCATED [PWD] |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
OBFUSCATED [PWD] |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
OBFUSCATED [PWD] |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
obscure |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
sha512 |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.4.4_Ensure_strong_password_hashing_algorithm_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/11"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5, SC-28</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995397"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995397">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995397"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*ENCRYPT_METHOD\h+(sha512|yescrypt)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/login.defs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>login.defs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(?i)^\h*ENCRYPT_METHOD\h+(sha512|yescrypt)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ENCRYPT_METHOD SHA512</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>SHA512</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995398"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995398">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995398"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*password\h+[^#\n\r]+\h+pam_unix.so([^#\n\r]+\h+)?(sha512|yescrypt)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/pam.d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td> obscure </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>sha512</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5, SC-28
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.4 |
| Label: |
Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials |
| Description: |
Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.11 |
| Label: |
Encrypt Sensitive Data at Rest |
| Description: |
Encrypt sensitive data at rest on servers, applications, and databases containing
sensitive data. Storage-layer encryption, also known as server-side encryption, meets
the minimum requirement of this Safeguard. Additional encryption methods may include
application-layer encryption, also known as client-side encryption, where access to
the data storage device(s) does not permit access to the plain-text data. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual4.4.5 Ensure all current passwords uses the configured hashing algorithm
Description:
Currently used passwords with out of date hashing algorithms may pose a security risk
to the system.
In use passwords should always match the configured hashing algorithm for the system.
If the administrator wish to force an immediate change on all users as per the output
of the audit, execute:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
UID_MIN=$(awk '/^\s*UID_MIN/{print $2}' /etc/login.defs)
awk -F: -v UID_MIN="${UID_MIN}" '( $3 >= UID_MIN && $1 != "nfsnobody" ) { print $1
}' /etc/passwd | xargs -n 1 chage -d 0
}
NOTE:
This could cause significant temporary CPU load on the system if a large number of
users reset their passwords at the same time.
Impact:
If the administrator forces a password change, this could cause a large spike in CPU
usage if a large number of users change their password during the same time.
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.4.5_Ensure_all_current_passwords_uses_the_configured_hashing_algorithm"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/11"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5, SC-28</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5, SC-28
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.4 |
| Label: |
Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials |
| Description: |
Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.11 |
| Label: |
Encrypt Sensitive Data at Rest |
| Description: |
Encrypt sensitive data at rest on servers, applications, and databases containing
sensitive data. Storage-layer encryption, also known as server-side encryption, meets
the minimum requirement of this Safeguard. Additional encryption methods may include
application-layer encryption, also known as client-side encryption, where access to
the data storage device(s) does not permit access to the plain-text data. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
4.5 User Accounts and Environment
This section provides guidance on setting up secure defaults for system and user accounts
and their environment.
4.5.1 Set Shadow Password Suite Parameters
While a majority of the password control parameters have been moved to PAM, some parameters
are still available through the shadow password suite. Any changes made to
/etc/login.defs
will only be applied if the
usermod
command is used. If user IDs are added a different way, use the
chage
command to effect changes to individual user IDs.
Fail4.5.1.1 Ensure minimum days between password changes is configured
Description:
The
PASS_MIN_DAYS
parameter in
/etc/login.defs
allows an administrator to prevent users from changing their password until a minimum
number of days have passed since the last time the user changed their password. It
is recommended that
PASS_MIN_DAYS
parameter be set to 1 or more days.
By restricting the frequency of password changes, an administrator can prevent users
from repeatedly changing their password in an attempt to circumvent password reuse
controls.
Set the
PASS_MIN_DAYS
parameter to 1 in
/etc/login.defs
:
PASS_MIN_DAYS 1
Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:
# chage --mindays 1 <user>
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*PASS_MIN_DAYS\h+([1-9][0-9]*)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\h*$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/shadow |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
shadow |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
^[^:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\h*$ |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
0 |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.1.1_Ensure_minimum_days_between_password_changes_is__configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.894-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995399"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995399">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995399"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*PASS_MIN_DAYS\h+([1-9][0-9]*)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995400"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995400">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995400"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\h*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/shadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>shadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>^[^:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\h*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.5.1.2 Ensure password expiration is 365 days or less
Description:
The
PASS_MAX_DAYS
parameter in
/etc/login.defs
allows an administrator to force passwords to expire once they reach a defined age.
The window of opportunity for an attacker to leverage compromised credentials or successfully
compromise credentials via an online brute force attack is limited by the age of the
password. Therefore, reducing the maximum age of a password also reduces an attacker's
window of opportunity. It is recommended that the
PASS_MAX_DAYS
parameter does not exceed
365
days and is greater than the value of
PASS_MIN_DAYS
.
Set the
PASS_MAX_DAYS
parameter to conform to site policy in
/etc/login.defs
:
PASS_MAX_DAYS 365
Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:
# chage --maxdays 365 <user>
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*PASS_MAX_DAYS\h+(36[0-5]|3[0-5][0-9]|[1-2][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[2-9])\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\h*|-1|0|36[6-9]|3[7-9][0-9]|[4-9][0-9]{2}|[1-9][0-9]{3,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/shadow |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
shadow |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\h*|-1|0|36[6-9]|3[7-9][0-9]|[4-9][0-9]{2}|[1-9][0-9]{3,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$ |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
99999 |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.1.2_Ensure_password_expiration_is_365_days_or_less"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">https://www.cisecurity.org/white-papers/cis-password-policy-guide/</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995401"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995401">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995401"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*PASS_MAX_DAYS\h+(36[0-5]|3[0-5][0-9]|[1-2][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[2-9])\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995402"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995402">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995402"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\h*|-1|0|36[6-9]|3[7-9][0-9]|[4-9][0-9]{2}|[1-9][0-9]{3,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/shadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>shadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\h*|-1|0|36[6-9]|3[7-9][0-9]|[4-9][0-9]{2}|[1-9][0-9]{3,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>99999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: https://www.cisecurity.org/white-papers/cis-password-policy-guide/
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.5.1.3 Ensure password expiration warning days is 7 or more
Description:
The
PASS_WARN_AGE
parameter in
/etc/login.defs
allows an administrator to notify users that their password will expire in a defined
number of days. It is recommended that the
PASS_WARN_AGE
parameter be set to 7 or more days.
Providing an advance warning that a password will be expiring gives users time to
think of a secure password. Users caught unaware may choose a simple password or write
it down where it may be discovered.
Set the
PASS_WARN_AGE
parameter to 7 in
/etc/login.defs
:
PASS_WARN_AGE 7
Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:
# chage --warndays 7 <user>
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*PASS_WARN_AGE\h+([7-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/login.defs |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
login.defs |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
(?i)^\h*PASS_WARN_AGE\h+([7-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\b |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
PASS_WARN_AGE 7 |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
PASS_WARN_AGE 7 |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
7 |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:([0-6]|-1):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.1.3_Ensure_password_expiration_warning_days_is_7_or_more"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995403"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995403">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995403"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*PASS_WARN_AGE\h+([7-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/login.defs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>login.defs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(?i)^\h*PASS_WARN_AGE\h+([7-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>PASS_WARN_AGE 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>PASS_WARN_AGE 7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995404"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995404">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995404"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:([0-6]|-1):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.5.1.4 Ensure inactive password lock is 30 days or less
Description:
User accounts that have been inactive for over a given period of time can be automatically
disabled. It is recommended that accounts that are inactive for 30 days after password
expiration be disabled.
Inactive accounts pose a threat to system security since the users are not logging
in to notice failed login attempts or other anomalies.
Run the following command to set the default password inactivity period to 30 days:
# useradd -D -f 30
Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:
# chage --inactive 30 <user>
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/default/useradd exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*INACTIVE\h*=\h*(30|[1-2][0-9]|[0-9])\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\s*|-1|3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{2,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/shadow |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
shadow |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\s*|-1|3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{2,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$ |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.1.4_Ensure_inactive_password_lock_is_30_days_or_less"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995405"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995405">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995405"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/default/useradd exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*INACTIVE\h*=\h*(30|[1-2][0-9]|[0-9])\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995406"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995406">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995406"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\s*|-1|3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{2,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/shadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>shadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>^[^#:\n\r]+:([^\!\*xX:\n\r][^:\n\r]*|\h*):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*:(\s*|-1|3[1-9]|[4-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{2,}):[^:\n\r]*:[^:\n\r]*\h*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root:$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.5.1.5 Ensure all users last password change date is in the past
Description:
All users should have a password change date in the past.
If a users recorded password change date is in the future then they could bypass any
set password expiration.
Investigate any users with a password change date in the future and correct them.
Locking the account, expiring the password, or resetting the password manually may
be appropriate.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_password_change_past.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - All user password changes are in the past
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.1.5_Ensure_all_users_last_password_change_date_is_in_the_past"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_password_change_past.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_password_change_past.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_password_change_past.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - All user password changes are in the past </l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_password_change_past.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - All user password changes are in the past </li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.5.1.6 Ensure the number of changed characters in a new password is configured
Description:
The
pwqualitydifok
option sets the number of characters in a password that must not be present in the
old password.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise
the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness
of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to
crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible
combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Edit or add the following line in
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
to a value of
2
or more:
difok = 2
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*difok\h*=\h*([2-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.1.6_Ensure_the_number_of_changed_characters_in_a_new_password_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995408"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995408">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995408"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*difok\h*=\h*([2-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.5.1.7 Ensure preventing the use of dictionary words for passwords is configured
Description:
The
pwqualitydictcheck
option sets whether to check for the words from the
cracklib
dictionary.
If the operating system allows the user to select passwords based on dictionary words,
this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the opportunity for
successful guesses, and brute-force attacks.
Edit or add the following line in
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
to a value of
1
:
dictcheck = 1
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*dictcheck\h*=\h*[^0] |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.1.7_Ensure_preventing_the_use_of_dictionary_words_for_passwords_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995409"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995409">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995409"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*dictcheck\h*=\h*[^0]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.5.2 Ensure system accounts are secured
Description:
There are a number of accounts provided with most distributions that are used to manage
applications and are not intended to provide an interactive shell.
It is important to make sure that accounts that are not being used by regular users
are prevented from being used to provide an interactive shell. By default, most distributions
set the password field for these accounts to an invalid string, but it is also recommended
that the shell field in the password file be set to the
nologin
shell. This prevents the account from potentially being used to run any commands.
Set the shell for any accounts returned by the audit to nologin:
# usermod -s $(which nologin) <user>
Lock any non root accounts returned by the audit:
# usermod -L <user>
The following script will:
- Set the shell for any accounts returned by the audit to nologin
- Lock any non root system accounts returned by the audit:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_output="" l_output2=""
l_valid_shells="^($( awk -F\/ '$NF != "nologin" {print}' /etc/shells | sed -rn '/^\//{s,/,\\\\/,g;p}'
| paste -s -d '|' - ))$"
a_users=(); a_ulock=() # initialize arrays
while read -r l_user; do # change system accounts that have a valid login shell to
nolog shell
echo -e " - System account \"$l_user\" has a valid logon shell, changing shell to
\"$(which nologin)\""
usermod -s "$(which nologin)" "$l_user"
done < <(awk -v pat="$l_valid_shells" -F: '($1!~/(root|sync|shutdown|halt|^\+)/ &&
$3<'"$(awk '/^\s*UID_MIN/{print $2}' /etc/login.defs)"' && $(NF) ~ pat) { print $1
}' /etc/passwd)
while read -r l_ulock; do # Lock system accounts that aren't locked
echo -e " - System account \"$l_ulock\" is not locked, locking account"
usermod -L "$l_ulock"
done < <(awk -v pat="$l_valid_shells" -F: '($1!~/(root|^\+)/ && $2!~/LK?/ && $3<'"$(awk
'/^\s*UID_MIN/{print $2}' /etc/login.defs)"' && $(NF) ~ pat) { print $1 }' /etc/passwd)
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_system_accounts_secured_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - * Correctly configured * :
- - local system accounts login is disabled
- - local system accounts are locked
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.2_Ensure_system_accounts_are_secured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-2. AC-3, AC-5, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_system_accounts_secured_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_system_accounts_secured_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_system_accounts_secured_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - * Correctly configured * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - local system accounts login is disabled</l>
<l> - local system accounts are locked</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_system_accounts_secured_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - * Correctly configured * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - local system accounts login is disabled</li>
<li> - local system accounts are locked</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-2. AC-3, AC-5, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass4.5.3 Ensure default group for the root account is GID 0
Description:
The usermod command can be used to specify which group the root user belongs to. This
affects permissions of files that are created by the root user.
Using GID 0 for the
root
account helps prevent
root
-owned files from accidentally becoming accessible to non-privileged users.
Run the following command to set the
root
user default group to GID
0
:
# usermod -g 0 root
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Linux Custom Object "Default Group Set For root User" |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Password Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Username |
String |
Exists |
root |
| Password |
String |
Exists |
x |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Gcos |
String |
Exists |
root |
| Home Dir |
String |
Exists |
/root |
| Login Shell |
String |
Exists |
/bin/bash |
| Last Login |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.3_Ensure_default_group_for_the_root_account_is_GID_0"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.895-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995411"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995411">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995411"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Linux Custom Object "Default Group Set For root User"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Password Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Username</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gcos</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Home Dir</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/root</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Login Shell</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/bin/bash</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Login</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.5.4 Ensure default user umask is 027 or more restrictive
Description:
The user file-creation mode mask (
umask
) is use to determine the file permission for newly created directories and files.
In Linux, the default permissions for any newly created directory is 0777 (rwxrwxrwx),
and for any newly created file it is 0666 (rw-rw-rw-). The
umask
modifies the default Linux permissions by restricting (masking) these permissions.
The umask
is not simply subtracted, but is processed bitwise. Bits set in the
umask
are cleared in the resulting file mode.
umask
can be set with either
octal
or
Symbolic
values
- Octal
(Numeric) Value - Represented by either three or four digits. ie
umask 0027
or
umask 027
. If a four digit umask is used, the first digit is ignored. The remaining three
digits effect the resulting permissions for user, group, and world/other respectively.
- Symbolic
Value - Represented by a comma separated list for User
u
, group
g
, and world/other
o
. The permissions listed are not masked by
umask
. ie a
umask
set by
umask u=rwx,g=rx,o=
is the
Symbolic
equivalent of the
Octalumask 027
. This
umask
would set a newly created directory with file mode
drwxr-x---
and a newly created file with file mode
rw-r-----
.
Setting the default
umask
:
- pam_umask
module:
-
will set the umask according to the system default in
/etc/login.defs
and user settings, solving the problem of different
umask
settings with different shells, display managers, remote sessions etc.
- umask=<mask>
value in the
/etc/login.defs
file is interpreted as Octal
-
Setting
USERGROUPS_ENAB
to
yes
in
/etc/login.defs
(default):
- will enable setting of the umask group bits to be the same as owner bits. (examples:
022 -> 002, 077 -> 007) for non-root users, if the uid is the same as gid, and username
is the same as the primary group name
- userdel will remove the user's group if it contains no more members, and useradd will
create by default a group with the name of the user
- System Wide Shell Configuration File
:
- /etc/profile
- used to set system wide environmental variables on users shells. The variables are
sometimes the same ones that are in the
.profile
, however this file is used to set an initial PATH or PS1 for all shell users of the
system.
is only executed for interactive
login
shells, or shells executed with the --login parameter
- /etc/profile.d
-
/etc/profile
will execute the scripts within
/etc/profile.d/*.sh
. It is recommended to place your configuration in a shell script within
/etc/profile.d
to set your own system wide environmental variables.
- /etc/bash.bashrc
- System wide version of
.bashrc
.
etc/bashrc
also invokes
/etc/profile.d/*.sh
if
non-login
shell, but redirects output to
/dev/null
if
non-interactive.
Is only executed for
interactive
shells or if
BASH_ENV
is set to
/etc/bash.bashrc
User Shell Configuration Files:
- ~/.profile
- Is executed to configure your shell before the initial command prompt.
Is only read by login shells.
- ~/.bashrc
- Is executed for interactive shells.
only read by a shell that's both interactive and non-login
Setting a very secure default value for
umask
ensures that users make a conscious choice about their file permissions. A default
umask
setting of
077
causes files and directories created by users to not be readable by any other user
on the system. A
umask
of 027
would make files and directories readable by users in the same Unix group, while a
umask
of 022
would make files readable by every user on the system.
Run the following command and remove or modify the
umask
of any returned files:
# grep -RPi '(^|^[^#]*)\s*umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[rwx]{0,3})?\b)'
/etc/login.defs /etc/profile* /etc/bash.bashrc*
Follow
one
of the following methods to set the default user umask:
Edit
/etc/login.defs
and edit the
UMASK
and
USERGROUPS_ENAB
lines as follows:
UMASK 027
USERGROUPS_ENAB no
Edit
/etc/pam.d/common-session
and add or edit the following:
session optional pam_umask.so
OR
Configure umask in one of the following files:
-
A file in the
/etc/profile.d/
directory ending in .sh
- /etc/profile
- /etc/bash.bashrc
Example:
/etc/profile.d/set_umask.sh
umask 027
Note:
this method only applies to bash and shell. If other shells are supported on the system,
it is recommended that their configuration files also are checked.
Impact:
Setting
USERGROUPS_ENAB no
in
/etc/login.defs
may change the expected behavior of
useradd
and
userdel
.
Setting
USERGROUPS_ENAB yes
in
/etc/login.defs
- userdel
will remove the user's group if it contains no more members
- useradd
will create by default a group with the name of the user.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| OR |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-session exists and matches pattern
^\s*session\s+(?:optional|requisite|required)\s+pam_umask\.so\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/pam.d/common-session |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/pam.d |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
common-session |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
^\s*session\s+(?:optional|requisite|required)\s+pam_umask\.so\b |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
session optional pam_umask.so |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
session optional pam_umask.so |
| Subexpression |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)USERGROUPS_ENAB\s*"?no"?\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile.local exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[rwx |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Textfilecontent Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/login.defs |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
login.defs |
| Pattern |
String |
Exists |
(?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[rwx]{0,3})?\b) |
| Instance |
Int |
Exists |
1 |
| Line |
String |
Exists |
ERASECHAR 0177
KILLCHAR 025
UMASK 022 |
| Text |
String |
Exists |
ERASECHAR 0177
KILLCHAR 025
UMASK 022 |
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
ERASECHAR 0177
KILLCHAR 025
|
| Subexpression |
String |
Exists |
022 |
| Subexpression |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Subexpression |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Subexpression |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Subexpression |
String |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Windows View |
String |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1 |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/profile.local exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[rwx]{0 |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/bash.bash.rc exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[r |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.4_Ensure_default_user_umask_is_027_or_more_restrictive"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">pam_umask(8)</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995412"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995412">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995412"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995413"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995413">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995413"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-session exists and matches pattern ^\s*session\s+(?:optional|requisite|required)\s+pam_umask\.so\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/pam.d/common-session</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/pam.d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>common-session</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>^\s*session\s+(?:optional|requisite|required)\s+pam_umask\.so\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>session optional pam_umask.so</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>session optional pam_umask.so</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995423"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995423">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995423"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)USERGROUPS_ENAB\s*"?no"?\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995414"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995414">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995414"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995415"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995415">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995415"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995416"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995416">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995416"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995417"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995417">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995417"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile.local exists and matches pattern (?i)^\s*UMASK\s+\s*(0[0-7][2-7]7|[0-7][2-7]7|u=(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?)(r?|w?|x?),g=(r?x?|x?r?),o=)\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995418"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995418">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995418"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[rwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/login.defs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>login.defs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pattern</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>(?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[rwx]{0,3})?\b)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Instance</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Line</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ERASECHAR 0177
KILLCHAR 025
UMASK 022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Text</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ERASECHAR 0177
KILLCHAR 025
UMASK 022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>ERASECHAR 0177
KILLCHAR 025
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>022</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Subexpression</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Windows View</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995419"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995419">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995419"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995420"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995420">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995420"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/profile.local exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995421"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995421">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995421"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[rwx]{0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995422"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995422">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995422"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/bash.bash.rc exists and matches pattern (?i)(^\s*|^\s*[^#]+\s+)umask\s+([0-7][0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|[0-7][01][0-7]\b|[0-7][0-7][0-6]\b|(u=[rwx]{0,3},)?(g=[rwx]{0,3},)?o=[rwx]+\b|(u=[rwx]{1,3},)?g=[^rx]{1,3}(,o=[r</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: pam_umask(8)
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.5.5 Ensure default user shell timeout is configured
Description:
TMOUT
is an environmental setting that determines the timeout of a shell in seconds.
-
TMOUT=
n
- Sets the shell timeout to
n
seconds. A setting of
TMOUT=0
disables timeout.
- readonly TMOUT- Sets the TMOUT environmental variable as readonly, preventing unwanted
modification during run-time.
- export TMOUT - exports the TMOUT variable
System Wide Shell Configuration Files:
- /etc/profile
- used to set system wide environmental variables on users shells. The variables are
sometimes the same ones that are in the
.bash_profile
, however this file is used to set an initial PATH or PS1 for all shell users of the
system.
Is only executed for interactive
login
shells, or shells executed with the --login parameter.
- /etc/profile.d
-
/etc/profile
will execute the scripts within
/etc/profile.d/*.sh
. It is recommended to place your configuration in a shell script within
/etc/profile.d
to set your own system wide environmental variables.
- /etc/bash.bashrc
- System wide version of
bash.bashrc
.
etc/bash.bashrc
also invokes
/etc/profile.d/*.sh
if
non-login
shell, but redirects output to
/dev/null
if
non-interactive.
Is only executed for
interactive
shells or if
BASH_ENV
is set to
/etc/bash.bashrc
.
Setting a timeout value reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized user access
to another user's shell session that has been left unattended. It also ends the inactive
session and releases the resources associated with that session.
Review
/etc/bash.bashrc
,
/etc/profile
, and all files ending in
*.sh
in the
/etc/profile.d/
directory and remove or edit all
TMOUT=_n_
entries to follow local site policy.
TMOUT
should:
-
Be configured once, as multiple lines, or a single line, in
one and only one
of the following locations:
-
A file in the
/etc/profile.d/
directory ending in
.sh
- /etc/profile
- /etc/bash.bashrc
-
Not exceed
900
-
Not be equal to
0
Multiple line example:
TMOUT=900
readonly TMOUT
export TMOUT
Single line example:
readonly TMOUT=900 ; export TMOUT
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/tmout_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - TMOUT is not set
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.5_Ensure_default_user_shell_timeout_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/11"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-11</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/tmout_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/tmout_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/tmout_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - TMOUT is not set</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/tmout_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - TMOUT is not set</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-11
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.11 |
| Label: |
Lock Workstation Sessions After Inactivity |
| Description: |
Automatically lock workstation sessions after a standard period of inactivity. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Automatic Session Locking on Enterprise Assets |
| Description: |
Configure automatic session locking on enterprise assets after a defined period of
inactivity. For general purpose operating systems, the period must not exceed 15 minutes.
For mobile end-user devices, the period must not exceed 2 minutes. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail4.5.7 Ensure maximum number of same consecutive characters in a password is configured
Description:
The pwqualitymaxrepeat
option sets the maximum number of allowed same consecutive characters in a new password.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise
the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness
of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks.
Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to
crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible
combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Edit or add the following line in
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
to a value of
3
or less and not
0
:
maxrepeat = 3
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*maxrepeat\h*=\h*[1-3]\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.5.7_Ensure_maximum_number_of_same_consecutive_characters_in_a_password_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995426"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995426">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995426"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*maxrepeat\h*=\h*[1-3]\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
5 Logging and Auditing
The items in this section describe how to configure logging, log monitoring, and auditing,
using tools included in most distributions.
It is recommended that rsyslog
be used for logging (with
logwatch
providing summarization) and
auditd
be used for auditing (with
aureport
providing summarization) to automatically monitor logs for intrusion attempts and
other suspicious system behavior.
In addition to the local log files created by the steps in this section, it is also
recommended that sites collect copies of their system logs on a secure, centralized
log server via an encrypted connection. Not only does centralized logging help sites
correlate events that may be occurring on multiple systems, but having a second copy
of the system log information may be critical after a system compromise where the
attacker has modified the local log files on the affected system(s). If a log correlation
system is deployed, configure it to process the logs described in this section.
Because it is often necessary to correlate log information from many different systems
(particularly after a security incident) it is recommended that the time be synchronized
among systems and devices connected to the local network.
It is important that all logs described in this section be monitored on a regular
basis and correlated to determine trends. A seemingly innocuous entry in one log could
be more significant when compared to an entry in another log.
Note on log file permissions:
There really isn't a "one size fits all" solution to the permissions on log files.
Many sites utilize group permissions so that administrators who are in a defined security
group, such as "wheel" do not have to elevate privileges to root in order to read
log files. Also, if a third party log aggregation tool is used, it may need to have
group permissions to read the log files, which is preferable to having it run setuid
to root. Therefore, there are two remediation and audit steps for log file permissions.
One is for systems that do not have a secured group method implemented that only permits
root to read the log files (
root:root 600
). The other is for sites that do have such a setup and are designated as
root:securegrp 640
where securegrp
is the defined security group (in some cases
wheel
).
5.1 Configure Logging
Logging services should be configured to prevent information leaks and to aggregate
logs on a remote server so that they can be reviewed in the event of a system compromise.
A centralized log server provides a single point of entry for further analysis, monitoring
and filtering.
Security principals for logging
- Ensure transport layer security is implemented between the client and the log server.
- Ensure that logs are rotated as per the environment requirements.
- Ensure all locally generated logs have the appropriate permissions.
- Ensure all security logs are sent to a remote log server.
- Ensure the required events are logged.
What is covered
This section will cover the minimum best practices for the usage of
eitherrsyslogorjournald
. The recommendations are written such that each is wholly independent of each other
and only one is implemented
.
-
If your organization makes use of an enterprise wide logging system completely outside
of rsyslog
or journald
, then the following recommendations does not directly apply. However, the principals
of the recommendations should be followed regardless of what solution is implemented.
If the enterprise solution incorporates either of these tools, careful consideration
should be given to the following recommendations to determine exactly what applies.
-
Should your organization make use of both
rsyslog
and journald
, take care how the recommendations may or may not apply to you.
What is not covered
-
Enterprise logging systems not utilizing
rsyslog
or journald
.
As logging is very situational and dependant on the local environment, not everything
can be covered here.
-
Transport layer security should be applied to all remote logging functionality. Both
rsyslog
and journald
supports secure transport and should be configured as such.
- The log server. There are a multitude of reasons for a centralized log server (and
keeping a short period logging on the local system), but the log server is out of
scope for these recommendations.
5.1.1 Configure journald
Included in the systemd suite is a journaling service called
systemd-journald.service
for the collection and storage of logging data. It creates and maintains structured,
indexed journals based on logging information that is received from a variety of sources
such as:
- Classic RFC3164 BSD syslog via the /dev/log socket
- STDOUT/STDERR of programs via StandardOutput=journal + StandardError=journal in service
files (both of which are default settings)
- Kernel log messages via the /dev/kmsg device node
- Audit records via the kernel’s audit subsystem
- Structured log messages via journald’s native protocol
Any changes made to the
systemd-journald
configuration will require a re-start of
systemd-journald
5.1.1.1 Ensure journald is configured to send logs to a remote log host
Fail5.1.1.1.1 Ensure systemd-journal-remote is installed
Description:
Journald (via
systemd-journal-remote
) supports the ability to send log events it gathers to a remote log host or to receive
messages from remote hosts, thus enabling centralised log management.
Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an
attacker gains root access on the local system, they could tamper with or remove log
data that is stored on the local system.
Run the following command to install
systemd-journal-remote
:
# apt install systemd-journal-remote
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'systemd-journal-remote' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'rsyslog' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.1.1_Ensure_systemd-journal-remote_is_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, SI-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994914"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994914">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994914"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'systemd-journal-remote' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994917"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994917">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994917"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'rsyslog' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, SI-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.1.1.2 Ensure systemd-journal-remote is configured
Description:
Journald (via
systemd-journal-remote
) supports the ability to send log events it gathers to a remote log host or to receive
messages from remote hosts, thus enabling centralised log management.
Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an
attacker gains root access on the local system, they could tamper with or remove log
data that is stored on the local system.
Edit the
/etc/systemd/journal-upload.conf
file and ensure the following lines are set per your environment:
URL=192.168.50.42
ServerKeyFile=/etc/ssl/private/journal-upload.pem
ServerCertificateFile=/etc/ssl/certs/journal-upload.pem
TrustedCertificateFile=/etc/ssl/ca/trusted.pem
Restart the service:
# systemctl restart systemd-journal-upload
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.1.2_Ensure_systemd-journal-remote_is_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, SI-5</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, SI-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.1.1.3 Ensure systemd-journal-remote is enabled
Description:
Journald (via
systemd-journal-remote
) supports the ability to send log events it gathers to a remote log host or to receive
messages from remote hosts, thus enabling centralised log management.
Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an
attacker gains root access on the local system, they could tamper with or remove log
data that is stored on the local system.
Run the following command to enable
systemd-journal-remote
:
# systemctl --now enable systemd-journal-upload.service
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-journal-upload.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals
'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-journal-upload.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.1.3_Ensure_systemd-journal-remote_is_enabled"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, CM-7, SI-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994921"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994921_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994921"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994921">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994921"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-journal-upload.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-journal-upload.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, CM-7, SI-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Pass5.1.1.1.4 Ensure journald is not configured to receive logs from a remote client
Description:
Journald supports the ability to receive messages from remote hosts, thus acting as
a log server. Clients should not receive data from other hosts.
Note:
-
The same package,
systemd-journal-remote
, is used for both sending logs to remote hosts and receiving incoming logs.
-
With regards to receiving logs, there are two services;
systemd-journal-remote.socket
and
systemd-journal-remote.service
.
If a client is configured to also receive data, thus turning it into a server, the
client system is acting outside it's operational boundary.
Run the following command to disable
systemd-journal-remote.socket
:
# systemctl --now disable systemd-journal-remote.socket
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-journal-remote.socket' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal
'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-journal-remote.socket |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.1.4_Ensure_journald_is_not_configured_to_receive_logs_from_a_remote_client"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, CM-6, CM-7</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994924"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994924_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994924"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994924">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994924"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-journal-remote.socket' unit 'UnitFileState' property not equal 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-journal-remote.socket</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-12, CM-6, CM-7
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Pass5.1.1.2 Ensure journald service is enabled
Description:
Ensure that the
systemd-journald
service is enabled to allow capturing of logging events.
If the
systemd-journald
service is not enabled to start on boot, the system will not capture logging events.
By default the
systemd-journald
service does not have an
[Install]
section and thus cannot be enabled / disabled. It is meant to be referenced as
Requires
or
Wants
by other unit files. As such, if the status of
systemd-journald
is not
static
, investigate why.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'systemd-journald' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'static' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
systemd-journald |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
static |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.2_Ensure_journald_service_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-7 AU-12</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994927"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994927_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994927"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994927">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994927"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'systemd-journald' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'static'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>systemd-journald</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>static</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-7 AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Fail5.1.1.3 Ensure journald is configured to compress large log files
Description:
The journald system includes the capability of compressing overly large files to avoid
filling up the system with logs or making the logs unmanageably large.
Uncompressed large files may unexpectedly fill a filesystem leading to resource unavailability.
Compressing logs prior to write can prevent sudden, unexpected filesystem impacts.
Edit the
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
file or a file ending in .conf in /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/ and add the following
line:
Compress=yes
Restart the service:
# systemctl restart systemd-journald
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*Compress\h*=\h*yes\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/ exists and
matches pattern (?i)^\h*Compress\h*=\h*yes\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.3_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_compress_large_log_files"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-4</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994930"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994930">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994930"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*Compress\h*=\h*yes\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994932"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994932">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994932"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*Compress\h*=\h*yes\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-4
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.4 |
| Label: |
Ensure adequate storage for logs |
| Description: |
Ensure that all systems that store logs have adequate storage space for the logs generated. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.3 |
| Label: |
Ensure Adequate Audit Log Storage |
| Description: |
Ensure that logging destinations maintain adequate storage to comply with the enterprise's
audit log management process. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail5.1.1.4 Ensure journald is configured to write logfiles to persistent disk
Description:
Data from journald may be stored in volatile memory or persisted locally on the server.
Logs in memory will be lost upon a system reboot. By persisting logs to local disk
on the server they are protected from loss due to a reboot.
Writing log data to disk will provide the ability to forensically reconstruct events
which may have impacted the operations or security of a system even after a system
crash or reboot.
Edit the
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
file or a file ending in
.conf
in
/etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/
and add the following line:
Storage=persistent
Restart the service:
# systemctl restart systemd-journald
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*Storage\h*=\h*persistent\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/ exists and
matches pattern (?i)^\h*Storage\h*=\h*persistent\b |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.4_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_write_logfiles_to_persistent_disk"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994936"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994936">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994936"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*Storage\h*=\h*persistent\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994938"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994938">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994938"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*Storage\h*=\h*persistent\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.1.5 Ensure journald is not configured to send logs to rsyslog
Description:
Data from
journald
should be kept in the confines of the service and not forwarded on to other services.
IF
journald is the method for capturing logs, all logs of the system should be handled
by journald and not forwarded to other logging mechanisms.
Edit the
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
file and files in
/etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/
and ensure that
ForwardToSyslog=yes
is removed.
Restart the service:
# systemctl restart systemd-journald
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*ForwardToSyslog\h*=\h*yes\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/ exists and matches pattern
(?i)^\h*ForwardToSyslog\h*=\h*yes\b |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.5_Ensure_journald_is_not_configured_to_send_logs_to_rsyslog"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/9"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-6, AU-7, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994942"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994942">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994942"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*ForwardToSyslog\h*=\h*yes\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994944"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994944">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994944"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/ exists and matches pattern (?i)^\h*ForwardToSyslog\h*=\h*yes\b</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-6, AU-7, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.5 |
| Label: |
Central Log Management |
| Description: |
Ensure that appropriate logs are being aggregated to a central log management system
for analysis and review. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.9 |
| Label: |
Centralize Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Centralize, to the extent possible, audit log collection and retention across enterprise
assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.1.6 Ensure journald log rotation is configured per site policy
Description:
Journald includes the capability of rotating log files regularly to avoid filling
up the system with logs or making the logs unmanageably large. The file
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
is the configuration file used to specify how logs generated by Journald should be
rotated.
By keeping the log files smaller and more manageable, a system administrator can easily
archive these files to another system and spend less time looking through inordinately
large log files.
Review
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
and verify logs are rotated according to site policy. The settings should be carefully
understood as there are specific edge cases and prioritisation of parameters.
The specific parameters for log rotation are:
SystemMaxUse=
SystemKeepFree=
RuntimeMaxUse=
RuntimeKeepFree=
MaxFileSec=
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.6_Ensure_journald_log_rotation_is_configured_per_site_policy"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-7, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-7, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.1.7 Ensure journald default file permissions configured
Description:
Journald will create logfiles that do not already exist on the system. This setting
controls what permissions will be applied to these newly created files.
It is important to ensure that log files have the correct permissions to ensure that
sensitive data is archived and protected.
If the default configuration is not appropriate for the site specific requirements,
copy
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf
to
/etc/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf
and modify as required. Requirements is either
0640
or site policy if that is less restrictive.
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1.7_Ensure_journald_default_file_permissions_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.896-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, AU-2, AU-12, MP-2, SI-5</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, AU-2, AU-12, MP-2, SI-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops,
Workstations and Servers: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security
configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous
configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers
from exploiting vulnerable services and settings. |
| Subcontrol: |
5.1 |
| Label: |
Establish Secure Configurations |
| Description: |
Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized
operating systems and software. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
5.1.2 Configure rsyslog
The rsyslog
software package may be used instead of the default
journald
logging mechanism.
Note:
This section only applies if
rsyslog
is the chosen method for client side logging. Do not apply this section if
journald
is used.
Fail5.1.2.1 Ensure rsyslog is installed
Description:
The
rsyslog
software is recommended in environments where
journald
does not meet operation requirements.
The security enhancements of
rsyslog
such as connection-oriented (i.e. TCP) transmission of logs, the option to log to
database formats, and the encryption of log data en route to a central logging server)
justify installing and configuring the package.
Run the following command to install
rsyslog
:
# apt install rsyslog
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'rsyslog' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure package name equals 'systemd-journal-remote' is installed |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2.1_Ensure_rsyslog_is_installed"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12, SI-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994950"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994950">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994950"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'rsyslog' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994952"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994952">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994952"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure package name equals 'systemd-journal-remote' is installed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12, SI-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Fail5.1.2.2 Ensure rsyslog service is enabled
Description:
Once the
rsyslog
package is installed, ensure that the service is enabled.
If the
rsyslog
service is not enabled to start on boot, the system will not capture logging events.
Run the following command to enable
rsyslog
:
# systemctl --now enable rsyslog
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure systemd 'rsyslog.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled' |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
Systemdunitproperty Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Unit |
String |
Exists |
rsyslog.service |
| Property |
String |
Exists |
UnitFileState |
| Value |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2.2_Ensure_rsyslog_service_is_enabled"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3994954"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3994954_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994954"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994954">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994954"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure systemd 'rsyslog.service' unit 'UnitFileState' property equals 'enabled'</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Unit</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>rsyslog.service</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Property</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>UnitFileState</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.2.3 Ensure journald is configured to send logs to rsyslog
Description:
Data from
journald
may be stored in volatile memory or persisted locally on the server. Utilities exist
to accept remote export of
journald
logs, however, use of the RSyslog service provides a consistent means of log collection
and export.
IF
RSyslog is the preferred method for capturing logs, all logs of the system should
be sent to it for further processing.
Edit the
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
file and add the following line:
ForwardToSyslog=yes
Restart the service:
# systemctl restart rsyslog
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern
^\s*(?i)ForwardToSyslog\s*=\s*yes(\s+#.*)*$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2.3_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_rsyslog"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/5"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/9"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-9</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994959"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994959">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994959"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)ForwardToSyslog\s*=\s*yes(\s+#.*)*$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-9
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.5 |
| Label: |
Central Log Management |
| Description: |
Ensure that appropriate logs are being aggregated to a central log management system
for analysis and review. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.9 |
| Label: |
Centralize Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Centralize, to the extent possible, audit log collection and retention across enterprise
assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Fail5.1.2.4 Ensure rsyslog default file permissions are configured
Description:
RSyslog will create logfiles that do not already exist on the system. This setting
controls what permissions will be applied to these newly created files.
It is important to ensure that log files have the correct permissions to ensure that
sensitive data is archived and protected.
Edit either
/etc/rsyslog.conf
or a dedicated
.conf
file in
/etc/rsyslog.d/
and set
$FileCreateMode
to
0640
or more restrictive:
$FileCreateMode 0640
Restart the service:
# systemctl restart rsyslog
Impact:
The systems global
umask
could override, but only making the file permissions stricter, what is configured
in RSyslog with the
FileCreateMode
directive. RSyslog also has it's own
$umask
directive that can alter the intended file creation mode. In addition, consideration
should be given to how
FileCreateMode
is used.
Thus it is critical to ensure that the intended file creation mode is not overridden
with less restrictive settings in
/etc/rsyslog.conf
,
/etc/rsyslog.d/*conf
files and that
FileCreateMode
is set before any file is created.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named .*\.conf in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern
^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
At least one |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2.4_Ensure_rsyslog_default_file_permissions_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, AC-6, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994961"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994961">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994961"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994963"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994963">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994963"
check="at least one"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named .*\.conf in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>At least one</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, AC-6, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops,
Workstations and Servers: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security
configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous
configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers
from exploiting vulnerable services and settings. |
| Subcontrol: |
5.1 |
| Label: |
Establish Secure Configurations |
| Description: |
Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized
operating systems and software. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.2.5 Ensure logging is configured
Description:
The
/etc/rsyslog.conf
and
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
files specifies rules for logging and which files are to be used to log certain classes
of messages.
A great deal of important security-related information is sent via
rsyslog
(e.g., successful and failed su attempts, failed login attempts, root login attempts,
etc.).
Edit the following lines in the
/etc/rsyslog.conf
and
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
files as appropriate for your environment.
NOTE:
The below configuration is shown for example purposes only. Due care should be given
to how the organization wish to store log data.
*.emerg :omusrmsg:*
auth,authpriv.* /var/log/secure
mail.* -/var/log/mail
mail.info -/var/log/mail.info
mail.warning -/var/log/mail.warn
mail.err /var/log/mail.err
cron.* /var/log/cron
*.=warning;*.=err -/var/log/warn
*.crit /var/log/warn
*.*;mail.none;news.none -/var/log/messages
local0,local1.* -/var/log/localmessages
local2,local3.* -/var/log/localmessages
local4,local5.* -/var/log/localmessages
local6,local7.* -/var/log/localmessages
Run the following command to reload the
rsyslogd
configuration:
# systemctl restart rsyslog
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2.5_Ensure_logging_is_configured"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-7, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-7, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Manual5.1.2.6 Ensure rsyslog is configured to send logs to a remote log host
Description:
RSyslog supports the ability to send log events it gathers to a remote log host or
to receive messages from remote hosts, thus enabling centralised log management.
Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an
attacker gains root access on the local system, they could tamper with or remove log
data that is stored on the local system.
Edit the
/etc/rsyslog.conf
and
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
files and add the following line (where
loghost.example.com
is the name of your central log host). The
target
directive may either be a fully qualified domain name or an IP address.
*.* action(type="omfwd" target="192.168.2.100" port="514" protocol="tcp"
action.resumeRetryCount="100"
queue.type="LinkedList" queue.size="1000")
Run the following command to reload the
rsyslogd
configuration:
# systemctl restart rsyslog
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+@ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file(s) named .*\.conf in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern
^\s*\*\.\*\s+@ |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
At least one |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2.6_Ensure_rsyslog_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_a_remote_log_host"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-6</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994968"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994968">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994968"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+@</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994971"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994971">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994971"
check="at least one"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file(s) named .*\.conf in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+@</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>At least one</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-6
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Pass5.1.2.7 Ensure rsyslog is not configured to receive logs from a remote client
Description:
RSyslog supports the ability to receive messages from remote hosts, thus acting as
a log server. Clients should not receive data from other hosts.
If a client is configured to also receive data, thus turning it into a server, the
client system is acting outside it's operational boundary.
Should there be any active log server configuration found in the auditing section,
modify those file and remove the specific lines highlighted by the audit. Ensure none
of the following entries are present in any of
/etc/rsyslog.conf
or
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
.
Old format
$ModLoad imtcp
$InputTCPServerRun
New format
module(load="imtcp")
input(type="imtcp" port="514")
Restart the service:
# systemctl restart rsyslog
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| OR |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+@ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Criterion: |
Ensurefile(s) named .*\.conf in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+@ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2.7_Ensure_rsyslog_is_not_configured_to_receive_logs_from_a_remote_client"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/4/subcontrol/8"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/8/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-6, AU-7, AU-12</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994974"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994974">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994974"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+@</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994977"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3994977">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3994977"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensurefile(s) named .*\.conf in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+@</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-2, AU-6, AU-7, AU-12
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.2 |
| Label: |
Activate audit logging |
| Description: |
Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices. |
- Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Subcontrol: |
6.3 |
| Label: |
Enable Detailed Logging |
| Description: |
Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date,
user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements. |
- Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and
services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available
to attackers. |
| Subcontrol: |
9.2 |
| Label: |
Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running |
| Description: |
Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with
validated business needs are running on each system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Establish and maintain the secure configuration of enterprise assets (end-user devices,
including portable and mobile; network devices; non-computing/IoT devices; and servers)
and software (operating systems and applications). |
| Safeguard: |
4.8 |
| Label: |
Uninstall or Disable Unnecessary Services on Enterprise Assets and Software |
| Description: |
Uninstall or disable unnecessary services on enterprise assets and software, such
as an unused file sharing service, web application module, or service function. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
- Control 8: Audit Log Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Collect, alert, review, and retain audit logs of events that could help detect, understand,
or recover from an attack. |
| Safeguard: |
8.2 |
| Label: |
Collect Audit Logs |
| Description: |
Collect audit logs. Ensure that logging, per the enterprise's audit log management
process, has been enabled across enterprise assets. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Detect |
>
Pass5.1.3 Ensure all logfiles have appropriate access configured
Description:
Log files stored in
/var/log/
contain logged information from many services on the system and potentially from other
logged hosts as well.
It is important that log files have the correct permissions to ensure that sensitive
data is protected and that only the appropriate users / groups have access to them.
Run the following script to update permissions and ownership on files in
/var/log
.
Although the script is not destructive, ensure that the output is captured in the
event that the remediation causes issues.
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_op2="" l_output2=""
l_uidmin="$(awk '/^\s*UID_MIN/{print $2}' /etc/login.defs)"
file_test_fix()
{
l_op2=""
l_fuser="root"
l_fgroup="root"
if [ $(( $l_mode & $perm_mask )) -gt 0 ]; then
l_op2="$l_op2\n - Mode: \"$l_mode\" should be \"$maxperm\" or more restrictive\n
- Removing excess permissions"
chmod "$l_rperms" "$l_fname"
fi
if [[ ! "$l_user" =~ $l_auser ]]; then
l_op2="$l_op2\n - Owned by: \"$l_user\" and should be owned by \"${l_auser//|/ or
}\"\n - Changing ownership to: \"$l_fuser\""
chown "$l_fuser" "$l_fname"
fi
if [[ ! "$l_group" =~ $l_agroup ]]; then
l_op2="$l_op2\n - Group owned by: \"$l_group\" and should be group owned by \"${l_agroup//|/
or }\"\n - Changing group ownership to: \"$l_fgroup\""
chgrp "$l_fgroup" "$l_fname"
fi
[ -n "$l_op2" ] && l_output2="$l_output2\n - File: \"$l_fname\" is:$l_op2\n"
}
unset a_file && a_file=() # clear and initialize array
# Loop to create array with stat of files that could possibly fail one of the audits
while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' l_file; do
[ -e "$l_file" ] && a_file+=("$(stat -Lc '%n^%#a^%U^%u^%G^%g' "$l_file")")
done < <(find -L /var/log -type f \( -perm /0137 -o ! -user root -o ! -group root
\) -print0)
while IFS="^" read -r l_fname l_mode l_user l_uid l_group l_gid; do
l_bname="$(basename "$l_fname")"
case "$l_bname" in
lastlog | lastlog.* | wtmp | wtmp.* | wtmp-* | btmp | btmp.* | btmp-* | README)
perm_mask='0113'
maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$perm_mask)) )"
l_rperms="ug-x,o-wx"
l_auser="root"
l_agroup="(root|utmp)"
file_test_fix
;;
secure | auth.log | syslog | messages)
perm_mask='0137'
maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$perm_mask)) )"
l_rperms="u-x,g-wx,o-rwx"
l_auser="(root|syslog)"
l_agroup="(root|adm)"
file_test_fix
;;
SSSD | sssd)
perm_mask='0117'
maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$perm_mask)) )"
l_rperms="ug-x,o-rwx"
l_auser="(root|SSSD)"
l_agroup="(root|SSSD)"
file_test_fix
;;
gdm | gdm3)
perm_mask='0117'
l_rperms="ug-x,o-rwx"
maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$perm_mask)) )"
l_auser="root"
l_agroup="(root|gdm|gdm3)"
file_test_fix
;;
*.journal | *.journal~)
perm_mask='0137'
maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$perm_mask)) )"
l_rperms="u-x,g-wx,o-rwx"
l_auser="root"
l_agroup="(root|systemd-journal)"
file_test_fix
;;
*)
perm_mask='0137'
maxperm="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$perm_mask)) )"
l_rperms="u-x,g-wx,o-rwx"
l_auser="(root|syslog)"
l_agroup="(root|adm)"
if [ "$l_uid" -lt "$l_uidmin" ] && [ -z "$(awk -v grp="$l_group" -F: '$1==grp {print
$4}' /etc/group)" ]; then
if [[ ! "$l_user" =~ $l_auser ]]; then
l_auser="(root|syslog|$l_user)"
fi
if [[ ! "$l_group" =~ $l_agroup ]]; then
l_tst=""
while l_out3="" read -r l_duid; do
[ "$l_duid" -ge "$l_uidmin" ] && l_tst=failed
done <<< "$(awk -F: '$4=='"$l_gid"' {print $3}' /etc/passwd)"
[ "$l_tst" != "failed" ] && l_agroup="(root|adm|$l_group)"
fi
fi
file_test_fix
;;
esac
done <<< "$(printf '%s\n' "${a_file[@]}")"
unset a_file # Clear array
# If all files passed, then we report no changes
if [ -z "$l_output2" ]; then
echo -e "- All files in \"/var/log/\" have appropriate permissions and ownership\n
- No changes required\n"
else
# print report of changes
echo -e "\n$l_output2"
fi
}
Note:
You may also need to change the configuration for your logging software or services
for any logs that had incorrect permissions.
If there are services that log to other locations, ensure that those log files have
the appropriate access configured.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Results:
- ** Pass **
- - All files in "/var/log/" have appropriate permissions and ownership
|
| Errors: |
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh: line 83: [: : integer expression expected
- /root/Assessor/sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh: line 17: & 0137 : syntax error: operand
expected (error token is "& 0137 ")
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.3_Ensure_all_logfiles_have_appropriate_access_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Results:</l>
<l> ** Pass **</l>
<l>- All files in "/var/log/" have appropriate permissions and ownership</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh: line 83: [: : integer expression expected</l>
<l>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh: line 17: & 0137 : syntax error: operand expected (error token is "& 0137 ")</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Results:</li>
<li> ** Pass **</li>
<li>- All files in "/var/log/" have appropriate permissions and ownership</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh: line 83: [: : integer expression expected</li>
<li>/root/Assessor/sce/nix_logfile_access_chk.sh: line 17: & 0137 : syntax error: operand expected (error token is "& 0137 ")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
5.2 Configure System Accounting (auditd)
The Linux Auditing System operates on a set of rules that collects certain types of
system activity to facilitate incident investigation, detect unauthorized access or
modification of data. By default events will be logged to
/var/log/audit/audit.log
, which can be configured in
/etc/audit/auditd.conf
.
The following types of audit rules can be specified:
- Control rules: Configuration of the auditing system.
- File system rules: Allow the auditing of access to a particular file or a directory.
Also known as file watches.
- System call rules: Allow logging of system calls that any specified program makes.
Audit rules can be set:
-
On the command line using the
auditctl
utility. These rules are not persistent across reboots.
-
In /etc/audit/audit.rules
. These rules have to be merged and loaded before they are active.
Notes:
-
For 64 bit systems that have
arch
as a rule parameter, you will need two rules: one for 64 bit and one for 32 bit systems
calls. For 32 bit systems, only one rule is needed.
-
If the auditing system is configured to be locked (
-e 2
), a system reboot will be required in order to load any changes.
- Key names are optional on the rules and will not be used as a compliance auditing.
The usage of key names is highly recommended as it facilitates organisation and searching,
as such, all remediation steps will have key names supplied.
-
It is best practice to store the rules, in number prepended files, in
/etc/audit/rules.d/
. Rules must end in a
.rules
suffix. This then requires the use of
augenrules
to merge all the rules into
/etc/audit/audit.rules
based on their their alphabetical (lexical) sort order. All benchmark recommendations
follow this best practice for remediation, specifically using the prefix of
50
which is centre weighed if all rule sets make use of the number prepending naming
convention.
-
Your system may have been customized to change the default
UID_MIN
. All samples output uses
1000
, but this value will not be used in compliance auditing. To confirm the
UID_MIN
for your system, run the following command:
awk '/^\s*UID_MIN/{print $2}' /etc/login.defs
Normalization
The Audit system normalizes some entries, so when you look at the sample output keep
in mind that:
-
With regards to users whose login UID is not set, the values
-1
/ unset
/ 4294967295
are equivalent and normalized to
-1
.
-
When comparing field types and both sides of the comparison is valid fields types,
such as
euid!=uid
, then the auditing system may normalize such that the output is
uid!=euid
.
- Some parts of the rule may be rearranged whilst others are dependant on previous syntax.
For example, the following two statements are the same:
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -C uid!=euid -F auid!=-1 -F key=user_emulation
and
-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -C euid!=uid -F auid!=unset -S execve -k user_emulation
Capacity planning
The recommendations in this section implement auditing policies that not only produces
large quantities of logged data, but may also negatively impact system performance.
Capacity planning is critical in order not to adversely impact production environments.
- Disk space. If a significantly large set of events are captured, additional on system
or off system storage may need to be allocated. If the logs are not sent to a remote
log server, ensure that log rotation is implemented else the disk will fill up and
the system will halt. Even when logs are sent to a log server, ensure sufficient disk
space to allow caching of logs in the case of temporary network outages.
- Disk IO. It is not just the amount of data collected that should be considered, but
the rate at which logs are generated.
- CPU overhead. System call rules might incur considerable CPU overhead. Test the systems
open/close syscalls per second with and without the rules to gauge the impact of the
rules.
5.2.1 Ensure auditing is enabled
The capturing of system events provides system administrators with information to
allow them to determine if unauthorized access to their system is occurring.
5.2.2 Configure Data Retention
When auditing, it is important to carefully configure the storage requirements for
audit logs. By default, auditd will max out the log files at 5MB and retain only 4
copies of them. Older versions will be deleted. It is possible on a system that the
20 MBs of audit logs may fill up the system causing loss of audit data. While the
recommendations here provide guidance, check your site policy for audit storage requirements.
5.2.3 Configure auditd rules
The Audit system operates on a set of rules that define what is to be captured in
the log files.
The following types of Audit rules can be specified:
- Control rules: Allow the Audit system's behavior and some of its configuration to
be modified.
- File system rules: Allow the auditing of access to a particular file or a directory.
(Also known as file watches)
- System call rules: Allow logging of system calls that any specified program makes.
Audit rules can be set:
- on the command line using the auditctl utility. Note that these rules are not persistent
across reboots.
-
in a file ending in
.rules
in the
/etc/audit/audit.d/
directory.
5.2.4 Configure auditd file access
Without the capability to restrict which roles and individuals can select which events
are audited, unauthorized personnel may be able to prevent the auditing of critical
events.
Fail5.2.4.11 Ensure cryptographic mechanisms are used to protect the integrity of audit tools
Description:
Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit
tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity
and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.
Protecting the integrity of the tools used for auditing purposes is a critical step
toward ensuring the integrity of audit information. Audit information includes all
information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully
audit information system activity.
Attackers may replace the audit tools or inject code into the existing tools with
the purpose of providing the capability to hide or erase system activity from the
audit logs.
Audit tools should be cryptographically signed in order to provide the capability
to identify when the audit tools have been modified, manipulated, or replaced. An
example is a checksum hash of the file or files.
Add or update the following selection lines for to a file ending in
.conf
in the /etc/aide/aide.conf.d/ or to
/etc/aide/aide.conf
to protect the integrity of the audit tools:
# Audit Tools
/sbin/auditctl p+i+n+u+g+s+b+acl+xattrs+sha512
/sbin/auditd p+i+n+u+g+s+b+acl+xattrs+sha512
/sbin/ausearch p+i+n+u+g+s+b+acl+xattrs+sha512
/sbin/aureport p+i+n+u+g+s+b+acl+xattrs+sha512
/sbin/autrace p+i+n+u+g+s+b+acl+xattrs+sha512
/sbin/augenrules p+i+n+u+g+s+b+acl+xattrs+sha512
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_audit_tools_cryptographic_mechanisms_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Start - Determine system's package manager
- - system is apt based
- - system uses apt package manager
- - End - Determine system's package manager
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - AIDE is not installed on the system.
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.4.11_Ensure_cryptographic_mechanisms_are_used_to_protect_the_integrity_of_audit_tools"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.897-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_audit_tools_cryptographic_mechanisms_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_audit_tools_cryptographic_mechanisms_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_audit_tools_cryptographic_mechanisms_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>- Start - Determine system's package manager</l>
<l>- system is apt based</l>
<l>- system uses apt package manager</l>
<l>- End - Determine system's package manager</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - AIDE is not installed on the system.</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_audit_tools_cryptographic_mechanisms_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>- Start - Determine system's package manager</li>
<li>- system is apt based</li>
<li>- system uses apt package manager</li>
<li>- End - Determine system's package manager</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - AIDE is not installed on the system.</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AU-3
6 System Maintenance
Recommendations in this section are intended as maintenance and are intended to be
checked on a frequent basis to ensure system stability. Many recommendations do not
have quick remediations and require investigation into the cause and best fix available
and may indicate an attempted breach of system security.
6.1 System File Permissions
This section provides guidance on securing aspects of system files and directories.
Pass6.1.1 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd are configured
Description:
The /etc/passwd
file contains user account information that is used by many system utilities and therefore
must be readable for these utilities to operate.
It is critical to ensure that the
/etc/passwd
file is protected from unauthorized write access. Although it is protected by default,
the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.
Run the following commands to remove excess permissions, set owner, and set group
on
/etc/passwd
:
# chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/passwd
# chown root:root /etc/passwd
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions --x-wx-wx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/passwd |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
passwd |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
1426 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.1_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995000"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995000">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995000"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/passwd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>passwd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1426</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd- are configured
Description:
The /etc/passwd-
file contains backup user account information.
It is critical to ensure that the
/etc/passwd-
file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the
file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.
Run the following commands to remove excess permissions, set owner, and set group
on
/etc/passwd-
:
# chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/passwd-
# chown root:root /etc/passwd-
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions --x-wx-wx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/passwd- |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
passwd- |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723259 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723259 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
1359 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd-_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995005"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995005">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995005"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/passwd-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>passwd-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723259</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723259</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1359</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/group are configured
Description:
The /etc/group
file contains a list of all the valid groups defined in the system. The command below
allows read/write access for root and read access for everyone else.
The /etc/group
file needs to be protected from unauthorized changes by non-privileged users, but
needs to be readable as this information is used with many non-privileged programs.
Run the following commands to remove excess permissions, set owner, and set group
on
/etc/group
:
# chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/group
# chown root:root /etc/group
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/group exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions --x-wx-wx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/group |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
group |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
693 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995011"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995011">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995011"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/group exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/group</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>group</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>693</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/group- are configured
Description:
The /etc/group-
file contains a backup list of all the valid groups defined in the system.
It is critical to ensure that the
/etc/group-
file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the
file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.
Run the following commands to remove excess permissions, set owner, and set group
on
/etc/group-
:
# chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/group-
# chown root:root /etc/group-
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/group- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions --x-wx-wx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/group- |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
group- |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723259 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723259 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
669 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup-_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995018"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995018">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995018"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/group- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/group-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>group-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723259</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723259</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>669</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow are configured
Description:
The /etc/shadow
file is used to store the information about user accounts that is critical to the
security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.
If attackers can gain read access to the
/etc/shadow
file, they can easily run a password cracking program against the hashed password
to break it. Other security information that is stored in the
/etc/shadow
file (such as expiration) could also be useful to subvert the user accounts.
Run
one
of the following commands to set ownership of
/etc/shadow
to
root
and group to either
root
or
shadow
:
# chown root:shadow /etc/shadow
-OR-
# chown root:root /etc/shadow
Run the following command to remove excess permissions form
/etc/shadow
:
# chmod u-x,g-wx,o-rwx /etc/shadow
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_mode_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/shadow" is mode: "0640" (should be mode: "640" or more restrictive)
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_owner_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/shadow" is owned by: "root" (should be owned by: "root")
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_group_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(root
or shadow)")
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995026_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_mode_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_mode_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_mode_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/shadow" is mode: "0640" (should be mode: "640" or more restrictive)</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_mode_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/shadow" is mode: "0640" (should be mode: "640" or more restrictive)</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995028_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_owner_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_owner_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_owner_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/shadow" is owned by: "root" (should be owned by: "root")</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_owner_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/shadow" is owned by: "root" (should be owned by: "root")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995031_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(root or shadow)")</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_group_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(root or shadow)")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow- are configured
Description:
The /etc/shadow-
file is used to store backup information about user accounts that is critical to the
security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.
It is critical to ensure that the
/etc/shadow-
file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the
file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.
Run
one
of the following commands to set ownership of
/etc/shadow-
to
root
and group to either
root
or
shadow
:
# chown root:shadow /etc/shadow-
-OR-
# chown root:root /etc/shadow-
Run the following command to remove excess permissions form
/etc/shadow-
:
# chmod u-x,g-wx,o-rwx /etc/shadow-
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_mode_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/shadow" is mode: "0640" (should be mode: "640" or more restrictive)
|
| No error lines were collected. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_owner_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/shadow" is owned by: "root" (should be owned by: "root")
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
| Script: |
sce/nix_group_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(root
or shadow)")
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow-_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995036_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_mode_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_mode_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_mode_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/shadow" is mode: "0640" (should be mode: "640" or more restrictive)</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_mode_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/shadow" is mode: "0640" (should be mode: "640" or more restrictive)</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995039_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_owner_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_owner_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_owner_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/shadow" is owned by: "root" (should be owned by: "root")</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_owner_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/shadow" is owned by: "root" (should be owned by: "root")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995041_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(root or shadow)")</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_group_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(root or shadow)")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow are configured
Description:
The /etc/gshadow
file is used to store the information about groups that is critical to the security
of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.
If attackers can gain read access to the
/etc/gshadow
file, they can easily run a password cracking program against the hashed password
to break it. Other security information that is stored in the
/etc/gshadow
file (such as group administrators) could also be useful to subvert the group.
Run
one
of the following commands to set ownership of
/etc/gshadow
to
root
and group to either
root
or
shadow
:
# chown root:shadow /etc/gshadow
-OR-
# chown root:root /etc/gshadow
Run the following command to remove excess permissions form
/etc/gshadow
:
# chmod u-x,g-wx,o-rwx /etc/gshadow
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow exists and is owned by user 0 and does
not have permissions --x-wxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/gshadow |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
gshadow |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
42 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
578 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Script: |
sce/nix_group_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/gshadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(shadow
or root)")
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995044"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995044">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995044"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/gshadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>gshadow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>42</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>578</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995052_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/gshadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(shadow or root)")</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_group_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/gshadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(shadow or root)")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.8 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow- are configured
Description:
The /etc/gshadow-
file is used to store backup information about groups that is critical to the security
of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.
It is critical to ensure that the
/etc/gshadow-
file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the
file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.
Run
one
of the following commands to set ownership of
/etc/gshadow-
to
root
and group to either
root
or
shadow
:
# chown root:shadow /etc/gshadow-
-OR-
# chown root:root /etc/gshadow-
Run the following command to remove excess permissions form
/etc/gshadow-
:
# chmod u-x,g-wx,o-rwx /etc/gshadow-
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow- exists and is owned by user 0 and does
not have permissions --x-wxrwx SUID SGID sticky |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/gshadow- |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
gshadow- |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
42 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723259 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148800 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723259 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
556 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Script: |
sce/nix_group_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
- - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(shadow
or root)")
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.8_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow-_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995055"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995055">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995055"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow- exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx SUID SGID sticky</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/gshadow-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>gshadow-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>42</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723259</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723259</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>556</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995063_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_group_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l> - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(shadow or root)")</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_group_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li> - file: "/etc/shadow" is group owned by: "shadow" (should be group owned by: "(shadow or root)")</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.1.9 Ensure permissions on /etc/shells are configured
Description:
/etc/shells
is a text file which contains the full pathnames of valid login shells. This file
is consulted by
chsh
and available to be queried by other programs.
It is critical to ensure that the
/etc/shells
file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the
file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.
Run the following commands to remove excess permissions, set owner, and set group
on
/etc/shells
:
# chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/shells
# chown root:root /etc/shells
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/shells exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not
have permissions --x-wx-wx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/shells |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
shells |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723084 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1713148752 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706723084 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
130 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.9_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshells_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995067"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995067">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995067"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/shells exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/shells</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>shells</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723084</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1713148752</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706723084</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>130</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail6.1.10 Ensure permissions on /etc/opasswd are configured
Description:
/etc/security/opasswd
and it's backup
/etc/security/opasswd.old
hold user's previous passwords if
pam_unix
or pam_pwhistory
is in use on the system
It is critical to ensure that
/etc/security/opasswd
is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the file
permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.
Run the following commands to remove excess permissions, set owner, and set group
on
/etc/security/opasswd
and
/etc/security/opasswd.old
is they exist:
# [ -e "/etc/security/opasswd" ] && chmod u-x,go-rwx /etc/security/opasswd
# [ -e "/etc/security/opasswd" ] && chown root:root /etc/security/opasswd
# [ -e "/etc/security/opasswd.old" ] && chmod u-x,go-rwx /etc/security/opasswd.old
# [ -e "/etc/security/opasswd.old" ] && chown root:root /etc/security/opasswd.old
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/opasswd exists and is owned by 0:0 and
does not have permissions --xrwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
File Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Filepath |
String |
Exists |
/etc/security/opasswd |
| Path |
String |
Exists |
/etc/security |
| Filename |
String |
Exists |
opasswd |
| Type |
String |
Exists |
regular |
| Group Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| User Id |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| A Time |
Int |
Exists |
1702260263 |
| C Time |
Int |
Exists |
1706787254 |
| M Time |
Int |
Exists |
1702260263 |
| Size |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Suid |
Int |
Exists |
false |
| Sgid |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Sticky |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Uread |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
true |
| Uexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gread |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gwrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Gexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oread |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Owrite |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Oexec |
Boolean |
Exists |
false |
| Has Extended Acl |
Boolean |
Not collected |
No Value |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/opasswd.old exists and is owned by 0:0
and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.10_Ensure_permissions_on_etcopasswd_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995075"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995075">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995075"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/opasswd exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>File Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Filepath</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/security/opasswd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Path</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>/etc/security</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Filename</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>opasswd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Type</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>regular</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Group Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>User Id</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1702260263</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>C Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1706787254</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M Time</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>1702260263</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Size</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Suid</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sgid</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sticky</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Uexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gwrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Gexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oread</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Owrite</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Oexec</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has Extended Acl</td>
<td>Boolean</td>
<td>Not collected</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995085"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995085">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995085"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/opasswd.old exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail6.1.11 Ensure world writable files and directories are secured
Description:
World writable files are the least secure. Data in world-writable files can be modified
and compromised by any user on the system. World writable files may also indicate
an incorrectly written script or program that could potentially be the cause of a
larger compromise to the system's integrity. See the
chmod(2)
man page for more information.
Setting the sticky bit on world writable directories prevents users from deleting
or renaming files in that directory that are not owned by them.
Data in world-writable files can be modified and compromised by any user on the system.
World writable files may also indicate an incorrectly written script or program that
could potentially be the cause of a larger compromise to the system's integrity.
This feature prevents the ability to delete or rename files in world writable directories
(such as
/tmp
) that are owned by another user.
-
World Writable Files:
-
It is recommended that write access is removed from
other
with the command (
chmod o-w <filename>
), but always consult relevant vendor documentation to avoid breaking any application
dependencies on a given file.
-
World Writable Directories:
-
Set the sticky bit on all world writable directories with the command (
chmod a+t <directory_name>
)
Run the following script to:
- Remove other write permission from any world writable files
- Add the sticky bit to all world writable directories
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_smask='01000'
a_path=(); a_arr=() # Initialize array
a_path=(! -path "/run/user/*" -a ! -path "/proc/*" -a ! -path "*/containerd/*" -a
! -path "*/kubelet/pods/*" -a ! -path "/sys/kernel/security/apparmor/*" -a ! -path
"/snap/*" -a ! -path "/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/*")
while read -r l_bfs; do
a_path+=( -a ! -path ""$l_bfs"/*")
done < <(findmnt -Dkerno fstype,target | awk '$1 ~ /^\s*(nfs|proc|smb)/ {print $2}')
# Populate array with files
while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' l_file; do
[ -e "$l_file" ] && a_arr+=("$(stat -Lc '%n^%#a' "$l_file")")
done < <(find / \( "${a_path[@]}" \) \( -type f -o -type d \) -perm -0002 -print0
2>/dev/null)
while IFS="^" read -r l_fname l_mode; do # Test files in the array
if [ -f "$l_fname" ]; then # Remove excess permissions from WW files
echo -e " - File: \"$l_fname\" is mode: \"$l_mode\"\n - removing write permission
on \"$l_fname\" from \"other\""
chmod o-w "$l_fname"
fi
if [ -d "$l_fname" ]; then
if [ ! $(( $l_mode & $l_smask )) -gt 0 ]; then # Add sticky bit
echo -e " - Directory: \"$l_fname\" is mode: \"$l_mode\" and doesn't have the sticky
bit set\n - Adding the sticky bit"
chmod a+t "$l_fname"
fi
fi
done < <(printf '%s\n' "${a_arr[@]}")
unset a_path; unset a_arr # Remove array
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_world_writable_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - There are "2" World writable files on the system.
- - The following is a list of World writable files:
- /root/sample-asset.yaml
- /tmp/startup-script.sh
- - end of list
- - * Correctly configured * :
- - Sticky bit is set on world writable directories on the local filesystem.
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.11_Ensure_world_writable_files_and_directories_are_secured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.898-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_world_writable_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_world_writable_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_world_writable_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - There are "2" World writable files on the system.</l>
<l> - The following is a list of World writable files:</l>
<l>/root/sample-asset.yaml</l>
<l>/tmp/startup-script.sh</l>
<l> - end of list</l>
<l/>
<l>- * Correctly configured * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - Sticky bit is set on world writable directories on the local filesystem.</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_world_writable_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - There are "2" World writable files on the system.</li>
<li> - The following is a list of World writable files:</li>
<li>/root/sample-asset.yaml</li>
<li>/tmp/startup-script.sh</li>
<li> - end of list</li>
<li/>
<li>- * Correctly configured * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - Sticky bit is set on world writable directories on the local filesystem.</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail6.1.12 Ensure no unowned or ungrouped files or directories exist
Description:
Administrators may delete users or groups from the system and neglect to remove all
files and/or directories owned by those users or groups.
A new user or group who is assigned a deleted user's user ID or group ID may then
end up "owning" a deleted user or group's files, and thus have more access on the
system than was intended.
Remove or set ownership and group ownership of these files and/or directories to an
active user on the system as appropriate.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_unowned_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- Adding: /usr/local/bin/starship
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - There are "1" ungrouped files or directories on the system.
- - The following is a list of ungrouped files and/or directories:
- /usr/local/bin/starship
- - end of list
- - * Correctly configured * :
- - No unowned files or directories exist on the local filesystem.
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.12_Ensure_no_unowned_or_ungrouped_files_or_directories_exist"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_unowned_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_unowned_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_unowned_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l>Adding: /usr/local/bin/starship</l>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - There are "1" ungrouped files or directories on the system.</l>
<l> - The following is a list of ungrouped files and/or directories:</l>
<l>/usr/local/bin/starship</l>
<l> - end of list</l>
<l>- * Correctly configured * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - No unowned files or directories exist on the local filesystem.</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_unowned_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>Adding: /usr/local/bin/starship</li>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - There are "1" ungrouped files or directories on the system.</li>
<li> - The following is a list of ungrouped files and/or directories:</li>
<li>/usr/local/bin/starship</li>
<li> - end of list</li>
<li>- * Correctly configured * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - No unowned files or directories exist on the local filesystem.</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: AC-3. MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Manual6.1.13 Ensure SUID and SGID files are reviewed
Description:
The owner of a file can set the file's permissions to run with the owner's or group's
permissions, even if the user running the program is not the owner or a member of
the group. The most common reason for a SUID or SGID program is to enable users to
perform functions (such as changing their password) that require root privileges.
There are valid reasons for SUID and SGID programs, but it is important to identify
and review such programs to ensure they are legitimate. Review the files returned
by the action in the audit section and check to see if system binaries have a different
checksum than what from the package. This is an indication that the binary may have
been replaced.
Ensure that no rogue SUID or SGID programs have been introduced into the system. Review
the files returned by the action in the Audit section and confirm the integrity of
these binaries.
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.13_Ensure_SUID_and_SGID_files_are_reviewed"
role="unscored"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="0.0">
<xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5, AC-3, MP-2</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5, AC-3, MP-2
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
6.2 Local User and Group Settings
This section provides guidance on securing aspects of the local users and groups.
Note:
The recommendations in this section check local users and groups. Any users or groups
from other sources such as LDAP will not be audited. In a domain environment similar
checks should be performed against domain users and groups.
Pass6.2.1 Ensure accounts in /etc/passwd use shadowed passwords
Description:
Local accounts can uses shadowed passwords. With shadowed passwords, The passwords
are saved in shadow password file,
/etc/shadow
, encrypted by a salted one-way hash. Accounts with a shadowed password have an
x
in the second field in
/etc/passwd
.
The /etc/passwd
file also contains information like user ID's and group ID's that are used by many
system programs. Therefore, the
/etc/passwd
file must remain world readable. In spite of encoding the password with a randomly-generated
one-way hash function, an attacker could still break the system if they got access
to the
/etc/passwd
file. This can be mitigated by using shadowed passwords, thus moving the passwords
in the
/etc/passwd
file to
/etc/shadow
. The
/etc/shadow
file is set so only root will be able to read and write. This helps mitigate the risk
of an attacker gaining access to the encoded passwords with which to perform a dictionary
attack.
Note:
- All accounts must have passwords or be locked to prevent the account from being used
by an unauthorized user.
-
A user account with an empty second field in
/etc/passwd
allows the account to be logged into by providing only the username.
Run the following command to set accounts to use shadowed passwords:
# sed -e 's/^\([a-zA-Z0-9_]*\):[^:]*:/\1:x:/' -i /etc/passwd
Investigate to determine if the account is logged in and what it is being used for,
to determine if it needs to be forced off.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/passwd exists and matches pattern ^\s*[^:]+:[^x:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*(\s+#.*)?$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.1_Ensure_accounts_in_etcpasswd_use_shadowed_passwords"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/11"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995108"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995108">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995108"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/passwd exists and matches pattern ^\s*[^:]+:[^x:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation,
use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage
them. |
| Subcontrol: |
16.4 |
| Label: |
Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials |
| Description: |
Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.11 |
| Label: |
Encrypt Sensitive Data at Rest |
| Description: |
Encrypt sensitive data at rest on servers, applications, and databases containing
sensitive data. Storage-layer encryption, also known as server-side encryption, meets
the minimum requirement of this Safeguard. Additional encryption methods may include
application-layer encryption, also known as client-side encryption, where access to
the data storage device(s) does not permit access to the plain-text data. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-2 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.2.2 Ensure /etc/shadow password fields are not empty
Description:
An account with an empty password field means that anybody may log in as that user
without providing a password.
All accounts must have passwords or be locked to prevent the account from being used
by an unauthorized user.
If any accounts in the
/etc/shadow
file do not have a password, run the following command to lock the account until it
can be determined why it does not have a password:
# passwd -l <username>
Also, check to see if the account is logged in and investigate what it is being used
for to determine if it needs to be forced off.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure usernames pattern match .+ have shadow parameter password Pattern Match .+
(string) |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Shadow Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Username |
String |
Exists |
admin |
| Password |
String |
Exists |
$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Chg Lst |
Int |
Exists |
19753 |
| Chg Allow |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Chg Req |
Int |
Exists |
99999 |
| Exp Warn |
Int |
Exists |
7 |
| Exp Inact |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Exp Date |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Flag |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Encrypt Method |
String |
Exists |
SHA-512 |
Shadow Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Username |
String |
Exists |
root |
| Password |
String |
Exists |
$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD] |
| Chg Lst |
Int |
Exists |
19753 |
| Chg Allow |
Int |
Exists |
0 |
| Chg Req |
Int |
Exists |
99999 |
| Exp Warn |
Int |
Exists |
7 |
| Exp Inact |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Exp Date |
Int |
Does not exist |
No Value |
| Flag |
String |
Exists |
No Value |
| Encrypt Method |
String |
Exists |
SHA-512 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.2_Ensure_etcshadow_password_fields_are_not_empty"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/5/subcontrol/2"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995115"
value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_3995115_var"/>
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995115"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995115">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995115"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure usernames pattern match .+ have shadow parameter password Pattern Match .+ (string)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Shadow Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Username</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>admin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Password</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Lst</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>19753</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Allow</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Req</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>99999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Warn</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Inact</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Date</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flag</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encrypt Method</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>SHA-512</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Shadow Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Username</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>root</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Password</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>$6$[OBFUSCATED HASHED PWD]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Lst</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>19753</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Allow</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chg Req</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>99999</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Warn</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Inact</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Exp Date</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Does not exist</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flag</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>No Value</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Encrypt Method</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>SHA-512</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment,
and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications. |
| Subcontrol: |
4.4 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root,
or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 5: Account Management: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Use processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user
accounts, including administrator accounts, as well as service accounts, to enterprise
assets and software. |
| Safeguard: |
5.2 |
| Label: |
Use Unique Passwords |
| Description: |
Use unique passwords for all enterprise assets. Best practice implementation includes,
at a minimum, an 8-character password for accounts using MFA and a 14-character password
for accounts not using MFA. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.2.3 Ensure all groups in /etc/passwd exist in /etc/group
Description:
Over time, system administration errors and changes can lead to groups being defined
in /etc/passwd
but not in
/etc/group
.
Groups defined in the
/etc/passwd
file but not in the
/etc/group
file pose a threat to system security since group permissions are not properly managed.
Analyze the output of the Audit step above and perform the appropriate action to correct
any discrepancies found.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/etc_group_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- All groups in /etc/passwd exist in /etc/group
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.3_Ensure_all_groups_in_etcpasswd_exist_in_etcgroup"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/etc_group_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/etc_group_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/etc_group_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l>All groups in /etc/passwd exist in /etc/group</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/etc_group_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>All groups in /etc/passwd exist in /etc/group</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass6.2.4 Ensure shadow group is empty
Description:
The shadow group allows system programs which require access the ability to read the
/etc/shadow file. No users should be assigned to the shadow group.
Any users assigned to the shadow group would be granted read access to the /etc/shadow
file. If attackers can gain read access to the
/etc/shadow
file, they can easily run a password cracking program against the hashed passwords
to break them. Other security information that is stored in the
/etc/shadow
file (such as expiration) could also be useful to subvert additional user accounts.
Run the following command to remove all users from the shadow group
# sed -ri 's/(^shadow:[^:]*:[^:]*:)([^:]+$)/\1/' /etc/group
Change the primary group of any users with shadow as their primary group.
# usermod -g <primary group> <user>
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure no file named /etc/group exists and matches pattern ^shadow:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]+$ |
| Existence Check: |
None Exist |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
| No matching system items were found. |
| Script: |
sce/nix_user_shadow_primary_group_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- PASSED: No users have group shadow as their primary group
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.4_Ensure_shadow_group_is_empty"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995126"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995126">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995126"
check="all"
check_existence="none_exist">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure no file named /etc/group exists and matches pattern ^shadow:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]+$</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>None Exist</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_user_shadow_primary_group_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_user_shadow_primary_group_chk.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_user_shadow_primary_group_chk.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l>PASSED: No users have group shadow as their primary group</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_user_shadow_primary_group_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li>PASSED: No users have group shadow as their primary group</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Pass6.2.5 Ensure no duplicate UIDs exist
Description:
Although the
useradd
program will not let you create a duplicate User ID (UID), it is possible for an administrator
to manually edit the
/etc/passwd
file and change the UID field.
Users must be assigned unique UIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate access
protections.
Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique UIDs and review all files
owned by the shared UIDs to determine which UID they are supposed to belong to.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate UIDs" |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Variable Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Var Ref |
String |
Exists |
oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995136 |
| Value |
Int |
Exists |
27 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.5_Ensure_no_duplicate_UIDs_exist"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995136"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995136">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995136"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate UIDs"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Variable Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Var Ref</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995136</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>27</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass6.2.6 Ensure no duplicate GIDs exist
Description:
Although the
groupadd
program will not let you create a duplicate Group ID (GID), it is possible for an
administrator to manually edit the
/etc/group
file and change the GID field.
User groups must be assigned unique GIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate
access protections.
Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique GIDs and review all files
owned by the shared GID to determine which group they are supposed to belong to.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate GIDs" |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Variable Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Var Ref |
String |
Exists |
oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995141 |
| Value |
Int |
Exists |
53 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.6_Ensure_no_duplicate_GIDs_exist"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995141"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995141">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995141"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate GIDs"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Variable Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Var Ref</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995141</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>53</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass6.2.7 Ensure no duplicate user names exist
Description:
Although the
useradd
program will not let you create a duplicate user name, it is possible for an administrator
to manually edit the
/etc/passwd
file and change the user name.
If a user is assigned a duplicate user name, it will create and have access to files
with the first UID for that username in
/etc/passwd
. For example, if "test4" has a UID of 1000 and a subsequent "test4" entry has a UID
of 2000, logging in as "test4" will use UID 1000. Effectively, the UID is shared,
which is a security problem.
Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique user names for the users.
File ownerships will automatically reflect the change as long as the users have unique
UIDs.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate User Names" |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Variable Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Var Ref |
String |
Exists |
oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995146 |
| Value |
Int |
Exists |
27 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.7_Ensure_no_duplicate_user_names_exist"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995146"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995146">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995146"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate User Names"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Variable Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Var Ref</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995146</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>27</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass6.2.8 Ensure no duplicate group names exist
Description:
Although the
groupadd
program will not let you create a duplicate group name, it is possible for an administrator
to manually edit the
/etc/group
file and change the group name.
If a group is assigned a duplicate group name, it will create and have access to files
with the first GID for that group in
/etc/group
. Effectively, the GID is shared, which is a security problem.
Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique names for the user groups.
File group ownerships will automatically reflect the change as long as the groups
have unique GIDs.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate Group Names" |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Pass |
Variable Item
| Name |
Type |
Status |
Value |
| Var Ref |
String |
Exists |
oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995151 |
| Value |
Int |
Exists |
53 |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.8_Ensure_no_duplicate_group_names_exist"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995151"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995151">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995151"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate Group Names"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<caption>Variable Item</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Name</th>
<th scope="col">Type</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>Var Ref</td>
<td>String</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:var:3995151</td>
</tr>
<tr class="evaluated">
<td>Value</td>
<td>Int</td>
<td>Exists</td>
<td>53</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass6.2.9 Ensure root PATH Integrity
Description:
The root
user can execute any command on the system and could be fooled into executing programs
unintentionally if the
PATH
is not set correctly.
Including the current working directory (.) or other writable directory in
root
's executable path makes it likely that an attacker can gain superuser access by forcing
an administrator operating as
root
to execute a Trojan horse program.
Correct or justify any items discovered in the Audit step.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/root_path.sh |
| Result: |
Pass |
| Exit Value: |
101 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** PASS **
|
| Errors: |
- /root/.bash_profile: line 36: lolcat: command not found
|
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.9_Ensure_root_PATH_Integrity"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/root_path.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/root_path.sh"
xccdf="pass"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/root_path.sh"
exit-value="101">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** PASS **</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err>
<l>/root/.bash_profile: line 36: lolcat: command not found</l>
</err>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/root_path.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="pass">Pass</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>101</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** PASS **</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Errors:</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>/root/.bash_profile: line 36: lolcat: command not found</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Pass6.2.10 Ensure root is the only UID 0 account
Description:
Any account with UID 0 has superuser privileges on the system.
This access must be limited to only the default
root
account and only from the system console. Administrative access must be through an
unprivileged account using an approved mechanism as noted in Item 5.6 Ensure access
to the su command is restricted.
Remove any users other than
root
with UID
0
or assign them a new UID if appropriate.
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Criterion: |
Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and does not match pattern ^(?!root:)[^:]*:[^:]*:0 |
| Existence Check: |
At Least One Exists |
| Item Check: |
All |
| Result: |
Fail |
| No matching system items were found. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.10_Ensure_root_is_the_only_UID_0_account"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995163"/>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="definition"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:def:3995163">
<div class="criteria">
<div class="criterion"
id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_20:tst:3995163"
check="all"
check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
<td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and does not match pattern ^(?!root:)[^:]*:[^:]*:0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
<td>At Least One Exists</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
<td>All</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>No matching system items were found.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
Fail6.2.11 Ensure local interactive user home directories are configured
Description:
The user home directory is space defined for the particular user to set local environment
variables and to store personal files. While the system administrator can establish
secure permissions for users' home directories, the users can easily override these.
Users can be defined in
/etc/passwd
without a home directory or with a home directory that does not actually exist.
Since the user is accountable for files stored in the user home directory, the user
must be the owner of the directory. Group or world-writable user home directories
may enable malicious users to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another
user's system privileges. If the user's home directory does not exist or is unassigned,
the user will be placed in "/" and will not be able to write any files or have local
environment variables set.
If a local interactive users' home directory is undefined and/or doesn't exist, follow
local site policy and perform one of the following:
- Lock the user account
- Remove the user from the system
-
create a directory for the user. If undefined, edit
/etc/passwd
and add the absolute path to the directory to the last field of the user.
Run the following script to:
- Remove excessive permissions from local interactive users home directories
- Update the home directory's owner
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_output2=""
l_valid_shells="^($( awk -F\/ '$NF != "nologin" {print}' /etc/shells | sed -rn '/^\//{s,/,\\\\/,g;p}'
| paste -s -d '|' - ))$"
unset a_uarr && a_uarr=() # Clear and initialize array
while read -r l_epu l_eph; do # Populate array with users and user home location
a_uarr+=("$l_epu $l_eph")
done <<< "$(awk -v pat="$l_valid_shells" -F: '$(NF) ~ pat { print $1 " " $(NF-1) }'
/etc/passwd)"
l_asize="${#a_uarr[@]}" # Here if we want to look at number of users before proceeding
[ "$l_asize " -gt "10000" ] && echo -e "\n ** INFO **\n - \"$l_asize\" Local interactive
users found on the system\n - This may be a long running process\n"
while read -r l_user l_home; do
if [ -d "$l_home" ]; then
l_mask='0027'
l_max="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$l_mask)) )"
while read -r l_own l_mode; do
if [ "$l_user" != "$l_own" ]; then
l_output2="$l_output2\n - User: \"$l_user\" Home \"$l_home\" is owned by: \"$l_own\"\n
- changing ownership to: \"$l_user\"\n"
chown "$l_user" "$l_home"
fi
if [ $(( $l_mode & $l_mask )) -gt 0 ]; then
l_output2="$l_output2\n - User: \"$l_user\" Home \"$l_home\" is mode: \"$l_mode\"
should be mode: \"$l_max\" or more restrictive\n - removing excess permissions\n"
chmod g-w,o-rwx "$l_home"
fi
done <<< "$(stat -Lc '%U %#a' "$l_home")"
else
l_output2="$l_output2\n - User: \"$l_user\" Home \"$l_home\" Doesn't exist\n -
Please create a home in accordance with local site policy"
fi
done <<< "$(printf '%s\n' "${a_uarr[@]}")"
if [ -z "$l_output2" ]; then # If l_output2 is empty, we pass
echo -e " - No modification needed to local interactive users home directories"
else
echo -e "\n$l_output2"
fi
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_user_home_directory_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - User: "john" Home "/home/john" Doesn't exist
- - User: "admin" Home "/home/admin" is mode: "0755" should be mode: "750" or more
restrictive
- - * Correctly configured * :
- - All local interactive users:
- - own their home directory
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.11_Ensure_local_interactive_user_home_directories_are_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_user_home_directory_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_user_home_directory_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_user_home_directory_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - User: "john" Home "/home/john" Doesn't exist</l>
<l> - User: "admin" Home "/home/admin" is mode: "0755" should be mode: "750" or more restrictive</l>
<l/>
<l>- * Correctly configured * :</l>
<l> - All local interactive users:</l>
<l> - own their home directory</l>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_user_home_directory_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - User: "john" Home "/home/john" Doesn't exist</li>
<li> - User: "admin" Home "/home/admin" is mode: "0755" should be mode: "750" or more restrictive</li>
<li/>
<li>- * Correctly configured * :</li>
<li> - All local interactive users:</li>
<li> - own their home directory</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>
Fail6.2.12 Ensure local interactive user dot files access is configured
Description:
While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' "dot" files,
the users can easily override these.
- .forward
file specifies an email address to forward the user's mail to.
- .rhost
file provides the "remote authentication" database for the rcp, rlogin, and rsh commands
and the rcmd() function. These files bypass the standard password-based user authentication
mechanism. They specify remote hosts and users that are considered trusted (i.e. are
allowed to access the local system without supplying a password)
- .netrc
file contains data for logging into a remote host or passing authentication to an
API.
- .bash_history
file keeps track of the user’s last 500 commands.
User configuration files with excessive or incorrect access may enable malicious users
to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another user's system privileges.
Making global modifications to users' files without alerting the user community can
result in unexpected outages and unhappy users. Therefore, it is recommended that
a monitoring policy be established to report user dot file permissions and determine
the action to be taken in accordance with site policy.
The following script will:
-
remove excessive permissions on
dot
files within interactive users' home directories
-
change ownership of
dot
files within interactive users' home directories to the user
-
change group ownership of
dot
files within interactive users' home directories to the user's primary group
-
list
.forward
and
.rhost
files to be investigated and manually deleted
#!/usr/bin/env bash
{
l_valid_shells="^($( awk -F\/ '$NF != "nologin" {print}' /etc/shells | sed -rn '/^\//{s,/,\\\\/,g;p}'
| paste -s -d '|' - ))$"
unset a_uarr && a_uarr=() # Clear and initialize array
while read -r l_epu l_eph; do # Populate array with users and user home location
[[ -n "$l_epu" && -n "$l_eph" ]] && a_uarr+=("$l_epu $l_eph")
done <<< "$(awk -v pat="$l_valid_shells" -F: '$(NF) ~ pat { print $1 " " $(NF-1) }'
/etc/passwd)"
l_asize="${#a_uarr[@]}" # Here if we want to look at number of users before proceeding
l_maxsize="1000" # Maximum number of local interactive users before warning (Default
1,000)
[ "$l_asize " -gt "$l_maxsize" ] && echo -e "\n ** INFO **\n - \"$l_asize\" Local
interactive users found on the system\n - This may be a long running check\n"
file_access_fix()
{
l_facout2=""
l_max="$( printf '%o' $(( 0777 & ~$l_mask)) )"
if [ $(( $l_mode & $l_mask )) -gt 0 ]; then
echo -e " - File: \"$l_hdfile\" is mode: \"$l_mode\" and should be mode: \"$l_max\"
or more restrictive\n - Changing to mode \"$l_max\""
chmod "$l_chp" "$l_hdfile"
fi
if [[ ! "$l_owner" =~ ($l_user) ]]; then
echo -e " - File: \"$l_hdfile\" owned by: \"$l_owner\" and should be owned by \"${l_user//|/
or }\"\n - Changing ownership to \"$l_user\""
chown "$l_user" "$l_hdfile"
fi
if [[ ! "$l_gowner" =~ ($l_group) ]]; then
echo -e " - File: \"$l_hdfile\" group owned by: \"$l_gowner\" and should be group
owned by \"${l_group//|/ or }\"\n - Changing group ownership to \"$l_group\""
chgrp "$l_group" "$l_hdfile"
fi
}
while read -r l_user l_home; do
if [ -d "$l_home" ]; then
echo -e "\n - Checking user: \"$l_user\" home directory: \"$l_home\""
l_group="$(id -gn "$l_user" | xargs)"
l_group="${l_group// /|}"
while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' l_hdfile; do
while read -r l_mode l_owner l_gowner; do
case "$(basename "$l_hdfile")" in
.forward | .rhost )
echo -e " - File: \"$l_hdfile\" exists\n - Please investigate and manually delete
\"$l_hdfile\""
;;
.netrc )
l_mask='0177'
l_chp="u-x,go-rwx"
file_access_fix ;;
.bash_history )
l_mask='0177'
l_chp="u-x,go-rwx"
file_access_fix ;;
* )
l_mask='0133'
l_chp="u-x,go-wx"
file_access_fix ;;
esac
done <<< "$(stat -Lc '%#a %U %G' "$l_hdfile")"
done < <(find "$l_home" -xdev -type f -name '.*' -print0)
fi
done <<< "$(printf '%s\n' "${a_uarr[@]}")"
unset a_uarr # Remove array
}
Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
| AND |
| Script: |
sce/nix_user_dot_files_access_chk.sh |
| Result: |
Fail |
| Exit Value: |
102 |
| Output: |
- - Audit Result:
- ** FAIL **
- - * Reasons for audit failure * :
- - User: "admin" Home Directory: "/home/admin"
- - File: "/home/admin/.bash_profile" owned by: "root" and should be owned by "admin"
- - File: "/home/admin/.bash_profile" group owned by: "root" and should be group owned
by "admin"
- - * Correctly configured * :
- - No local interactive users home directories contain:
- - ".forward" or ".rhost" files
- - ".netrc" files with incorrect access configured
- - ".bash_history" files with incorrect access configured
|
| No error lines were collected. |
|
Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:cc8="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"
xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.12_Ensure_local_interactive_user_dot_files_access_is_configured"
role="full"
severity="unknown"
time="2024-04-14T23:46:23.899-04:00"
version="1"
weight="1.0">
<xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
<xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
<xccdf:ident cc8:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0/control/3/subcontrol/3"
system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v8.0"/>
<xccdf:ident system="URL">NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5</xccdf:ident>
<xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
<xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
negate="false"
multi-check="false">
<xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nix_user_dot_files_access_chk.sh"/>
<xccdf:check-content>
<command_result href="sce/nix_user_dot_files_access_chk.sh"
xccdf="fail"
script="/root/Assessor/sce/nix_user_dot_files_access_chk.sh"
exit-value="102">
<out>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- Audit Result:</l>
<l> ** FAIL **</l>
<l> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</l>
<l/>
<l> - User: "admin" Home Directory: "/home/admin"</l>
<l> - File: "/home/admin/.bash_profile" owned by: "root" and should be owned by "admin"</l>
<l> - File: "/home/admin/.bash_profile" group owned by: "root" and should be group owned by "admin"</l>
<l/>
<l/>
<l/>
<l>- * Correctly configured * :</l>
<l> - No local interactive users home directories contain:</l>
<l> - ".forward" or ".rhost" files</l>
<l> - ".netrc" files with incorrect access configured</l>
<l> - ".bash_history" files with incorrect access configured</l>
<l/>
</out>
<err/>
<env/>
</command_result>
</xccdf:check-content>
<evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
<div class="sce">
<table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Script:</td>
<td>sce/nix_user_dot_files_access_chk.sh</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Result:</td>
<td class="fail">Fail</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
<td>102</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td class="bold">Output:</td>
<td>
<ul class="unstyled">
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- Audit Result:</li>
<li> ** FAIL **</li>
<li> - * Reasons for audit failure * :</li>
<li/>
<li> - User: "admin" Home Directory: "/home/admin"</li>
<li> - File: "/home/admin/.bash_profile" owned by: "root" and should be owned by "admin"</li>
<li> - File: "/home/admin/.bash_profile" group owned by: "root" and should be group owned by "admin"</li>
<li/>
<li/>
<li/>
<li>- * Correctly configured * :</li>
<li> - No local interactive users home directories contain:</li>
<li> - ".forward" or ".rhost" files</li>
<li> - ".netrc" files with incorrect access configured</li>
<li> - ".bash_history" files with incorrect access configured</li>
<li/>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="evidence" width="100%">
<tbody class="tbe">
<tr>
<td>No error lines were collected.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</evidence>
</xccdf:check>
</xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>
References:
- URL: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5: CM-1, CM-2, CM-6, CM-7, IA-5
CIS Controls V7.0:
- Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical
assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination
of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these
critical assets based on an approved classification. |
| Subcontrol: |
14.6 |
| Label: |
Protect Information through Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims,
application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce
the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information
based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities. |
>
CIS Critical Security Controls V8.0:
- Control 3: Data Protection: -- More
| CIS Control Information |
| Control: |
Develop processes and technical controls to identify, classify, securely handle, retain,
and dispose of data. |
| Safeguard: |
3.3 |
| Label: |
Configure Data Access Control Lists |
| Description: |
Configure data access control lists based on a user's need to know. Apply data access
control lists, also known as access permissions, to local and remote file systems,
databases, and applications. |
| Implementation Group: |
IG-1 |
| Security Function: |
Protect |
>